TECA 1311 Chapter 1-2
About ______ percent of all children in public schools have a disability of some kind
13%
Currently, the federal poverty level is _______ for a family of four
24,000
The process of collecting information about children's development, learning, behavior, academic progress, need for special services, and achievement in order to make decisions.
Assessment
encompasses the stages of physical, social, mental, and linguistic growth that occur from birth through age eight.
Child development
Which of the following is not an accurate statement regarding brain research findings
Children are born with fixed intelligences
Children whose parents are unemployed are at an increased risk for experiencing all of the following except
Cultural diversity (they experience poverty, homelessness, and child abuse)
In addition to the guidelines for teaching children with special need set by NAEYC, educators should also consult
Division of Early Childhood and the council for exceptional children
a person who successfully teaches all children (birth to age eight), promotes high personal and professional standards, and continually expands skills and knowledge.
Early childhood professional
This act was signed into law in 2015 and replaces NCLB. It led to a more flexible approach to student testing and school accountability. States were also given back the responsibility and control to put measures into place for assisting schools who were underperforming.
Every Student Succeeds Act
this is one of the longest-running programs to address systematic poverty in the united states
Head start
How do formal assessments differ from informal assessments?
In formal assessments, the guidelines are set and there are standard procedures for administration
Exposure to _____ can lead to low IQs, short attention spans, hyperactivity, learning disabilities, and behavioral problems
Lead
Toys, furniture, and products manufactured overseas may contain ____ and need to be checked before use by children
Lead
Many hospitals and community colleges are providing courses and seminars to support fathers. Why?
Many men feel unprepared for fatherhood
One division of Head Start provides services for families who move from one geographic location to another within a two-year period for the purpose of engaging in agricultural work.
Migrant and seasonal head start
Early childhood standards for practice are determined by
NAEYC
The code of ethics for the field of early childhood education was developed by which professional organization
National Association for the Education of Young Children
A far ranging and significant influence of NCLB for early childhood programs is the fact that it puts emphasis on which if the following areas first
Reading
This NAEYC standard provides guidelines for promoting child development and learning
Standard 1
This NAEYC standard provides guidelines for building family and community relationships
Standard 2
This NAEYC standard provides guidelines for using developmentally effective approaches to connect with the children and family
Standard 4
This NAEYC standard provides guidelines for becoming a professional
Standard 6
this act implemented several programs to promote the health, education, and general welfare of people from low socioeconomic background and was designed to put people to work.
The economic opportunity act
Kendra and Jamie have a family with two girls. They are well-read parents and are very concerned about the gender achievement gap. All of the following are true about the gender achievement gap EXCEPT
The family income level is the most important issue in gender related issues
Which of the following programs provides financial assistance through state education agencies to local educational agencies and schools with high numbers or percentages of poor children to help ensure that all children meet challenging state academic content and student academic achievement standards
Title I
Longview elementary school uses the "talk, walk, and squawk" method to prevent bullying. In this method, children are taught to do the following when confronted by a bully.
Verbally stand up for themselves, walk away (dont run) and tell a teacher
the act of engaging in strategies designed to improve the circumstances of children and families
advocacy
Keith realizes that many of his students do not have access to a quality afterschool care program. He and some of his colleagues decide to write a grant to get one started at the school. These teachers are serving as:
advocates for children
As indicators of what children should know and be able to do, standards are changing the ways teachers teach, how and what students learn, and the ways school operate. Some would say they have transformed teaching from which of the following?
an input model to an output model
Which term refers to the process of collecting information about children's development, learning, health, behavior, academic progress, and need for special services in order to make decisions
assessment
To assess the fine motor and cognitive development of a child, the teacher examines a painting the child has done. She looks at the name written on the painting, the lines drawn on the painting, and the context of the painting. She also asks the child some questions about the painting. The teacher is demonstrating the use of what type of assessment
authentic assessment
When sharon assesses children in her program she collects samples of their work, makes judgements based on individual children, and makes sure she does not compare children. Sharon uses which of the following assessment methods
authentic assessment
early childhood professionals teach children
birth to 8 years old
What do you do if you noting is afraid of going home and has bruises
call CPS
What is the most important disposition
caring
Those environments that provide achievable and "stretching" experiences for all children
challenging environments
The sum total of the physical intellectual, social, emotional, and behavioral changes that occur in children fro the moment of conception to adulthood
child development
All 50 states have state standards for what their students should know and be able to do but they are not uniform across the states. The public's desire for uniformity among the state standards laid the foundation for which of the following
common core state standards CCSS
_______ is the most prevalent chronic disease in children and adults
dental caries
Teaching based on the ability to respond appropriately to children's and families' developmental, cultural, and ethnic backgrounds and needs.
developmentally and culturally responsive practice (DCRP)
knowledge of individual children, knowledge of children's culture, and knowledge of child development is known as
developmentally appropriate practice
Involves teaching skills and behaviors in the context of classroom routines and transitions.
embedded instruction
Responsible behavior toward students and parents that allows you to be considered a professional.
ethical conduct
What is the exercise of responsible behavior with children, families, colleagues, and community members called
ethical conduct
responsible behavior toward students and parents that allows you to be considered a professional
ethical conduct
Title IX of Education Act of 1972 addresses
giving equal opportunities to boys and girls
those environments that provide for children's physical and psycho-logical health, safety, and sense of security.
healthy environments
Today in America the New Majority Minorities are primarily ______________.
hispanic and asian
This is an approach to education that ensures that all young children have opportunities to play and learn together in a variety of settings
inclusion
kimberly has just been employed by the principal in Brune Elementary to teach first grade. Bruce Elementary receives Title I funds so kimberly will be going to staff development designed to support her in fully understanding the no child left behind act. NCLB targets six fundamental areas. They include all of the following except
inclusive school practices
the field of early education is changing rapidly due to the following factors
increase in scientific knowledge about children, recent developments in research-based programs and curricula, influential research, increased enrollment in early childhood programs, and politicians focusing on early childhood
Dr. Thomas is the principal at Crest Early Childhood Center. She has worked hard to establish a professional learning community at her school. Professional learning communities are designed to do which of the following?
increase student achievement by creating a school culture focused on learning
Dr. Fields is a principal at Turner Elementary and today he is going to discuss curricular alignment with his staff. Alignment is the arrangement of standards, curriculum, and tests so that they complement one another. Dr. Fields understands that this is important in the standards movement which has at its center __________________.
increased student achievement
critical tasks of developmental identity include two parts. One is that the child must develop a cultural identity coming from the family and the other is a
individual identity
Mrs. Arblaster is very focused on her teaching so that her children gain the skills they need for success based on specific goals and standards. She has created an inclusive, stimulating environment, tailored the curriculum to meet the children's specific needs, and makes extra effort to create warm and supportive relationships with children and families. Her approach to teaching is best characterized as
intentional teaching
Which of the following is NOT a head start program option
intergenerational option
Early head start is designed to provide year-round comprehensive child and family development services for which of the following populations
low-income pregnant women and families with infants and toddlers from birth to three years old
Early childhood brain research tells us that good prenatal care, loving attachments, and positive age-appropriate stimulation from birth onward
make a tremendous difference in children's cognitive development over a lifetime
In 2011, all of the nation's 1600 Head Start and early head start programs had to meet new performance criteria in order to have their grants renewed. Part of this is a requirement that each head start program's classroom quality be measured by the classroom assessment scoring system (CLASS). Head start programs that do not measure up to the standards as measured by CLASS do not have their grants renewed. This is a historic event in the 50 year history of the head start program because it
marked the first time that head start programs have had to prove that they prepare their children for kindergarten in order to keep and/or have their grants renewed
Which of the following is one of the most powerful and widely used methods of assessment by early childhood educators
observation
number one way to gather information about young children
observation
The preschool teacher is sitting in the library center listening to two students "reading" to each other. The teacher has a clipboard in her lap and she is checking off information on a rubric about the way the children are holding the book, turning the pages, and discussing the pictures. The teacher is demonstrating the use of which of the following types of assessment
observation and checklist
Polly is a preschool teacher and understands that one of her most important responsibilities as an early childhood professional is assessment. What two forms of assessment should Polly use in her classroom in ongoing and systematic ways?
observation and documentation
Socioeconomic status (SES) consists of three interrelated measures
parent's education levels, parent's employment status, and family income
which term refers to the teaching skills teachers need to help all children learn content knowledge
pedagogical content knowledge
A process whereby teachers agree to learn from each other through observation, interaction, and discussions.
peer coaching
Federal guidelines for Head Start and Early Head Start designed to ensure that all children and families receive high quality services
performance standards
Authentic assessment is also known as what
performance-based assessment
A set of beliefs about how children develop and learn and what and how they should be taught.
philosophy of education
knowing what you believe about children, your feelings about appropriate or inappropriate learning environments, what you think are the purposes of education, how you view the teachers role, and what you think you should know and be able to do should be part of your
philosophy of education
The ability to detect, manipulate, or analyze the auditory aspects of spoken language.
phonological awareness
Today many teachers compile children's work samples, products, and teacher observations collected over time that show what children are able to do. What is this type of authentic assessment called
portfolio
Head Start has always been and remains a program for children of ________.
poverty
The values, commitments, and professional ethics that influence behaviors toward students, families, colleagues, and communities and affect student learning, motivation, and development, as well as the educator's own professional growth.
professional dispositions
A team of early childhood professionals working collaboratively to improve teaching and learning
professional learning community (PLC)
The professional is never a finished product. Which is the best explanation of this statement
professionals must work to stay current in the field by reading, reflecting, changing, and attending professional development activities
Which of the following includes such things as laws; federal, state, and local government guidelines; position statements of professional organizations; and court decisions ?
public policy
the belief that one race is superior to another
racism
Teachers can reduce the effects of asthma in the classroom by doing what
reducing or eliminating carpet, wipe down surfaces daily, and regularly change filters
when teachers actively engage in thinking before, during, and after teaching to make instructional and assessment decisions is known as
reflective practice
Those environments that show respect for each individual child and for the child's culture, home language, individual abilities or disabilities, family context, and community.
respectful environments
Sylvia feels it is very important to connect with the families of the children in her class. This year she makes home visits and asks each family to complete a short survey on their heritage. As a professional, Sylvia is demonstrating what type of relationship with her students and their families?
responsive relationship
The relationship that exists between yourself, children, and their families in which you are responsive to their needs and interests.
responsive relationships
performance or scoring guides that clearly identify levels of performance
rubrics
the fact that young children are extremely capable and naturally eager to learn has been proven through
scientific knowledge
This NAEYC standard provides guidelines for observing, documenting, and assessing to support young children and families
standard 3
This NAEYC standard provides guidelines for using content knowledge to build meaningful curriculum
standard 5
Funding for schools is determined by
standardized test results and property taxes
In terms of planning instruction and curriculum decisions, _______ are the statements of what students should know ad be able to do, as well as help answer questions of what students should know and be able to do, as well as help answer questions about what to teach and what children should learn
standards
All of the following are contributions of standards except which one
standards have placed a high emphasis on creativity in the classroom and teacher choice in planning active learning experiences based on children's interests
Amanda and Toni chose not to get married, but are living together as life partners. They are raising Toni's two children from a previous marriage. This scenario is a description of how families are changing in _______________.
structure
living in poverty means that individuals do not have which of the following
sufficient income to support a minimum standard of living, such as adequate health care, housing, food, clothing and educational services
Those environments in which professionals believe each child can learn, and that help children understand and make meaning of their experiences.
supportive environments
Michael was a kindergarten teacher ten years ago. He is now returning to the field. Michael has always been aware of and understood the National Association for the Education of Young Children's standards for professional development, but today, he learned that he must also be aware of the standards from the Division of Early Childhood of the Council for Exceptional Children. These standards apply to Michael because he will be _____________________.
teaching in an inclusive classroom
Which of the following is NOT an implication of the head start performance standards
the curriculum of head start is more multicultural
The overall results of the head start impact study were generally positive, however, the big issue is the fade-out effect of the head start benefits to children at the end of the
third grade
High stakes testing is considered a critical issue in quality early childhood education. High stakes testing occurs when standardized tests are
used to make important and life-influencing decisions about children
Supporting ELLs in the classroom might best be accomplished by
utilizing cooperative learning groups
Mrs. white teaches first grade has meetings with her grade-level colleagues to plan on tuesday afternoons and meets wit her colleagues in kindergarten and second grade to plan on wednesday afternoons. These types of planning are known as
vertical and horizontal planning
Appropriate assessment strategies can help the early childhood professional find answers to all of the following except
what type of discipline strategies work best for this child
