TECA 1311 Chapter 1-2

About ______ percent of all children in public schools have a disability of some kind

13%

Currently, the federal poverty level is _______ for a family of four

24,000

The process of collecting information about children's development, learning, behavior, academic progress, need for special services, and achievement in order to make decisions.

Assessment

encompasses the stages of physical, social, mental, and linguistic growth that occur from birth through age eight.

Child development

Which of the following is not an accurate statement regarding brain research findings

Children are born with fixed intelligences

Children whose parents are unemployed are at an increased risk for experiencing all of the following except

Cultural diversity (they experience poverty, homelessness, and child abuse)

In addition to the guidelines for teaching children with special need set by NAEYC, educators should also consult

Division of Early Childhood and the council for exceptional children

a person who successfully teaches all children (birth to age eight), promotes high personal and professional standards, and continually expands skills and knowledge.

Early childhood professional

This act was signed into law in 2015 and replaces NCLB. It led to a more flexible approach to student testing and school accountability. States were also given back the responsibility and control to put measures into place for assisting schools who were underperforming.

Every Student Succeeds Act

this is one of the longest-running programs to address systematic poverty in the united states

Head start

How do formal assessments differ from informal assessments?

In formal assessments, the guidelines are set and there are standard procedures for administration

Exposure to _____ can lead to low IQs, short attention spans, hyperactivity, learning disabilities, and behavioral problems

Lead

Toys, furniture, and products manufactured overseas may contain ____ and need to be checked before use by children

Lead

Many hospitals and community colleges are providing courses and seminars to support fathers. Why?

Many men feel unprepared for fatherhood

One division of Head Start provides services for families who move from one geographic location to another within a two-year period for the purpose of engaging in agricultural work.

Migrant and seasonal head start

Early childhood standards for practice are determined by

NAEYC

The code of ethics for the field of early childhood education was developed by which professional organization

National Association for the Education of Young Children

A far ranging and significant influence of NCLB for early childhood programs is the fact that it puts emphasis on which if the following areas first

Reading

This NAEYC standard provides guidelines for promoting child development and learning

Standard 1

This NAEYC standard provides guidelines for building family and community relationships

Standard 2

This NAEYC standard provides guidelines for using developmentally effective approaches to connect with the children and family

Standard 4

This NAEYC standard provides guidelines for becoming a professional

Standard 6

this act implemented several programs to promote the health, education, and general welfare of people from low socioeconomic background and was designed to put people to work.

The economic opportunity act

Kendra and Jamie have a family with two girls. They are well-read parents and are very concerned about the gender achievement gap. All of the following are true about the gender achievement gap EXCEPT

The family income level is the most important issue in gender related issues

Which of the following programs provides financial assistance through state education agencies to local educational agencies and schools with high numbers or percentages of poor children to help ensure that all children meet challenging state academic content and student academic achievement standards

Title I

Longview elementary school uses the "talk, walk, and squawk" method to prevent bullying. In this method, children are taught to do the following when confronted by a bully.

Verbally stand up for themselves, walk away (dont run) and tell a teacher

the act of engaging in strategies designed to improve the circumstances of children and families

advocacy

Keith realizes that many of his students do not have access to a quality afterschool care program. He and some of his colleagues decide to write a grant to get one started at the school. These teachers are serving as:

advocates for children

As indicators of what children should know and be able to do, standards are changing the ways teachers teach, how and what students learn, and the ways school operate. Some would say they have transformed teaching from which of the following?

an input model to an output model

Which term refers to the process of collecting information about children's development, learning, health, behavior, academic progress, and need for special services in order to make decisions

assessment

To assess the fine motor and cognitive development of a child, the teacher examines a painting the child has done. She looks at the name written on the painting, the lines drawn on the painting, and the context of the painting. She also asks the child some questions about the painting. The teacher is demonstrating the use of what type of assessment

authentic assessment

When sharon assesses children in her program she collects samples of their work, makes judgements based on individual children, and makes sure she does not compare children. Sharon uses which of the following assessment methods

authentic assessment

early childhood professionals teach children

birth to 8 years old

What do you do if you noting is afraid of going home and has bruises

call CPS

What is the most important disposition

caring

Those environments that provide achievable and "stretching" experiences for all children

challenging environments

The sum total of the physical intellectual, social, emotional, and behavioral changes that occur in children fro the moment of conception to adulthood

child development

All 50 states have state standards for what their students should know and be able to do but they are not uniform across the states. The public's desire for uniformity among the state standards laid the foundation for which of the following

common core state standards CCSS

_______ is the most prevalent chronic disease in children and adults

dental caries

Teaching based on the ability to respond appropriately to children's and families' developmental, cultural, and ethnic backgrounds and needs.

developmentally and culturally responsive practice (DCRP)

knowledge of individual children, knowledge of children's culture, and knowledge of child development is known as

developmentally appropriate practice

Involves teaching skills and behaviors in the context of classroom routines and transitions.

embedded instruction

Responsible behavior toward students and parents that allows you to be considered a professional.

ethical conduct

What is the exercise of responsible behavior with children, families, colleagues, and community members called

ethical conduct

responsible behavior toward students and parents that allows you to be considered a professional

ethical conduct

Title IX of Education Act of 1972 addresses

giving equal opportunities to boys and girls

those environments that provide for children's physical and psycho-logical health, safety, and sense of security.

healthy environments

Today in America the New Majority Minorities are primarily ______________.

hispanic and asian

This is an approach to education that ensures that all young children have opportunities to play and learn together in a variety of settings

inclusion

kimberly has just been employed by the principal in Brune Elementary to teach first grade. Bruce Elementary receives Title I funds so kimberly will be going to staff development designed to support her in fully understanding the no child left behind act. NCLB targets six fundamental areas. They include all of the following except

inclusive school practices

the field of early education is changing rapidly due to the following factors

increase in scientific knowledge about children, recent developments in research-based programs and curricula, influential research, increased enrollment in early childhood programs, and politicians focusing on early childhood

Dr. Thomas is the principal at Crest Early Childhood Center. She has worked hard to establish a professional learning community at her school. Professional learning communities are designed to do which of the following?

increase student achievement by creating a school culture focused on learning

Dr. Fields is a principal at Turner Elementary and today he is going to discuss curricular alignment with his staff. Alignment is the arrangement of standards, curriculum, and tests so that they complement one another. Dr. Fields understands that this is important in the standards movement which has at its center __________________.

increased student achievement

critical tasks of developmental identity include two parts. One is that the child must develop a cultural identity coming from the family and the other is a

individual identity

Mrs. Arblaster is very focused on her teaching so that her children gain the skills they need for success based on specific goals and standards. She has created an inclusive, stimulating environment, tailored the curriculum to meet the children's specific needs, and makes extra effort to create warm and supportive relationships with children and families. Her approach to teaching is best characterized as

intentional teaching

Which of the following is NOT a head start program option

intergenerational option

Early head start is designed to provide year-round comprehensive child and family development services for which of the following populations

low-income pregnant women and families with infants and toddlers from birth to three years old

Early childhood brain research tells us that good prenatal care, loving attachments, and positive age-appropriate stimulation from birth onward

make a tremendous difference in children's cognitive development over a lifetime

In 2011, all of the nation's 1600 Head Start and early head start programs had to meet new performance criteria in order to have their grants renewed. Part of this is a requirement that each head start program's classroom quality be measured by the classroom assessment scoring system (CLASS). Head start programs that do not measure up to the standards as measured by CLASS do not have their grants renewed. This is a historic event in the 50 year history of the head start program because it

marked the first time that head start programs have had to prove that they prepare their children for kindergarten in order to keep and/or have their grants renewed

Which of the following is one of the most powerful and widely used methods of assessment by early childhood educators

observation

number one way to gather information about young children

observation

The preschool teacher is sitting in the library center listening to two students "reading" to each other. The teacher has a clipboard in her lap and she is checking off information on a rubric about the way the children are holding the book, turning the pages, and discussing the pictures. The teacher is demonstrating the use of which of the following types of assessment

observation and checklist

Polly is a preschool teacher and understands that one of her most important responsibilities as an early childhood professional is assessment. What two forms of assessment should Polly use in her classroom in ongoing and systematic ways?

observation and documentation

Socioeconomic status (SES) consists of three interrelated measures

parent's education levels, parent's employment status, and family income

which term refers to the teaching skills teachers need to help all children learn content knowledge

pedagogical content knowledge

A process whereby teachers agree to learn from each other through observation, interaction, and discussions.

peer coaching

Federal guidelines for Head Start and Early Head Start designed to ensure that all children and families receive high quality services

performance standards

Authentic assessment is also known as what

performance-based assessment

A set of beliefs about how children develop and learn and what and how they should be taught.

philosophy of education

knowing what you believe about children, your feelings about appropriate or inappropriate learning environments, what you think are the purposes of education, how you view the teachers role, and what you think you should know and be able to do should be part of your

philosophy of education

The ability to detect, manipulate, or analyze the auditory aspects of spoken language.

phonological awareness

Today many teachers compile children's work samples, products, and teacher observations collected over time that show what children are able to do. What is this type of authentic assessment called

portfolio

Head Start has always been and remains a program for children of ________.

poverty

The values, commitments, and professional ethics that influence behaviors toward students, families, colleagues, and communities and affect student learning, motivation, and development, as well as the educator's own professional growth.

professional dispositions

A team of early childhood professionals working collaboratively to improve teaching and learning

professional learning community (PLC)

The professional is never a finished product. Which is the best explanation of this statement

professionals must work to stay current in the field by reading, reflecting, changing, and attending professional development activities

Which of the following includes such things as laws; federal, state, and local government guidelines; position statements of professional organizations; and court decisions ?

public policy

the belief that one race is superior to another

racism

Teachers can reduce the effects of asthma in the classroom by doing what

reducing or eliminating carpet, wipe down surfaces daily, and regularly change filters

when teachers actively engage in thinking before, during, and after teaching to make instructional and assessment decisions is known as

reflective practice

Those environments that show respect for each individual child and for the child's culture, home language, individual abilities or disabilities, family context, and community.

respectful environments

Sylvia feels it is very important to connect with the families of the children in her class. This year she makes home visits and asks each family to complete a short survey on their heritage. As a professional, Sylvia is demonstrating what type of relationship with her students and their families?

responsive relationship

The relationship that exists between yourself, children, and their families in which you are responsive to their needs and interests.

responsive relationships

performance or scoring guides that clearly identify levels of performance

rubrics

the fact that young children are extremely capable and naturally eager to learn has been proven through

scientific knowledge

This NAEYC standard provides guidelines for observing, documenting, and assessing to support young children and families

standard 3

This NAEYC standard provides guidelines for using content knowledge to build meaningful curriculum

standard 5

Funding for schools is determined by

standardized test results and property taxes

In terms of planning instruction and curriculum decisions, _______ are the statements of what students should know ad be able to do, as well as help answer questions of what students should know and be able to do, as well as help answer questions about what to teach and what children should learn

standards

All of the following are contributions of standards except which one

standards have placed a high emphasis on creativity in the classroom and teacher choice in planning active learning experiences based on children's interests

Amanda and Toni chose not to get married, but are living together as life partners. They are raising Toni's two children from a previous marriage. This scenario is a description of how families are changing in _______________.

structure

living in poverty means that individuals do not have which of the following

sufficient income to support a minimum standard of living, such as adequate health care, housing, food, clothing and educational services

Those environments in which professionals believe each child can learn, and that help children understand and make meaning of their experiences.

supportive environments

Michael was a kindergarten teacher ten years ago. He is now returning to the field. Michael has always been aware of and understood the National Association for the Education of Young Children's standards for professional development, but today, he learned that he must also be aware of the standards from the Division of Early Childhood of the Council for Exceptional Children. These standards apply to Michael because he will be _____________________.

teaching in an inclusive classroom

Which of the following is NOT an implication of the head start performance standards

the curriculum of head start is more multicultural

The overall results of the head start impact study were generally positive, however, the big issue is the fade-out effect of the head start benefits to children at the end of the

third grade

High stakes testing is considered a critical issue in quality early childhood education. High stakes testing occurs when standardized tests are

used to make important and life-influencing decisions about children

Supporting ELLs in the classroom might best be accomplished by

utilizing cooperative learning groups

Mrs. white teaches first grade has meetings with her grade-level colleagues to plan on tuesday afternoons and meets wit her colleagues in kindergarten and second grade to plan on wednesday afternoons. These types of planning are known as

vertical and horizontal planning

Appropriate assessment strategies can help the early childhood professional find answers to all of the following except

what type of discipline strategies work best for this child