Test II Review
Which of the following was true of Siegfried Sassoon?
Which of the following was true of Siegfried Sassoon? He was a patient at Craiglockhart Hospital. He was a wartime poet. He fought on the Western Front.
Which of the following groups would have been most likely to agree with Enoch Powell?
White Working-Class English
Order of the White Feather
it has been used a symbol of cowardice, used by patriotic groups, including prominent members of the Suffragette movement and early feminists, in order to shame men into enlisting. in world war 1
Emmeline Pankhurst
she founded the Women's Social and Political Union, which used militant tactics to agitate for women's suffrage. Pankhurst was imprisoned many times, but supported the war effort after World War I broke out. Parliament granted British women limited suffrage in 1918. Pankhurst died in 1928, shortly before women were given full voting rights.
School Milk Act (1946)
provided free milk (a third of a pint a day) in schools to all children under the age of 18. In 1968 Edward Short, the Labour Secretary of State for Education and Science, withdrew free milk from secondary schools.
Austerity
referring to policies that aim to reduce government budget deficits through spending cuts, tax increases, or a combination of both. Austerity measures are used by governments that find it difficult to pay their debts
What was the name of the speech given by Enoch Powell in 1968?
Rivers of Blood
With which US President did Margaret Thatcher share a special bond?
Ronald Reagan
To whom was Winston Churchill referring when he declared, "Never before was so much owed by so many to so few.
Royal Air Force
Miners' Strike, 1984-5/Arthur Scargill
, he led the union through the 1984-85 miners' strike The miners' strike of 1984-85 was a major industrial action to shut down the British coal industry in an attempt to prevent colliery closures. It was led by Arthur Scargill of the National Union of Mineworkers against the National Coal Board, a government agency.
The Wolfenden Report (1957) said that homosexuality was a sin that should be punished by imprisonment.
False
There was no extramarital sex in Britain before the sexual revolution of the 1960s.
False
Aneurin Bevan
-After the landslide Labour victory in the 1945 general election, Bevan was appointed Minister of Health. -responsible for establishing the National Health Service. On 5 July 1948, the government took over responsibility for all medical services and there was free diagnosis and treatment for all.
Which of the following was true of punk music?
-It flourished in the 1970s. -It criticized traditional pillars of society like the monarchy. - Important artists included David Bowie, the Clash, and the Kinks.
Clement Attlee
-was a British statesman and Labour Party politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1945 to 1951. He was the Leader of the Labour Party from 1935 to 1955 -As Prime Minister, he enlarged and improved social services and the public sector in post-war Britain, creating the National Health Service and nationalising major industries and public utilities.
The Troubles
-The Troubles was an ethno-nationalist conflict in Northern Ireland during the late 20th century. -Also known internationally as the Northern Ireland conflict, it is sometimes described as an "irregular war" or "low-level war". A key issue was the constitutional status of Northern Ireland. Unionists/loyalists, who were mostly Protestants, wanted Northern Ireland to remain within the United Kingdom. Irish nationalists/republicans, who were mostly Catholics, wanted Northern Ireland to leave the United Kingdom and join a united Ireland. The conflict began during a campaign to end discrimination against the Catholic/nationalist minority by the Protestant/unionist government and police force.
What fears and fantasies did Enoch Powell exploit in his speech?
-The denial of opportunities to white Britons -The flooding of the population with non-white foreigners -The violation of white women by black men
Age of Affluence
-a major shift in the key arguments of British politics took place in the late 1950s. 29/03/2016 - Stable and traditional family life reached its height in the 1950s. -Unprecedented prosperity growth rate of Gross Domestic Product of, on average, more than 2% per annum. • The average Briton was to enjoy a growth in consumption levels that by 2000 was to take them to heights almost unimaginable in the 1940s. 1950s: rising prosperity • In 1957, Conservative prime minister Harold Macmillan had stated in a speech: 'Let's be frank about it; most of our people have never had it so good. Go around the country, go to the industrial towns, go to the farms, and you will find a state of prosperity such as we have never had in my life time - nor indeed ever in the history of this country.'
Wolfenden Report (1957)
-a study containing recommendations for laws governing sexual behaviour, published in 1957 by the Committee on Homosexual Offences and Prostitution in Great Britain. It was named for Sir John Wolfenden, the chairman of the committee. -Following several sensational trials, notably that of Alan Turing and Lord Montagu of Beaulieu, the Conservative government set up a departmental committee under Sir John Wolfenden to consider both homosexual offences and prostitution. -The committee recommended that "homosexual behaviour between consenting adults in private should no longer be a criminal offence
London Olympics of 1948
-just three years after allied forces marched into Berlin to effectively herald the end of WWII, London prepared to host the world's greatest sporting event. -The event came to be known as the Austerity Games, because of the difficult economic climate and rationing imposed in the aftermath of World War II. One of the star performers at the Games was Dutch sprinter Fanny Blankers-Koen. Dubbed "The Flying Housewife", the thirty-year-old mother of two won four gold medals in athletics. -No new facilities were built for these Games, but the Wembley Stadium had survived the war and proved adequate.
Winston Churchill
-was a British politician, army officer, and writer. ---He was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945, when he led Britain to victory in the Second World War, and again from 1951 to 1955 -he forged alliances with the United States and Soviet Union to defeat Nazi Germany in World War II. -he result of the election came as a major shock to the Conservatives, given the heroic status of Winston Churchill, but reflected the voters' belief that the Labour Party were better able to rebuild the country following the war than the Conservatives. ... But no one felt he would be Prime Minister after the war.
Elizabeth II
.I is the longest reigning monarch in British history. ... Known for her efforts to modernise the institution of monarchy
Britain has witnessed only one General Strike in its modern history. In what year did that strike occur?
1926
In what year did the United Kingdom become a part of the European Economic Community?
1973
True or False: George Orwell believed that sports was a form of goodwill among nations.
False
What percentage of industries were nationalized by the Attlee government?
20%
While it was a problem on the European continent, Fascism never reared its head in Great Britain in the interwar years.
False
What was the point of the cartoon, "Your Very Good Health"?
A National Health Service is a good investment for individuals, families, and the nation.
Conscientious Objector
A conscientious objector is one who is opposed to serving in the armed forces and/or bearing arms on the grounds of moral or religious principles.
William Beveridge was a member of the Labour Party.
False
What distinguished the kitchen sink dramas of the 1950s from the plays of prior eras?
A new emphasis on life's unpleasant realities
Suffragette
A suffragette was a member of militant women's organizations in the early 20th century who, under the banner "Votes for Women", fought for the right to vote in public elections, known as women's suffrage.
Which of the following was NOT associated with the New Liberalism?
Aliens Act of 1905
Which of the following were associated with the so-called Americanization of the 1950s?
All of the ABove
What was the name of the policy that led Britain and the other European democracies to stand by as Hitler's Germany spread its power across continental Europe?
Appeasement
National Health Service-1948
At its simplest, the NHS is the structure which began on the 'appointed day' of 5 July 1948, whose purpose was to provide universal, comprehensive and free health care, with ultimate responsibility residing in the minister appointed by the governing party The original structure of the NHS known as the tripartite system: Hospital services, Primary care, and community services -Hospital services: Fourteen regional hospital boards were created in England and Wales to administer the majority of hospital services. Primary care: GPs were independent contractors (that is, they were not salaried employees) and would be paid for each person on their list. Dentists, opticians, and pharmacists also generally provided services as independent contractors. Community services: Maternity and child welfare clinics, health visitors, midwives, health education, vaccination & immunisation and ambulance services together with environmental health services were the responsibility of local authorities. This was a continuation of the role local government had held under the Poor Laws.
Which of the following characterized the years from 1945 to 1951 in Great Britain?
Austerity
Which of the following instances of German aggression in 1914 served as a recruiting tool for the British at the beginning of the Great War?
Battle of Belgium
Emily Wilding Davison
Born in London, England, on October 11, 1872, Emily Wilding Davison joined the Women's Social and Political Union in 1906, then quit her teaching job to work full-time for equal voting rights. A militant member of the British suffragette movement, Davison was jailed several times for protest-related offenses and attempted to starve herself while serving time in Manchester's Strange ways Prison. In 1913, she stepped in front of a horse during the Epsom Derby and died of her injuries.
Which of the following groups lobbied against the National Health Services Act?
British Medical Association
Which of the following actions is especially associated with 1979, the Winter of Discontent?
Dustmen's Strike
Barbara Castle
Castle also helped make history when she intervened in the Ford sewing machinists' strike of 1968, in which the women of the Dagenham Ford Plant demanded to be paid the same as their male counterparts. She helped resolve the strike, which resulted in a pay rise for Ford's female workers bringing them to 92% of what the men received. Most significantly, as a consequence of this strike, Castle put through the Equal Pay Act 1970.
Choose the word that fits the blank. Father of the NHS, Aneurin Bevan famously declared, "No society can legitimately call itself ________ if a sick person is denied medical aid because of lack of means
Civilized
Conscription
Conscription during the First World War began when the British government passed the Military Service Act in January 1916. The act specified that single men aged 18 to 40 years old were liable to be called up for military service unless they were widowed with children or ministers of a religion
Swinging London
DescriptionThe Swinging Sixties was a youth-driven cultural revolution that took place in the United Kingdom during the mid-to-late 1960s, emphasising modernity and fun-loving hedonism, with Swinging London as its centre. It saw a flourishing in art, music and fashion, and was symbolised by the city's "pop and fashion exports".
The Edwardians
Edward enjoyed travelling, and his visits to Paris improved relations between the two countries. The prosperity of the Edwardian era was built on trade and manufacturing. These were the main industries at the time: Mining, especially coal, the main source of power Manufacture of iron and steel, shipbuilding Railways all over the world were built by the British, and equipped with machinery made in Britain. There was a lot of inequality in society in the United Kingdom in the Edwardian era, as there always had been. Rich people and poor people had very different living standards at this time.[4] Most adult men could vote, but women could not. Suffragettes were fighting for the right to vote.
Edward VII
Edward only ruled as King for nine years but made a lasting impression. He became increasingly popular with his people and minister and was credited as the 'peacemaker' for his work in maintaining world stability at a time when War seemed to be looming
What was the name of the test that developed out of the 1944 Education Act to direct students into secondary education (middle school and high school)?
Eleven Plus
Which of the following pieces of legislation was a response to the Ford Machinists Strike?
Equal Pay Act
Which of the following Wars marked a victory for morale during Thatcher's time as Prime Minister?
Falklands War
All suffragettes opposed the war effort during World War I, because war challenges the ideals of feminism.
False
Because they fought in World War I, colonial troops became more loyal after the War.
False
During the time of the Troubles, violence did not occur in England, only in Ireland.
False
In the Blitz, the Luftwaffe concentrated its targets in the West End, the wealthier part of London.
False
Lesbian sex was a principal concern of the Sexual Offences Act of 1967.
False
Margaret Thatcher was always skeptical about Britain's relationship with Europe.
False
The British public rewarded Winston Churchill for his work in World War II by reelecting him as Prime Minister in 1945.
False
The Unemployment Insurance Act of 1920 treated men and women equally, in order to thank women for their services during World War I.
False
What was the occupation of Margaret Thatcher's father?
Grocer
William Beveridge
He is best known for his 1942 report Social Insurance and Allied Services which served as the basis for the post-World War II welfare state put in place by the Labour government elected in 1945
The Pill (1961)
On December 4, 1961 - a landmark day for women's rights and sexual freedom - the contraceptive pill was made 'available to all' on the NHS sparking the sexual revolution of the 1960s.
Which of the following helped to lead to the demise of Margaret Thatcher?
Her Position on the Poll Tax
Which of the following groups expressed discontentment with the liberal order in the early twentieth century?
The workers The women The Irish
Abdication Crisis of 1936 (Edward VIII)
In 1936, a constitutional crisis in the British Empire arose when King-Emperor Edward VIII proposed to marry Wallis Simpson, an American socialite who was divorced from her first husband and was pursuing the divorce of her second.
Mary Quant
In 1963, she won the Sunday Times International Fashion Award, and was chosen as Woman of the Year. Quant was famous as a designer who invented the miniskirt and hot pants.
Sunday Bloody Sunday
In London derry, Northern Ireland, 13 unarmed civil rights demonstrators are shot dead by British Army paratroopers in an event that becomes known as "Bloody Sunday." The protesters, all Northern Catholics, were marching in protest of the British policy of internment of suspected Irish nationalists
Stagflation
In economics, stagflation is a situation in which the inflation rate is high, the economic growth rate slows, and unemployment remains steadily high. It presents a dilemma for economic policy, since actions intended to lower inflation may exacerbate unemployment, and vice versa. The term, a portmanteau of stagnation and inflation, is generally attributed to Iain Macleod, a British Conservative Party politician who became Chancellor of the Exchequer in 1970. Macleod used the word in a 1965 speech to Parliament during a period of simultaneously high inflation and unemployment in the United Kingdom
The Partition of India divided that former British possession into two separate countries. What were these?
India and Pakistan
Sexual Offences Act (1967)
It decriminalized homosexual acts in private between two men, both of whom had to have attained the age of 21. The Act applied only to England and Wales and did not cover the Merchant Navy or the Armed Forces.
Which of the following parties became a national force during the interwar years?
Labour Party
School Lunch Act of 1906
It was suggested that infant mortality was affected by malnutrition and poor hygiene. The lack of nutrition and poor physical health of children prompted the introduction of the Education (Provision of Meals) Act 1906, which gave local authorities the power to provide free school meals.
Keir Hardie
James Keir Hardie was a Scottish trade unionist and politician. He was a founder of the Labour Party, and served as its first parliamentary leader from 1906 to 1908.
What was the name of the book, previously released in the 1920s, that caused a sensation when it was published as a Penguin paperback?
Lady Chatterly's Lover
What happens at the end of the story, "As Told by the Schoolmaster," about World War I?
Jim is shot and killed for desertion.
What, colloqiually, was the nickname for Election of 1900?
Khaki Election
Empire Windrush
King was one of the 802 Caribbeans who immigrated aboard the Empire Windrush, the first major influx of Afro-Caribbean people to come to Britain after the Second World War. ... Despite having equal rights to British citizenship, new arrivals from the Commonwealth faced prejudice and abuse
Which new social group, concerned especially with appearances, came into being during the Edwardian age?
Lower Middle Class
"Wind of Change"/Harold Macmillan
Macmillan acknowledged that black people in Africa were, quite rightly, claiming the right to rule themselves, and suggested that it was a responsibility of the British government to promote the creation of societies in which the rights of all individuals were upheld. -Britain's acknowledgment of black nationalist movements in Africa, and that its colonies would have to be given independence under majority rule. (A fortnight later a new power-sharing deal in Kenya was announced which gave Kenyan black nationalists an opportunity to experience government before independence was achieved.) It also indicated Britain's growing concerns over the application of apartheid in South Africa. Macmillan urged South Africa to move towards racial equality, a goal he expressed for the whole Commonwealth.
Which of the following won the Nobel Peace Prize?
Maired Maguire
General Strike, 1926
Many meetings were held but no agreement was made so on May 1st 1926 the miners went on strike for better pay and conditions.
Which of the following is NOT associated with Swinging London?
Margaret Thatcher
Which of the following is/are associated with Swinging London?
Mary Quant Carnaby Street Austin Powers
Which of the following were associated with the London Olympics of 1948?
New Hope for the Postwar World Austerity The BBC Fanny Blankers-Koen
Militancy
Militant, commonly called the Militant tendency, was a Trotskyist entryist group designed to infiltrate the British Labour Party. Its voice was the Militant newspaper launched in 1964. According to Michael Crick, its politics were based on the thoughts of Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, Vladimir Lenin, Leon Trotsky and 'virtually nobody else'.[3] In 1975, there was widespread press coverage of a Labour Party report on the infiltration tactics of Militant.
To deride Margaret Thatcher, her critics called her the ______ snatcher.
Milk
When Arthur Scargill declared, "We are fighting for the survival of our culture," to what group was he referring? (You can answer this by looking at your lecture notes or by looking in the readings for April 9).
Miners
Mohandas Gandhi
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was an Indian activist who was the leader of the Indian independence movement against British colonial rule. Employing nonviolent civil disobedience, Gandhi led India to independence and inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world
Which two acts were pillars of Britain's Welfare State?
National Insurance Act and National Health Services Act
Black Boys on Mopeds
Nicholas Bramble tried to get away from police who suspected he did not own the moped he was driving. His crash in 1989 was fatal. Would he have been pursued were it not for his black skin? A year later, Sinéad O'Connor kind of sings about him in this haunting protest song, lamenting a pointless death (Bramble did own the moped). And she blames Margaret Thatcher for appearing to care more about human rights abuses in other countries, when the same things were occurring domestically.
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
North Atlantic Treaty Organization was formed. NATO is a formal alliance between the territories of North American and Europe. From its inception, its main purpose was to defend each other from the possibility of communist Soviet Union taking control of their nation.
Oswald Mosley/Fascism
Oswald Mosley of Ancoats, was a British politician who rose to fame in the 1920s as a Member of Parliament and later in the 1930s became leader of the British Union of Fascists -Fascism is a form of government which is a type of one-party dictatorship. Fascists are against democracy. They work for a totalitarian one-party state. This aim is to prepare the nation for armed conflict, and to respond to economic difficulties. ... It stands for a centralized government headed by a dictator.
National Education Act (1944)/RAB
Rab Butler's 1944 education act ensured all children would have free secondary education for the first time. The Education Act of 1944 involved a thorough recasting of the educational system. The Board of Education was replaced by a minister who was to direct and control the local education authorities, thereby assuring a more even standard of educational opportunity throughout England and Wales.
Which of the following would have displeased supporters of Enoch Powell?
Race Relations Act of 1965
What form of communication did Edward VIII use to give his abdication speech in 1936?
Radio
Which of the following is associated with the Western Front in the Great War?
Shell Shock Siegfried Sassoon Trench Warfare
Sinn Fein
Sinn Féin ("ourselves" or "we ourselves") a are Irish-language phrases used as a political slogan by Irish nationalists in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. is a left-wing Irish republican political party active in both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland.
Which of the following is NOT associated with Margaret Thatcher?
Socialism
Which of the following groups of women advocated militant action in favor of the vote?
Suffragettes
Which of the following groups were at the heart of the racial conflict in London that led to the Notting Hill Riots?
Teddy Boys
World Cup 1966
The 1966 FIFA World Cup was the eighth FIFA World Cup and was held in England from 11 to 30 July 1966. England beat West Germany 4-2 in the final, winning the Jules Rimet Trophy. It is England's only FIFA World Cup title. -brining back nationalism
Brixton Riots
The 1981 Brixton riot, or Brixton uprising,[1] was a confrontation between the Metropolitan Police and protesters in Lambeth, South London, England, between 10 and 12 April 1981. The main riot on 11 April, dubbed "Bloody Saturday" tensions between the local community and the police in Brixton escalated to riots after police stopped a motorist believing the car he was driving was stolen. During the arrest, youths gathered around the area, which resulted in the police bringing in officers in riot gear.
IRA Hunger Strikes
The 1981 Irish hunger strike was the culmination of a five-year protest during The Troubles by Irish republican prisoners in Northern Ireland. The protest began as the blanket protest in 1976, when the British government withdrew Special Category Status for convicted paramilitary prisoners.
Commonwealth Immigration Acts
The Act specified that all Commonwealth citizens without a connection to the UK (including Citizens of the United Kingdom and Colonies (CUKCs) who were not born in the UK and not holding a British passport issued by the British government) were subject to immigration control. Commonwealth citizens who were residing in the UK or who had resided in the UK at any point from 1960 to 1962 were exempted, as well as CUKCs and Commonwealth citizens holding a passport issued by the British government or who were born in the UK. The exemption also applied to wives and children under 16 of these people, or any person included on these people's passports.
aliens act of 1905
The Aliens Act 1905 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. The Act for the first time introduced immigration controls and registration, and gave the Home Secretary overall responsibility for immigration and nationality matters.
Atomic Age
The Atomic Age, also known as the Atomic Era, is the period of history following the detonation of the first nuclear bomb, Trinity, on July 16, 1945, during World War II.
Battle of Britain
The Battle of Britain was a military campaign of the Second World War, in which the Royal Air Force defended the United Kingdom against large-scale attacks by Nazi Germany's air force, the Luftwaffe. It has been described as the first major military campaign fought entirely by air forces
The Beatles
The Beatles were an English rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960. D the group spoke out against racial segregation in the country at the time, particularly in the South. When informed that the venue for their 11 September concert, the Gator Bowl in Jacksonville, Florida, was segregated, the Beatles said they would refuse to perform unless the audience was integrated they became a catalyst for bohemianism and activism in various social and political arenas, fuelling movements such as women's liberation, gay liberation and environmentalism.
Beveridge Report Welfare State
The Beveridge Report, officially entitled Social Insurance and Allied Service is a government report, published in November 1942, influential in the founding of the welfare state in the United Kingdom. -It was drafted by the Liberal economist William Beveridge, who proposed widespread reforms to the system of social welfare to address what he identified as five "Giant Evils" in society - squalor, ignorance, want, idleness, and disease. Published in the midst of World War II, -the report promised rewards for everyone's sacrifices. Overwhelmingly popular with the public, it formed the basis for the post-war reforms known as the Welfare State, which include the expansion of National Insurance and the creation of the National Health Service.
Which of the following, developed in 1961, helped to transform sexual behavior and contribute to the sexual revolution?
The Birth Control Pill
British Nationalities Act/1948
The British Nationality Act 1948 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that created the status of "Citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies" (CUKC) as the national citizenship of the United Kingdom and its colonies.
Royal Ascot
The centerpiece of Ascot's year is held in June: Royal Ascot is without doubt the world's most famous race meeting, steeped in history dating back to 1711. The royal family attend the meeting, arriving each day in a horse-drawn carriage. It is a major event in the British social calendar.
In the "Iron Curtain" speech, Winston Churchill sought to drive home the importance of what he called the "Special Relationship." In doing so, he mentioned an important American document, along with the Magna Carta. What was this?
The Declaration of Independence
What was the name of the ship that brought Jamaicans to London in 1948?
The Empire Windrush
European Economic Community
The European Economic Community was a regional organisation which aimed to bring about economic integration among its member states. It was created by the Treaty of Rome of 1957. Upon the formation of the European Union in 1993, the EEC was incorporated and renamed as the European Community the union's purpose is to promote peace, establish a unified economic and monetary system, promote inclusion and combat discrimination, break down barriers to trade and borders, encourage technological and scientific developments, champion environmental protection, .
Festival of Britain
The Festival of Britain was intended as a 'tonic for the nation', a spectacular cultural event to raise the spirits of a country still in the grasp of austerity and rationing, and undergoing severe social and economic reform.
Ford Sewing Machinists Strike
The Ford sewing machinists strike of 1968 was a landmark labour-relations dispute in the United Kingdom. It was a trigger cause of the passing of the Equal Pay Act 1970. The Dagenham sewing machinists walked out when, as part of a regrading exercise, they were informed that their jobs were graded in Category B (less skilled production jobs), instead of Category C (more skilled production jobs), and that they would be paid 15% less than the full B rate received by men. At the time it was common practice for companies to pay women less than men, irrespective of the skills involved
The Festival of Britain marked the centennial of an important event in the nineteenth century. What was this?
The Great Exhibition of 1851
Iron Curtain Speech
The Iron Curtain refers to the sphere of influence that the Soviet Union had among eight communist states of Central and Eastern Europe during the Cold War. Churchill's speech is considered significant; the first time there had been an announcement of the beginning of the Cold War.
(National Insurance Act/National Health Act)
The National Insurance Act 1911 created National Insurance, originally a system of health insurance for industrial workers in Great Britain based on contributions from employers, the government, and the workers themselves. It was one of the foundations of the modern welfare state.
Notting Hill Riots
The Notting Hill race riots were a series of racially motivated riots that took place in Notting Hill, England, between 29 August and 5 September 1958. are found in the migration of people from the Caribbean to London right after World War II. With the population influx Notting Hill became a more international district. Violence broke out on August 20 when property owned by Caribbean immigrants was vandalised and the owners were subject to physical harassment. The violence quickly escalated on August 24 when nine "Teddy Boys" attacked five black men in Shepherd's Bush, London, and Notting Hill leaving three seriously injured. The wave of unrest spread up to the Midlands city of Nottingham, where there was rioting for two weeks
The Speech "I Warn You" by Neil Kinnock says that many groups in Britain should be afraid of Thatcher's rise. Which group did Kinnock NOT address? (This speech is found in the readings).
The Rich
Toxteth Riots
The Toxteth riots of July 1981 were a civil disturbance in Toxteth, inner-city Liverpool, which arose in part from long-standing tensions between the local police and the black community. They followed the Brixton riots earlier that year
Revolution/Lady Chatterly's Lover
The book soon became notorious for its story of the physical (and emotional) relationship between a working class man and an upper class woman, its explicit descriptions of sex, and its use of then-unprintable words.
Which of the following is associated with the Royal Ascot?
The death of Emily Wilding Davison The musical, "My Fair Lady" The fashions of the Edwardian Era
Poll Tax
The principle of the council tax was that everyone would pay the same. Whether you were wealthy or low paid, you received the same council services so. Therefore, the argument went, you should pay the same amount. The problem was that if the poll tax was £500, it could be a high % of a wasn't willing workers disposable income. Another problem with the poll tax was that the amount could vary widely from one borough to another. Some rich boroughs were able to charge very low poll tax; others charged a very high %.
What was decolonization?
The process by which British colonies and dominions claimed their independence from the British Empire
Robbins Report
The report recommended immediate expansion of universities, and that all colleges of advanced technology should be given the status of universities. Consequently, the number of full-time university students was to rise with "further big expansion" thereafter. The report also concluded that university places "should be available to all who were qualified for them by ability and attainment" (the so-called Robbins principle) and that such institutions should have four main "objectives essential to any properly balanced system: instruction in skills; the promotion of the general powers of the mind so as to produce not mere specialists but rather cultivated men and women; to maintain research in balance with teaching, since teaching should not be separated from the advancement of learning and the search for truth; and to transmit a common culture and common standards of citizenship."
What did Marie Stopes write about in her book Married Love?
The rhythms of women's hormonal cycles
Harold Macmillan gave his "Wind of Change" speech in Cape Town, South Africa, in 1960. What did this speech address?
The rising sentiments regarding the end of empire in Africa
London's Burning.
The song alludes to the boredom of TV and may also reflect the racial theme often treated by the band, notably in the first verse with the line: "Black or white turn it on, face the new religion".
Punk/The Sex Pistols/"God Save the Queen
The song was released during Queen Elizabeth II's Silver Jubilee in 1977. the lyrics themselves being a general expression of the band's view of the Monarchy or any individual or establishment commanding general obligation At the time it was highly controversial, firstly for its equation of the Queen with a "fascist regime" You write a song like that because you love them, and you're fed up with them being mistreated."[5] He intended to evoke sympathy for the English working class, and a general resentment towards the monarchy.
What does the story "In Clover" tell us about the experience of children's evacuation from London in World War II?
The urban children and the rural families did not always get along.
Trench Warfare
Trench warfare is a type of land warfare using occupied fighting lines consisting largely of military trenches, in which troops are well-protected from the enemy's small arms fire and are substantially sheltered from artillery. The most famous use of trench warfare is the Western Front in World War I.
Conscientious Objectors lost the vote after World War I.
True
Conscription of male soldiers began at the outset of World War II, in September 1940.
True
In contrast to the Irish Republican Army, Sinn Fein was expressly concerned with the gaining and maintaining a peaceable independence from Britain
True
The Abortion Act of 1967 did NOT extend to Northern Ireland.
True
The Commonwealth Immigration Act of 1968 favored white migrants over people of color.
True
The National Health Service provided employment opportunities for immigrants from Britain's Empire.
True
True or false: Winston Churchil was shaped by the values of the Victorian Era.
True
New Liberalism
a body of distinctive legislation on social welfare enacted between 1906 and the outbreak of World War I. Herbert Louis Samuel, Winston Churchill, and David Lloyd George were three of the government leaders most directly associated with its implementation.
Falklands War
a brief undeclared war fought between Argentina and Great Britain in 1982 over control of the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) and associated island dependencies
Wembley Empire Exhibition, 1926-27
and showcased produce and manufactured goods, arts and crafts as well as historical artefacts from each of the Dominions, the Indian Empire as well as Britain's African and Caribbean Colonies. The exhibition was also accompanied by a cultural programme and a series of conferences. Britain focused on its textiles, chemicals and engineering and was keen to emphasis its central role in ensuring progress for the whole of the Empire.
IRA
also called Provisional Irish Republican Army, republican paramilitary organization seeking the establishment of a republic, the end of British rule in Northern Ireland, and the reunification of Ireland.
Khaki Election of 1900
as held between 26 September and 24 October 1900, following the dissolution of Parliament on 25 September. Also referred to as the Khaki Election, it was held at a time when it was widely believed that the Second Boer War had effectively been won a khaki election is any national election which is heavily influenced by wartime or postwar sentiment. In the British general election of 1900, the Conservative Party government of Lord Salisbury was returned to office, defeating a disunited Liberal Party.
Irish Free State
e was a state established in 1922 under the Anglo-Irish Treaty of December 1921. That treaty ended the three-year Irish War of Independence between the forces of the self-proclaimed Irish Republic, the Irish Republican Army, and British Crown forces.
"Let us be frank about it. Most of our people have never had it so _____." Fill in the blank with the word used by Harold MacMillan to reflect the spirit of the Age of Affluenc
good
Ration Book
immediately after a war.To deal with sometimes extreme shortages, the Ministry of Food instituted a system of rationing. -To buy most rationed items, each person had to register at chosen shops, and was provided with a ration book containing coupons. The shopkeeper was provided with enough food for registered customers. -Purchasers had to take ration books with them when shopping, so that the relevant coupon or coupons could be canceled.
Kitchen Sink Drama/Paperback
is a British cultural movement that developed in the late 1950s and early 1960s in theatre, art, novels, film, and television plays, whose protagonists usually could be described as "angry young men" who were disillusioned with modern society. It used a style of social realism, which depicted the domestic situations of working class Britons, living in cramped rented accommodation and spending their off-hours drinking in grimy pubs, to explore controversial social and political issues ranging from abortion to homelessness. The harsh, realistic style contrasted sharply with the escapism of the previous generation's so-called "well-made plays".
Thatcherism (Monetarism, Privatizaiton, Victorian Values)
is a branch of Conservative ideology that originated from the ideals and teachings of Margaret Thatcher, the Prime Minister from 1979 until 1990. -Essentially, Thatcher believed in the primacy of competition and a free market, and possessed a fundamental distrust of the power of government Privatization is the process of transferring an enterprise or industry from the public sector to the private sector. The public sector is the part of the economic system that is run by government agencies. - victorian values (look at agin)
Appeasement
is a diplomatic policy of making political or material concessions to an aggressive power in order to avoid conflict.
"Zombie" by Cranberries
is a protest song by Irish rock band The Cranberries, written about the 1993 IRA bombing in Warrington, and in memory of two young victims, Johnathan Ball and Tim Parry.
Shell Shock
is a term coined in World War I to describe the type of post-traumatic stress disorder many soldiers were afflicted with during the war (before PTSD was termed). It is a reaction to the intensity of the bombardment and fighting that produced helplessness appearing variously as panic and being scared, flight, or an inability to reason, sleep, walk or talk.
Eleven Plus
is an examination administered to some students in England and Northern Ireland in their last year of primary education, which governs admission to grammar schools and other secondary schools which use academic selection. The name derives from the age group for secondary entry: 11-12 years. The examination tests a student's ability to solve problems using a test of verbal reasoning and non-verbal reasoning, with most tests now also offering papers in mathematics and English. The intention was that the eleven-plus should be a general test for intelligence similar to an IQ test, but with the addition of testing for taught curriculum skills. The test now measures aptitude for school work
Nationalization
is the process of transforming private assets into public assets by bringing them under the public ownership of a national government or state. Nationalization usually refers to private assets or assets owned by lower levels of government, such as municipalities, being transferred to the state.
Decolonization
is the undoing of colonialism, the latter being the process whereby a nation establishes and maintains its domination over one or more other territories.
Rivers of Blood" Speech"
speech was made by British Member of Parliament Enoch Powell on 20 April 1968, to a meeting of the Conservative Political Centre in Birmingham, United Kingdom. His speech strongly criticized mass immigration, especially Commonwealth immigration to the United Kingdom and the proposed Race Relations Bill.
Siegfried Sassoon
was an English poet, writer, and soldier. Decorated for bravery on the Western Front, he became one of the leading poets of the First World War. He impressed many with his bravery in the front line and was given the nickname 'Mad Jack' for his near-suicidal exploits. He was decorated twice.
Marie Stopes
was born into a middle-class Victorian family. She became a leading 20th-century campaigner for women's rights and birth control. She was highly controversial and divisive, but her influence on sexual and reproductive health remains strong over 50 years after her death. Stopes was educated as a scientist.
The Empire Marketing Board
was formed in May 1926 by the Colonial Secretary Leo Amery to promote intra-Empire trade and to persuade consumers to 'Buy Empire'
Independent Labour Party
was a British political party of the left, established in 1893, when the Liberals appeared reluctant to endorse working-class candidates, representing the interests of the majority. A sitting independent MP and prominent union organiser, Keir Hardie, became its first chairman.
Enoch Powell
was a British politician, classical scholar, author, linguist, soldier, philologist and poet. He served as a Conservative Member of Parliament (1950-1974), Powell attracted widespread attention following his 20 April 1968 address to the General Meeting of the West Midlands Area Conservative Political Centre, which became known as the "Rivers of Blood" speech. It criticized current rates of immigration into the UK, especially from the New Commonwealth, and opposed the then-proposed anti-discrimination legislation Race Relations Bill being mooted at the time
Ramsay Macdonald
was a British statesman who served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, firstly for nine months in 1924 and then again between 1929 and 1935.zthe first Labour Party prime minister of Great Britain
Margaret Thatcher
was a British stateswoman who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990 and Leader of the Conservative Party from 1975 to 1990. She was the longest-serving British prime minister of the 20th century and the first woman to hold that office. A Soviet journalist dubbed her "The 'Iron Lady'", a nickname that became associated with her uncompromising politics and leadership style. As Prime Minister, she implemented policies known as Thatcherism. One of her biggest changes was that she wanted private companies and people, and not officials, to run government-owned things like British Gas and BT (British Telecom). She believed that private companies would run the services better.
The Blitz
was a German bombing campaign against Britain in 1940 and 1941, during the Second World War. The term was first used by the British press and is the German word for 'lightning'.
Unemployment Insurance Act
was an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom. It created the dole (weekly cash unemployment benefits) system of payments to unemployed workers.[1] The Act passed at a time of very little unemployment, when the Conservatives dominated Parliament. It set up the dole system that provided 15 weeks of unemployment benefits to over 11 million workers--practically the entire civilian working population except domestic service, farm workers, railway workers, and civil servants. Funded in part by weekly contributions from both employers and employed, it provided weekly payments of 15s for unemployed men and 12s for unemployed women.
Representation of the People Bill, 1918
was an Act of Parliament passed to reform the electoral system in Great Britain and Ireland. It is sometimes known as the Fourth Reform Act.The Act extended the franchise in parliamentary elections, also known as the right to vote, to men aged 21 and over, whether or not they owned property, and to women aged 30 and over who resided in the constituency or occupied land or premises with a rateable value above £5, or whose husbands did.At the same time, it extended the local government franchise to include women aged 21 and over on the same terms as men.
British Nationalities Act 1948
was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that created the status of "Citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies" (CUKC) as the national citizenship of the United Kingdom and its colonies.
Equal Pay Act
was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that prohibited any less favourable treatment between men and women in terms of pay and conditions of employment. It was based on the Equal Pay Act of 1963 of the United States.
Voluntary Service Overseas
was founded in 1958 by Alec and Mora Dickson through a bishop's letter to the London paper,[4] The Sunday Times, as an educational experience overseas for school-leavers, initially only male, before starting university. Volunteers offered unskilled help in return for basic accommodation and pocket money. In 1962, the practice changed to using university graduate volunteers.
Election of 1983
was held on Thursday 9 June 1983. It gave the Conservative Party under the leadership of Margaret Thatcher the most decisive election victory since that of the Labour Party in 1945. zthatcher's first four years as Prime Minister had not been an easy time.Unemployment increased during the first three years of her premiership and the economy went through a recession. However, the British victory in the Falklands War led to a recovery of her personal popularity; the economy had also returned to growth. By the time Thatcher called the election in May 1983, the Conservatives were most people's firm favourites to win the general election. The Labour Party had been led by Michael Foot since the resignation of former Prime Minister James Callaghan in 1980. They had fared well in opinion polls and local elections during this time, but issues developed which would lead directly to their defeat.
Appeasement(Neville Chamberlain)
was the British prime minister who believed in appeasement. In 1938, Germans living in the border areas of Czechoslovakia relinquishing the region to the Nazis.The Czechs refused and Hitler threatened war.
Winter of Discontent
was the winter of 1978-79 in the United Kingdom, during which there were widespread strikes by public sector trade unions demanding larger pay rises, following the ongoing pay caps of the Labour Party government led by James Callaghan against Trades Union Congress opposition to control inflation, during the coldest winter for 16 years
Zombie and Black Boys on Mopeds
was written about police brutality in the UK.
Suez Crisis
when Britain along with France and Israel invaded Egypt to recover control of the Suez Canal, was arguably one of the most significant episodes in post-1945 British history. It's outcome highlighted Britain's declining status and confirmed it as a 'second tier' world power.