The Transformation of Europe

The population of Europe grew dramatically in the seventeenth century because of A.) Improved nutrition, with new American food crops. B.) The development of the first immunizations for smallpox and plague. C.) Improved public health and sanitation. D.) All these answers are correct.

A.) Improved nutrition, with new American food crops

Which of these is an impact of the Enlightenment? A.) Promoted progress and prosperity B.) Increased population growth C.) Made people become more influenced by religion D.) Established laws that governed the universe

A.) Promoted progress and prosperity

Who benefited most from the religious controversy generated by the Reformation? A.) The people, because they had religious freedom B.) Centralizing monarchs, because they gained more independent authority C.) The Catholic church, because it gained more committed supporters D.) The Islamic empires, because Europe was divided and weakened

B.) Centralizing monarchs, because they gained more independent authority

New institutions that supported early capitalism included all of the following EXCEPT A.) Banks and lending institutions. B.) Craft guilds. C.) Stock exchanges. D) Joint-stock companies.

B.) Craft guilds

Which of the following was NOT part of Charles V's holdings? A.) Austria B.) England C.) The Netherlands D.) Hungary E.) Spain

B.) England

Galileo's discoveries would not have been possible without A.) The printing press. B.) The telescope. C.) The astrolabe. D.) The development of calculus.

B.) The telescope

What was the principle work of the Society of Jesus (the Jesuits)? A.) To expose witches and heretics B.) To be disciplined, educated representatives of the church throughout the world C.) To be soldiers for Jesus in the battle against Protestants D.) To direct the court of the Inquisition on behalf of the pope

B.) To be disciplined, educated representatives of the church throughout the world

The Spanish Inquisition relied on religious justifications to advance what political end? A.) Increasing the revenues for the Spanish crown B.) Raising a vast army for Spain C.) Discouraging the Spain nobles from adopting Protestantism D.) None of these answers is correct.

C.) Discouraging the Spain nobles from adopting Protestantism

Martin Luther's criticism of the Roman Catholic Church was MOSTLY aided by A.) Local newspapers B.) Active guilds and artisans C.) The printing press D.) All of these

C.) The printing press

The new monarchs were characterized by all of the following EXCEPT A.) Standing professional armies. B.) Increased state revenues through taxes. C.) Enhanced power at the expense of the nobles. D.) A commitment to individual liberty.

D.) A commitment to individual liberty

What political motivation encouraged the spread of Protestantism? A.) Protestantism provided people an opportunity to overthrow monarchies. B.) Protestantism encouraged people to claim their individual rights. C.) Protestantism encouraged militarism in European nations. D.) Protestantism provided monarchs an opportunity to break away from the political domination of Rome.

D.) Protestantism provided monarchs an opportunity to break away from the political domination of Rome.

Which individual is incorrectly paired with a scientific discovery? A.) Newton and the principle of gravity B.) Galileo and the principle of inertia C.) Copernicus and the sun-centered model of the universe D.) Ptolemy and the moons of Jupiter

D.) Ptolemy and the moons of Jupiter

The Thirty Years War began when A.) The pope tried to force his subjects to return to the Catholic Church B.) Elizabeth I attempted to force Protestantism on Spain C.) Charles V attempted to imprison Martin Luther D.) The Holy Roman emperor tried to force his Bohemian subjects to returned to Catholicism

D.) The Holy Roman emperor tried to force his Bohemian subjects to returned to Catholicism

Charles V was unable to forge a united empire for all of the following reasons EXCEPT that A.) the Lutheran challenge sapped much of his attention. B.) French kings undermined his efforts and allied themselves with his enemies. C.) there was no central administration to the empire; each state was governed separately. D.) his empire was geographically fragmented. E.) he alienated the pope for failing to crush Luther.

E.) he alienated the pope for failing to crush Luther.