Traditional Logic Chapter 4

Explain what a predicate is as we use it in judgment.

A predicate is what we are saying about the subject; it is what we are affirming or denying about it.

Explain what a subject is as we use it in judgment.

A subject is that about which we are saying something; it is the concept about which we affirming or denying something.

True or false: "Just do it" is a proposition.

False. "Just do it" is not a proposition, it is an Imperative.

True or false: A subject-term must have at least two words.

False. A subject-term must have at least one word.

True or false:A judgment unites two concepts.

False. Judgment is the act by which the intellect unites by affirming, or seperates by denying.

True or false:Judgment is the third part of the study of logic.

False. Judgment is the second part of the study of logic.

True or false: The subject and the copula are united by the predicate.

False. The subject and the predicate are united by the copula.

True or false: The subject of the sentence "Man is not God" is 'God'.

False. The subject of the sentence "Man is not God" is 'Man'.

True or false: The subject of the sentence "Man is animal" is 'animal'.

False. The subject of the sentence "Man is not animal" is 'Man'.

True or false: The three elements of any proposition are the subject, the predicate, and the copula.

False. The three elements of any proposition are the subject-term, the predicate-term, and the copula.

In any proposition, what are the two concepts which we unite by affirming or separate by denying?

In any proposition, the two concepts which we unite by affirming or seperate by denying are the subject and the predicate.

What are we affirming about the subject in the proposition "Man is an animal"?

In the proposition "Man is an animal", we are affirming that man is an animal.

What are we denying about the subject in the proposition "Man is not God"?

In the proposition "Man is not God", we are denying that man is God.

In the sentence "Man is an animal," what two things are we uniting by affirming?

In the sentence "Man is an animal" we are uniting by affirming the two concepts 'man' and 'animal'.

In the sentence "Man is not God," what two things are we separating by denying?

In the sentence "Man is not God" we are seperating denying the two concepts 'man' from the concept 'God'.

In the previous chapter, we discussed simple apprehension. What are we discussing in this chapter?

In this chapter, we are discussing judgment.

Judgment is the what part of the study of logic?

Judgment is the second part of the study of logic.

What does judgment unites (or separate)?

Judgment unites or separates two concepts.

Logical or not Logical: Peter is a man.

Logical

Logical or not logical: Home is where the heart is.

Logical

Logical or not logical: I am the way and the truth and the life.

Logical

Logical or not logical: My nose is big.

Logical

Logical or not logical: Peter is big.

Logical

Logical or not logical: Roses are red.

Logical

Logical or not logical: Three's a crowd.

Logical

Is the sentence "Hello!" a proposition?

No, it is a exclamatory statement

Is the sentence "Oh, wow!" a proposition?

No, it is a exclamatory statement

Is the sentence "Don't feed the animals" a proposition?

No, it is a imperative

Is the sentence "Just do it" a proposition?

No, it is a imperative statement

Is the sentence "How are you today?" a proposition?

No, it is a interrogative

Is the sentence "How many ducks do you have?" a proposition?

No, it is a interrogative

Is the sentence "Who is the President of the United States" a proposition?

No, it is a interrogative

Is the sentence "Where in the world is Carmen San Diego?" a proposition?

No, it is a interrogative statement

Logical or not logical: He that seeth me seeth Him that sent me.

Not logical. He is the person who sent me.

Logical or not logical: I like it.

Not logical. I am liking it.

Logical or not logical: Man thinks.

Not logical. Man is able to think.

Explain what the predicate-term is.

Predicate-term is the verbal expression of the predicate of a judgment.

What kind of sentences are not propositions?

Questions, commands, exclamations, and greetings are sentences that are not propositions.

Tell what each of the following letters stands for: S= P= C=

S=subject-term P=predicate-term C=copula

Give six examples of sentences that are not propositions.

Six sentences that are not propositions are "Goodbye", "How are you?", "Eat your dinner", "Come on", "Is it raining?", and "Is it hot outside?".

Explain what the subject-term is.

Subject-term is the verbal expression of the subject of a judgment.

Write the subject-term, predicate-term, and copula for the proposition "I am the Son of God".

Subject-term=I Predicate-term=the Son of God Copula=am

Write the subject-term, predicate-term, and copula for the proposition "I am the vine".

Subject-term=I Predicate-term=the vine Copula=am

Write the subject-term, predicate-term, and copula for the proposition "My kingdom is not of this world".

Subject-term=My kingdom Predicate-term=of this world Copula-is

Write the subject-term, predicate-term, and copula for the proposition "Peter is a man".

Subject-term=Peter Predicate-term=a man Copula=is

Write the subject-term, predicate-term, and copula for the proposition "You are the branches".

Subject-term=You Predicate-term=the branches Copula=are

Write the subject-term, predicate-term, and copula for the proposition "two and two are four".

Subject-term=two and two Predicate-term=four Copula=are

What is the best way to change a sentence that is not in logical form into one that is in logical form?

The best way to change a sentence that is not logical form into one that is in logical form is to rework the predicate-copula portion of the proposition so that it has a form of the verb to be and a relative clause.

Explain what the copula is.

The copula is the word in the proposition that connects or relates the subject to the predicate. The copula is some form of the verb 'to be'. The copula is usually expressed by 'is' or 'are'.

What is the definition of 'judgment'?

The definition of judgment is the act by which the intellect unites by affirming, or seperates by denying.

How many words must the predicate-term have?

The predicate-term must have at least one word.

What is the proper definition of 'proposition'?

The proper definition of proposition is a sentence or statement which expresses truth or falsity.

What is the subject and predicate in the judgment expressed by the proposition "Man is an animal"?

The subject in the judgment expressed by the proposition "Man is an animal" is 'man'. The predicate in the judgment expressed by the proposition "Man is an animal" is 'animal'.

What is the subject and predicate in the judgment expressed by the proposition "Man is not God".

The subject of the judgment expressed by the proposition "Man is not God" is 'man'. The predicate in the judgment expressed by the proposition "Man is not God" is 'God'.

How many words must the subject-term have?

The subject-term must have at least one word.

What are the three elements of any proposition?

The three elements of any proposition are the subject-term, the predicate-term, and the copula.

Give three examples of sentences that are propositions.

Three sentences that are propositions are "Dogs are not human", "Dogs are an animal", "Cats are not human".

How do you determine whether a proposition is in logical form?

To determine whether or not a proposition is in logical form you have to ask "Does this sentence have a subject-term, predicate-term, and a copula that are easily determined?".

True or false: A proposition is the verbal expression of a judgment.

True

True or false: Questions are not propositions.

True

True or false:"All dogs go to heaven" is a proposition.

True

What do we call the verbal expression of a judgment?

We call the verbal expression of a judgment the proposition.

What do we call the verbal expression of a simple apprehension?

We call the verbal expression of a simple apprehension the term.

Is the sentence "All dogs go to heaven" a proposition?

Yes

Is the sentence "Barney is the President of the United States" a proposition?

Yes

Is the sentence "Barney(the purple dinosaur) is a man" a proposition?

Yes

Is the sentence "No purple dinosaurs go to heaven" a proposition?

Yes

Is the sentence "Peter is a man" a proposition?

Yes

Is the sentence "Peter is not a duck" a proposition?

Yes

Is the sentence "Peter is not a man" a proposition?

Yes

Is the sentence "That's a fine duck you have there" a proposition?

Yes

Is the sentence "The postman never rings twice" a proposition?

Yes

Is the sentence "There was three thousand purple ducks found on Mars" a proposition?

Yes