Western Civilization Post Test Questions
After Muhammad's death, Muslim scholars drew up the shari'ah, which is
A code that provides believers with practical laws to regulate their daily lives
Mansa Musa caused Timbuktu to become
An intellectual capital of the Muslim World
How did people in the Fertile Crescent adapt to their environment?
By using irrigation and drainage
The pope's behavior during the Great Schism caused people like John Wyclif and John Hus to
Criticize the popes for their corruption and abuse of power
Harmony with nature and the universal order are beliefs of
Daoism
Which leader of the Persian Empire expanded it into the largest empire the world yet seen?
Darius
Hammurabi is remembered for
Established a collection of laws for Mesopotamian society
Cyrus the Great showed such wisdom and compassion when he conquered Babylon that
Everyone excepted him as a ruler
Martin Luther believed that salvation could be achieved through
Faith alone
Hieratic script, a simplified version of Egyptian hieroglyphic writing, was used
For business transactions, record keeping, and the general needs of daily life
How did Gregory the Great strengthen the papacy?
He took control of Rome and surrounding territories, which gave the papacy a source of political power
what did Charlemagne do that merged Roman, Christian, and German elements in his kingdom?
He, a German king, was crowned emperor of the Romans by the pope
The conquests of Alexander the Great gave rise to the
Hellenistic era, during which the Greek language and Greek ideas spread to the non-Greek world
who were the first hominids to make fires deliberately?
Homo Sapiens
Brahma, the Creator, Vishnu the Preserver, and Shiva the Destroyer are the three chief
Human like gods in Hinduism
the first great Burmese state, Pagan, adopted
Indian institutions
Joan of Arc brought the Hundred Years War to a decisive turning point by
Inspiring the French with her faith
who was appointed dictator after defeating Pompey?
Julius Caesar
The reforms of Christianity
Laid the foundations of democracy
The first Han emperor discarded
Legalism and adopted Confucianism
The founder of Han dynasty was
Liu Pang, a man of peasant origin
Which four kingdoms emerged following Alexander the Great's death?
Macedonia, Syria, Pergamum, and Egypt
The school of Buddhism that defines Nirvana as not just a release from the "wheel of life", but a true heaven is
Mahayana
A civilization in the Eastern Mediterranean that built structures to the labyrinth of King Minos was the
Minoan Civilization
Which of the following was the first Greek state?
Mycenae
The Peloponnesian War, which began in 431 B.C. was a result of
Ongoing disputes between the Athenians and the Spartans
One way that Buddhism differed from Hinduism was Buddhists believed that
People should be responsible for their own lives
By 750 B.C., the _____ became the central focus of Greek life
Polis
The final decrees of the Council of Trent
Reaffirmed traditional Catholic teachings in opposition to Protestant beliefs
Herodotus wrote that what is considered to be the first
Real history in Western Civilization
Marius changed Rome's military recruitment system by
Recruiting the landless poor
Gupta rulers earned large profits from
Religious trade
Who said that "the unexamined life is not worth living"?
Socrates
The first empire in world history was
The Akkadian empire
The priestly class of Ancient Indian society were
The Brahmans
Confucius believed that people should be governed by
The Five Constant Relationships
The vikings were made part of European civilization by
The Frankish policy of setting them and converting them to Christianity
Because trade brought new civilizations into contract with one another
The transfer of new technology often occurred
How did monks and nuns help to spread Christianity of prayer?
Through missionary activities
who attempted to redistribute land to the poor with disastrous results
Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus
At the heart of feudalism was
Vassalage, which meant warriors, swore loyalty to a lord, who in turn took care of their needs
In Athens, during the Age of Pericles, every male citizen
Was eligible to vote on all major issues
Through the achievements of Muslim scholars, Europeans
Were able to read the works of Aristotle and other Greek philosophers
One of the Five Pillars of Islam, the hajj is
a pilgrimage to Makkah
Petrarch is considered the father of Italian Renaissance humanism because he
helped spread classical ideals by reviving forgotten Latin manuscripts
The Assyrians had the first large armies who carried weapons made of
iron
During his reign, Asoka
set up hospitals for people and animals
Siddhartha Gautama accepted the idea of reincarnation, but he rejected
the division of human beings into rigidly defined castes
In "The Prince", Machiavelli argues that
the end justify the means
Dominic de Guzman believed the best way to attack heresy was
to form a new religious order of men who lived lives of poverty and preached effectively