Wrist, Hand, Fingers
What carpal bones are in the distal row?
Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, hamate
What is radial flexion/deviation?
abduction.. movement of thumb side of hand toward lateral aspect or radial side of forearm
extensor digitorum muscle do
extension of 2nd, 3rd, 4th 5th phalanges at metacarpophalangeal joints - extension of wrist - weak extension of elbow (bc it croses elbow joint)
extensor indicis muscle do
extension of index finger at mcp joint - wrist flexion
extensor digiti minimi muscle do?
extension of little finger at mcp joint - weak wrist extension/weak elbow extension
extensor pollicis brevis muscle do?
extension of thumb at cmc & mcp joint - weak wrist extension - wrist abduction
what does extensor carpi radialis brevis do
extension of wrist and abduction of wrist
wrist extension agonists
extensor carpi radialis longus extensor carpi radialis brevis extensor carpi ulnaris extensor digitorum extensor indicis extensor digiti minimi extensor pollicis longus extensor pollicis brevis
phalangeal extension agonist
extensor digitorum extensor indicis extensor digiti minimi extensor pollicis longus extensor pollicis brevis
what does felxor digitorum profundus muscle do
finger flexion of 4 fingers. - wrist flexion
flexor digitorum superficialis muscle do
flexion of fingers at metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints - wrist flexion
What movements are possible at the wrist joint?
flexion, extension, abduction, adduction
wrist flexion agonists
flexor carpi radialis - flexor carpi ulnaris -palmaris longus -flexor digitorum superficialis -flexor digitorum profundus -flexor pollicis longus
wrist abduction agonists?
flexor carpi radialis extensor carpi radialis longus extensor carpi radialis brevis abductor pollicis longus extensor pollicis longus extensor pollicis brevis
wrist adduction agonist
flexor carpi ulnaris extensor carpi ulnaris
phalangeal flexion agonist
flexor digitorum superficialis flexor digitorum profundus flexor pollicis longus
What planes and axis do these occur in?
frontal, saggital,(?????)
What is the classification, type, and name of the two joints in the thumb (that we talked about in class-MCP,IP)? Make sure to know what movements are possible at each joint at the thumb.
interphalangeal (IP) Type: hinge metacarpophalangeal (MCP) type: hinge (MOVEMENTS????)
What is adduction (ulnar flexion/deviation?)
movement of little finger side of hand toward medial aspect or ulnar side of forearm
What is opposition?
movement of thumb across palmar aspect to oppose any or all of the phalanges
What is reposition?
movement of thumb as it returns to anatomical position from opposition with hand and/or fingers
What is carpal tunnel syndrome?
pinching of median nerve
What carpal bone is most commonly injured?
scaphoid
What exercises will help carpal tunnel syndrome?
stretch those wrist extensors and flexors
what does flexor pollicis longus muscle do
thumb flexion - wrist flexion - abduction of wrist
What forms the carpal tunnel arch (what ligaments?)
transverse carpal & volar carpal ligaments
what does extensor carpi radialis longus muscle do
wrist extension / abduction of wrist
what does extensor carpi ulnaris do?
wrist extension, adduction of wrist together with flexor carpi ulnaris
What does flexor carpi ulnaris muscle do?
wrist flexion adductino of wrist, together with extensor carpi ulnaris
How many phalanges in each hand?
14
Know how many joints are in the thumb (remember we only talked about two, not the cmc)
2
How many bones are in each hand? How many bones are in each hand including radius + ulna?
29 bones including radius + ulna. 27 bones in hand
How many joints are in each finger?
3 joints
How many joints are in each finger vs thumb?
3 joints in finger. thumb has 2 joints
How many metacarpal bones are in each hand?
5
How many carpal bones are in each hand?
8 carpal bones
What bones make up the wrist joint?
??????
What abducts thumb AND wrist?
Abductor pollicis longus
What is the structural and functional classification, type, and anatomical name of the wrist joint?
Anatomical name: Radiocarpal joint Functional classification: Diarthrodial Structural: Synovial Type: Condyloid
What is the classification, type, and name of each joint in the finger?
Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) ---------------------- Type: Condyloid Proximal interphalangeal (PIP) Type: Hinge Distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints Type: Hinge
What are the names of each of the carpal bones?
Scaphoid, Lunate, Capitate, Hamate, Pisiform, Trapezium, Triquetrum, Trapezoid
What carpal bones are in the proximal row?
Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, Pisiform
What does palmaris longus muscle do?
- Wrist flexion (anterior side)
abductor pollicis longus muscle
- abduction of thumb at cmc joint - abduction of wrist -
extensor pollicis longus muscle do?
- extension of thumb at carpometacarpal , mcp & ip joint wrist extension -abduction of wrist
What does Flexor Carpi Radialis do?
-Flexion of wrist - Abduction of wrist (radial deviation)
Know all the muscles of the wrist, hand, and fingers and their actions. (DONT WORRY ABOUT MUSCLES THAT PERFORM WEAK FLEXION OR EXTENSION OF THE ELBOW)
...
What actions can cause carpal tunnel syndrome?
1) flexors are put on stretch 2) contracting in flexion
What are the primary wrist extensors?
Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor carpi ulnaris
What does wrist and phalangeal extension?
Extensor digitorum Extensor indicis Extensor digiti minimi Extensor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis brevis Abductor pollicis longus
What are the extensors?
Extensor digitorum Extensor indicis Extensor digiti minimi Extensor pollicis longus (thumb extensor) Extensor pollicis brevis (thumb extensor)
Make sure to know what movements are possible at each joint in the finger.
Flexion + extension MCP joints also abduct & adduct
What muscles abduct the wrist?
Flexor carpi radialis Extensor carpi radialis longus/brevis Abductor pollicis longus extensor pollicis longus extensor pollicis brevis
What muscles ADduct the wrist?
Flexor carpi ulnaris Extensor carpi ulnaris
What are the primary movers of phalanges (flexors)?
Flexor digitorum superficialis Flexor digitorum profundus Flexor pollicis longus (thumb flexor)
Know the names of the individual phalanges (proximal, middle, distal)
Proximal phalanges, intermediate phalanges, distal phalanges
