Anatomy - Chapter 11: The Cardiovascular System
the condition of swollen vein (defects) is called _____________________
"Varicose veins"
______________________ help send electrical impulses to the body
Purkinje fibers
which node is the "pacemaker"
SA node
How does its (pulmonary valve) action differ from that of the atrioventricular valve (AV) valve?
The AV valves separte the atrium and the ventricles, and the pulmonary valve separates ventricles from the arteries.
Why do you suppose these differences (thick walls) exists? (between the superior VC and the aorta)
The superior VC brings blood into the heart, so it does not need as thick of walls. The aorta function is to transport blood to the entire body, therefore the walls need to be thicker and the diameter of the holes needs to be larger.
the largest artery is the ________-
aorta
These blood vessels carry blood away from the heart
arteries
____________ pump blood away from the heart
arteries
the blood vessel with a higher blood pressure is the ____________
arteries
these vessels have thicker walls
arteries
_________ have thicker walls than ________
arteries, veins
the aorta is classified as one of these vessels
artery
why is the left ventricle thicker?
because it pumps blood to the rest of the body, not just to the lungs like the right ventricle does
the pressure put on blood vessels is called _____________________
blood pressure
pulmonary arteries transport: a. oxygenated blood to the lungs b. blood rich carbon dioxide to the lungs c. oxygenated blood directly to the aorta d. oxygenated blood directly to the aorta e. blood rich in carbon dioxide to the right atrium of the heart
blood rich carbon dioxide to the lungs
Low heartbeat = __________________
bradycardia
Purkinje fibers (which help send electrical impulses to the body) branch off of ________________________
bundle branches
the cycle of the heartbeat is called the __________ ____________
cardiac cycle
the amount of blood pumped out of each ventricle is called ________________________
cardiac output
the sound the heart makes (lub-dub) is a result of the ______________________________
closing of the valves
the myocardium is nourished by the ______________________ (specific type of blood vessels)
coronary artery
The 2 types of the measure of blood pressure are _____________ and _______________
diastolic, systolic
The ___________ lines the tissues in the heart
endocardium
Heart quivers are also called ______________
frivilation
what is the job of capillaries?
gas exchange
The condition that results when the AV node is blocked from the ventricle is called a _______________________
heart block
The lack of blood to the heart muscle is called _______________
ischemia
why is the SA node called the pacemaker?
it paces the heart's rhythm
Pulmonary veins give fresh blood from the lungs to the __________________
left atrium
pulmonary circulation involves blood flow to and from the heart and the: a. body b. digestuve organs c. skin d. lungs e. brain
lungs
the heart is situated within the medial section of the thoracic cavity known as the: a. mediastinum b. hiatus c. pleural cavity d. hilus e. diaphragm
mediastinum
the bulk of the heart is made up of _____________ tissue
myocardium
coronary arteries are located on the ___________ of the heart
outside
Which one of the following blood vessels carries oxygenated blood? a. superior vena cava b. inferior vena cava c. coronary sinus d. pulmonary artery e. pulmonary vein
pulmonary vein (oxy-blood from lungs -> heart)
which vessels return oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heart? a. pulmonary arteries b. superior vena cava c. aorta d. pulmonary veins c. inferior vena cava
pulmonary veins
the tricuspid valve is located between the: a. right atrium and left atrium b. right atrium and right ventricle c. left ventricle and pulmonary artery d. left ventricle and aorta e. right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk
right atrium and right ventricle
longitudinally, the heart chambers are divided by the __________
septum
High heartbeat = _______________________
tachycardia
Which is larger (the holes of the aorta or superior vena cava)?
the holes of the aorta
Which ventricle is thicker?
the left
what is the function of valves?
to prevent the backflow of blood
These blood vessels return blood to the heart
veins
____________ pump blood towards the heart
veins
due to low pressure in these vessels, skeletal muscle activity aids the return of blood by milking it along in these vessels toward the heart
veins
some of these larger vessels have valves to prevent backflow
veins
superior & inferior vena cava are classified as these types of vessels
veins
the blood vessel that contains valves is the __________
veins
these vessels have thinner walls and transport oxygen-poor blood
veins
the largest vein is the _________________-
vena cava (inferior)
How many flaps does the atrioventricular valve have?
3
The heart has how many chambers?
4
there are _____ valves in the heart
4