art final
ovid
1st century AD author who wrote the Metamorphoses
virtrvius
1st century BC architect who wrote the 10 books on architecture
Donatello
1st full scale nude sense antiquity
long heavy braids
A characteristic of an archaic statue is
Cornthian columns
Acanthus-leaf
true
Achilles was a hero of the Trojan War
Karl Marx
Author of The Communist Manifesto, believed art is linked to its social context
The meaning of B.C.
Before Christ
Spain
Diego Velazquezwas the court painter for which European court
turner
English landscapes depicted in a swirl of paint
Wattle and Daub
Etruscan Temples are made of what type of materials
Sir Arthur Evans
Excavated at Knossos
Poseidon
God of the sea
Chrselepantine
Gold and Ivory
Herodotos
Greek Historian that thought the Etruscans came from Lydia
el greco
Greek man who painted in Spain, and was influenced by Byzantine art and Christian mysticism
cezanne
His landscapes are based in geometry with prominent brushstrokes and strong defining lines (clarity of edge, as your book puts it).
true
Images of Assyrian kings hunting lions represented their power over their enemies
image
In art, the word icon means
contrapposto
In the Greek Classical, sculptures begin to look natural in part to their natural stance, ______, in which the right leg bends forward at the knee so that the left leg appears to hold the body's weight. The torso shifts, and the right hip and shoulder are lowered.
small genre scenes
Jan Vermeer specialized in paintings that were
A.D.
Latin for "in the year of our Lord"
Charlemagne
Manuscript was commissioned during the rein of which ruler
Diego Rivera
Mexican Artist who was a Marxist and was married to Frida Kahlo
Ghirlandaio
Michelangelo's teacher
true fresco or boun fresco
Michelangelos sistine chapel paintings were done in what medium
Jean Baptiste Colbert
Minister of louis XIV, helped to establish the french academy
Kazimir Malevich
Pure feeling through pure form
Piet Mondrian
Purity of primary colors and love of the Rectangles
Pont-du-Gard
Roman Aqueduct built by Marcus Agrippa
centrally planned church
San Vitale
Herakles/Hercules
Son of Zues, carries a lion ski and a club
lion
St. Mark
interchangeable architectural pieces
Tall buildings like the Eiffel Tower and the Wainwright Building were made practical by the invention of the what mechanical device?
the Persian destruction of Athens
The Classical Period begins with the
doric
The Parthenon is an example of a ______________ Temple
Filippo Brusnelleschi
The architect that produced sculpture such as Santo Spirito in Florence that was based on harmonious proportion and symmetry was:
linear perspective
The mathematical systems used to make an object appear to be three dimensional on a two dimensional surface is known as
Akhenaton
The pharaoh who changed the religion of Egypt and was later labeled a heretic
Panhellenic
The term that refers to all the greeks is
Hammurabi
The writer of the first lawcodes was
Caryatids
What are the female figures that act as columns on the Erechtheion
melted down to be made into weapons
What were Greek bronze statues used for in the Middle Ages?
Mesopotamia
Where would you go to find a ziggurat?
Hatshepsut
Which pharaoh was a woman
Martyrium
a church that is built over a grave of martyr
faience
a fired glass paste
Le Corbusier
a machine for living
patron
a person who commissions a work of art
crusades
a seires of holy wars from 1095 to the 15th century
donatello
after beheading goliath standing on the head
thomas jefferson
architect influenced by roman gaul
Frank Lloyd Wright
architecture should be integrated with the landscape
What does C or circa stand for
around or approximately
representational
art depicts recognizable natural forms or created objects
Kandinsky
artist who is typically credited for starting abstraction without the use of figures
Michelangelo
before the battle with Goliath
X
beginning of Christ's Greek name and reference to the crucifixion
relics
bones or belongings of holy individuals
manet
both a realist and impressionist painter, influenced by Titan
Fall and salvation of man
bronze doors of saint michael at hildesheim
Abbot Suger
builder of the first gothic church
Raphael
buried at his request in the Patheon
Genre scenes
celebrated daily life, popular after the reformation in the north
San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane
church in the shape of an oval
compound pier
clusters of collonettes used to support Gothic vaults
Frigidarium
cold room
Saffron
comes from the Crocus flower
Pablo Picasso
considered the inventor of Cubism
brunelleschi
constructed the dome of the florence cathedral
Vigee-lebrun
court painter of Marie Antonette
Hans Holbein the Younger
court painters on Henry VIII
Lysippos
court sculptor to Alexander the Great
Polykleitos
created a classical canon of proportions
burin
cutting instruments used to create engravings
idealized
depicting an object according to an accepted standard of beauty
Bayeax tapestry
depicts the Battle of Hastings, William the Conquerer's defeat of Harold, king of England
portals
doorways of a church
Tuscan columns
doric columns with a base
bernini
during the battle with Goliath in the process of throwing the stone
Alberti
early renaissance architect that wrote books both on painting and architecture
cuneifom
early text used by Sumerians
fan vault
english gothic decorative vault
Thomas Gainsborough
english painter who did full length portraits in a rococo setting
Howard Carter
excavated the tomb of Tutankhamen
Van Gogh
expressive color to show emotion and strong since of line
Maenads
female followers of Bacchus
watteau
fetes galantes
Step pyramid of Zoser
first Egyptian pyramid
Aphrodite and Knidos
first nude of a goddess
indulgences
forgiving peoples sins for donations of money to the church
Romulus and Remus
founders of Rome
Louis XVI
french monarch beheaded at the beginning of the french revolution
Rubenistes
french painters who concentrated on color
poussinistes
french painters who concentrated on line
Impressionism
genre scenes, landscapes and the focus on color and light
hubris
greek word for pride and unrealistic ambition
Barbizon School
group of French painters that believed in painting directly from nature
Delacroix
his interest was in color or colorito vslino or disegno
constable
his landscapes focused on the details of english country life
gericault
his paintings addressed social justice and used sharp diagonals
Seurat
his technique built color through dots, called divisionism
Caldarium
hot room
dante
humanist arthor, wrote the divide comedy
vellum and parchment
illuminated manuscript pages are made of
Tomb of the leopards
illustrates a banqueting scene, something the Etruscans adopted from the Greeks
cathedrals
in the gothic period many European towns focused on the building of
build settlements and practice agriculture
in the neolithic period, people began to
formal elements
includes line, shape, space, color, light and dark
Alexander Calder
influenced the toy industry with his Mobiles
cylinder impressions
intaglio printing
Walter Gropius
integrate art and industry
pilgrimage
journey taken to holy sites to atone for one's sins
composite figures
lamassu
stele
large standing stone that conveys information
marat
leader of the french revolution
Toulouse-Lautrec
lithograph posters in which the words become part of the art
Artemision bronze
lost wax technique
according to Alberti & Durer portraiture
makes the dead seem alive
visitation
mary visits her cousin elizabeth
four evangelists
matthew, mark, luke, and john
last judgement
michelangelo painted his own portrait in which of his paintings
Venus of Willendorf
mobile art and sculpture in the round
menhirs
neolithic standing stones in Carnac, Brittany
ignudi
nude men on the sistine chapel ceiling
cimabue
often referred to as the last byzantine artist
jonah and the whale
old testament story that early Christians believed prefigured the story of Christ's death and resurrection
anthemius of tralles
one of the architects of the hagia sophia
pointed arches
one of the characteristics of gothic architecture is
Angelica Kauffmann
one of the founders of the royal academy of art in england
secondary colors
orange, purple, and green
Aaron Douglas
painter who used synthetic cubism to depict the history of his people
northern renaissance
painters preferred oil paints
cezanne and seurat
paintings based on formal and structural values
gauguin and van gogh
paintings reflect emotional content through color
grisaille
paintings that look like sculpture
typology
pairing figures and events from the old testament with those of the new testament
Line
path traced by a moving point
Marcus Aurelius
philosopher emperor whose equestrian statue is one of the few remaining examples from antiquity
Daguerreotype
photographs that could not be reproduced, and the image was reversed
Boun Fresco
pigment applied to wet plaster
Rene Magritte
places real objects in unrealistic spacial representations
James Abbott McNeill Whistler
portrait of his mother, "one does like to make one's mummy just as nice as possible"
stonehenge
post and lintel construction
books of hours
prayer books organized according to the liturgical calendar
Pyramid of Khafre
pyramid associated with the great sphinx
primary colors
red, blue, and yellow
Venus of Laussel
relief sculpture and parietal art
Veronese's last supper
renamed Christ in the house of levi to satisfy the inquisition
virtruvuis
roman author who wrote books on architecture in the 1st century BC
unfinished
rusticated means that the surface of the building is
Council of trent
said that art should appeal to the emotion rather than reason
Sacra conversazione
san giobbe altarpiece by bellini
ottanians
saxon emperors of the holy roman emperor
warka or uruk sculpted vases
scenes divided into registers
anna mary robertson (grandma moses)
self-taught painter was influenced by her earlier art of embroidery
Arch of Titus
shows the sack of Jerusalem by the Romans
an ambulatory
side aisles that curve around an apse
Mihrab
small niche in the wall in the direction of Mecca in a mosque
gauguin
smooth paint and bright color
Daumier
social injustice combined with industrial subject matter
monet
studied color and light and rejected iconography
iconology
study of the meaning of an entire group or program of images
whistler
sued Ruskin for slander, Art for Art's sake
Ankh
symbol for life
munch
symbolist who expresses his mental state through color and distorted images
Feudalism
system of the middle ages, lords get land use in turn for oath to the king
Polyptych
the Idenheim Altarpiece is an example of
Vitruvius
the ancient architect who describes Etruscan temples is
audience hall
the apadana means
Arc de Triomphe
the arch of titus in rome influenced what famous napoleonic monument
Caravaggio
the artist known for his paintings done directly on canvas with no preliminary drawings
psychoanalysis
the branch of art history that deals with the imagery that reveals the unconscious mind, which id based on Freud is
intensity
the brightness or dullness of a color
apocrypha
the description of Christ as a sculptor who made clay birds and breathed life into them is from the
Kandinsky
the first artist to completely reject objects from his work was
Botticelli
the first artist to incorporate both linear and atmospheric perspective into painting was
Charlemagne
the first holy roman emperor
the bronze doors at St. Michael's at Hildensheim
the first large-scale work cast in bronze since antiquity was
louvre
the french royal residence prior to versailles
triangle
the geometric form that is often used in such works as the Madonna of the meadow
palladio
the great venetian architect that designed villas based on the pantheon
round
the ideal shape for a church in the high renaissance
folio
the individual page or leaf of an illuminated manuscript
Brunelleschi
the inventor of one point or linear perspective was
Bernini
the last atchitect to work on new St. Peter's or the modern vatican was
verso
the left side of an illuminated manuscript page
illuminated manuscripts
the limbourg brothers were artists who made
contour
the line that outlines the shape
lancet
the long narrow arched windows below the rose window in gothic church
codex
the name of a medieval book bound on one side is called
compluvium
the opening in the ceiling that allows rainwater into a Roman villa
drum
the part of the tempietto that makes up the base of the dome
Alexander the Great
the persians were defeated by
Dorothea Lange
the photographer that worked for the FSA during the depression was
vanishing point
the place where all orthogonals converge is called
Pyramidion
the pointed top of an Obelisk
value
the relative lightness or darkness of an image
recto
the right side of the page for an illuminated manuscript
semiology
the science of signs
picture plane
the surface of a painting or relief sculpture
fleur-de-lis
the symbol of the french kings
glazing
the technique to make clay objects water-resistant is called
boy
the term Kouros is greek for
true
the term hierarchical proportions refers to the act of making the most important figure in a scene bigger then anyone else
ambulatory
the term that refers to circular barrel-vaulted passages
lantern
the top of the florence cathedral dome is topped with a
Kallikrates and Iktinos
the two architects that built the Parthenon were
doric frieze
the type of frieze used by Bramante on the Tempietto
Matthew Brady
took a good majority of the pictures of Lincoln
trompe l'oeil
trick the eye, the artists purpose is to fool the eye
figura serpentinata
twisted pose popular in the mannerist period
apocrypha
unofficial books of the Bible
brooklyn bridge
used steel wire cables to create a suspension bridge
Palette
used to mix makeup or some other type of pigment
Ionic columns
volute capitals
tell asmar figures
votives
die brucke/ the bridge
wanted to make a connection between art and modern revolutionary ideas as well as tradition and the avant garde
rodin
was the first to show just parts of the body
gesso
water based thick paint with chalk size used to prepare the panel before painting
the tempietto
what building marks the place where st. peter was killed
Hagia Sophia
what building uses pendentives to support the dome
Julius Caesar
what famous emperor died on the Ides of March in 44 BC
pigment
what is mixed with a binder to make paint
catacombs
what is the name for underground cemeteries of the early Christians
skene
where does the performance take place in a Greek theater
Toulouse-Lautrec
which artist was influenced by degas and painted about parisian nightlife
Jacques-Louis David
which artist was known for his paintings that were sympathetic to the french revolution
Locke's two treaties of civil government
which book/document was the first to argue against the divine right of kings
Chauvet
which cave paintings have controversial dates achieved by carbon 14 dating
Nicolas Poussin
which french artist is careful to always divide his paintings into foreground, middle, and back ground
hue
which word is virtually synonymous with color
scriptoria
writing places
homer
wrote about the Trojan War in the Iiad
false
ziggurats were used as tombs for the deceased near eastern kings
