BIOL 257 - CH26
You're a famous eye surgeon, specializing in corneal transplants. Give your choice, would you rather have a cornea for transplantation from a 20 year old individual, or a 60 year old individual (assuming there are no optical defects due to age), and why?
The 20 year old cornea-while extremely rare, it may be possible to transmit prions through corneal transplants. It's less likely that a 20 year old would have encountered and become contaminated by prions than the 60 year old.
Which of the statements regarding leprosy treatment is TRUE?
tuberculoid leprosy can be successfully treated with combination drug therapy administered for six months.
The limited type of leprosy in which cell-mediated immunity suppresses proliferation of the bacilli is called
tuberculoid.
The early symptoms of rabies generally begin
1-2 months after viral entry.
Polioviruses enter the body via the respiratory tract.
FALSE
What underlying infection should a physician immediately suspect when confronted with a patient with confirmed cryptococcal meningoencephalitis caused by Cryptococcus neoformans, and why?
HIV infection. People with normal immune systems generally fend off this fungal infection before it becomes clinically symptomatic
Which of the following best describes how Mycobacterium leprae infection can lead to peripheral nerve damage in Hansen's disease?
M. leprae invades peripheral nerve cells, which are then targeted and destroyed by immune cells, leading to disabling deformities
The membranes that cover the surface of the brain and spinal cord are known as the
meninges.
An infection of the membranes covering the brain is called
meningitis
The menigococcus attach to the mucus membrane via
pili
Meningococcal meningitis is typically acquired through the
respiratory tract.
The principal mode of transmission of rabies is through
saliva
The nerves that carry information to the central nervous system (CNS) are termed
sensory nerves
Identification of the various strains of N. meningitidis is through
serogrouping.
Which of the following statements about polio vaccination is FALSE?
Sabin's oral polio vaccine (OPV) is an inactivated vaccine.
Food contaminated with Clostridium botulinum often
appears normal.
M. leprae may infect
armadillos
Naegleria fowleri may cause
primary amebic meningoencephalitis.
The central nervous system is made up of the
brain and spinal cord.
The transmission of leprosy is by
direct human-to-human contact AND contact with infected nasal secretions
Viral central nervous system infections may result in
All of the choices are correct.
Which of the following pairs regarding the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) is mismatched?
CNS - brain and peripheral nerves
Corneal implants have been implicated in a few cases of
Creutzfeldt-Jakob.
Characteristic inclusion bodies formed in cells of organisms infected with rabies are called
Negri bodies
Please choose the microorganism that is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in adults to test your understanding of this disease.
Streptococcus pneumoniae
The leading cause of bacterial meningitis in adults is
Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Clostridium botulinum, the causative agent of botulism, has more than one portal of entry: the gastrointestinal tract and the skin.
TRUE
Death from botulism is usually due to respiratory paralysis.
TRUE
Inflammation of the membranes covering the central nervous system (CNS) is called meningitis.
TRUE
The peripheral nervous system is made up of nerves composed of bundles of axons that carry information to and from the central nervous system.
TRUE
Viral meningitis is much more common than bacterial meningitis.
TRUE
Which of the following best describes why AIDS patients respond poorly to medications used to treat Cryptococcus neoformans infections?
They lack T cells normally assist the activity of these antifungal medications.
Which of the following statements about foodborne botulism is FALSE?
Treatment involves combination antibiotic therapy over an extended period
The chief source of central nervous system (CNS) infections is through the
bloodstream
To determine the causative agent of a central nervous system (CNS) infection, a sample is taken from the
cerebrospinal fluid.
