Biology I: Chapter 4: McGraw Hill
Most cells are relatively small for which of the following reasons?
* It is easier for diffusion of nutrients into the cells to occur * It is easier for diffusion of wastes out of the cells to occur
Functions of intermediate filaments:
* Providing structural stability * Providing mechanical strength
Which of the following are correct concerning eukaryotic DNA structure?
* The DNA is organized in linear chromosomes * Chromatin is present
Lysosomes contain enzymes which are able to break down which of the following?
* carbohydrates * nucleic acids * lipids * proteins
main points of the cell theory
* cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell * all living organisms are composed of one or more cells * cells are the smallest living things
Cells may move by which of the following methods?
* crawling * swimming
The functions of the rough endoplasmic reticulum include which of the following?
* protein sorting * protein synthesis * glycoprotein synthesis
functions of smooth endoplasmic reticulum
* steroid synthesis * storage of calcium * assembly of membrane lipids
Arrange the steps of protein transport through the endomembrane system into the correct order.
1. Transport vesicles that contain proteins bud from the rough ER. 2. Proteins are modified in the Golgi apparatus 3. Proteins are packaged into secretory vesicles 4. Proteins are released to the extracellular environment
__________________ filaments are associated with cell shape, movement, contraction, and cell division.
Actin
Which of the following organelles are part of the endomembrane system?
Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus
The function of these organelles is to capture light energy and synthesize organic molecules, such as glucose, in the process of photosynthesis.
chloroplasts
Microfilaments
composed of actin
Intermediate filaments
composed of protein tetramers
Microtubules
composed of tubulin
The ____________ is a semifluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell and includes the organelles.
cytoplasm
Which of the following are features that all cells have in common?
cytoplasm nucleus or nucleoid plasma membrane
The ________________ provides the scaffolding to hold certain enzymes in place in a cell.
cytoskeleton
The ______________________ is a network of protein fibers in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells involved in supporting the shape of the cell and anchoring organelles to fixed locations.
cytoskeleton
Peroxisomes contain enzymes involved in the oxidation of which of the following?
fatty acids
Which of the following accurately describes the major function of the nucleus?
it houses most of the DNA in a eukaryotic cell
Which of the following best describes the diameter of most cells?
less than 50 micrometers
What type of RNA carries information from DNA?
messenger
_______________ are the instruments used to magnify and visualize cells and cellular components.
microscopes
Centrosomes, also called ______________ - organizing centers, are important for cell division in animals.
microtubule
Ribosomal subunits are produced in a region of the nucleus, called the _______________.
nucleolus
Which of the following is the main function of the mitochondria?
oxidative metabolism
Archaea cell walls lack which of the following?
peptidoglycan
Ribosomes are responsible for __________________ synthesis in the cell.
protein
Eukaryotic cells contain which of the following? plasmids pili nucleoid ribosomes
ribosomes
The application of a chemical _________________ may greatly improve contrast, but requires cells not be alive.
stain
The mitochondrial matrix refers to which of the following regions?
the compartment inside of the inner membrane
The central ______________ and the _________________ of a plant cell are involved in maintaining the tonicity of the cell.
vacuole; tonoplast
Specialized compartments that function in storage and regulation of cell volume:
vacuoles
