biology unit 9 quiz 3
keystone species
A species vital in an ecosystem is the ________________.
1. Lack of rain results in reduced water levels and an expanded shore. 2. Lichens and bacteria break down rocks near the shore into soil. 3. Pine needles, leaves, and branches from shoreline trees drop into the water thereby reducing the lake and expanding the shore. 4. Seeds from trees are dropped on the shore and trees begin to grow. 5. These processes continue until the lake is replaced by a forest.
Arrange the statements below to describe how a lake might become a forest in a period of 100 years. Fill in 1 to 5, 1 being the first to occur.
species
Biodiversity is important because one _______ may be vital to a whole ecosystem.
carbon dioxide, greenhouse, ecosystems
Burning fossil fuels puts an excess amount of ____________ in the atmosphere. This increases the __________ effect which could also affect __________ around the world.
species
By putting them in a zoo, passing a law, or preserving their natural habitat, you can preserve a(n) _____________ .
genetic, medicinal
It contributes to _______ diversity and there are _________, industrial, and agricultural uses of
false
Lichens and pioneer species are the last to arrive in an ecosystem.
false
Lichens depend on pioneer species
false
Lichens need soil.
1. grasses 2. shrubs 3. small trees 4. large trees
Order the following organisms involved in old-field successions as to when they occur
false
Pioneer species may depend upon lichens to build the soil
false
Pioneer species need soil, but not as much and not as good quality as the species that follow them.
pioneer species
The first plants and animals to inhabit a newly available ecosystem are the ____________.
hunting elephants for their ivory
The following can save individual species from being extinct except _____.
biodiversity
The numbers and variety of different species in a given area is _________.
phytoplankton, reproduce, oxygen, aquatic, die
These extra nutrients make algae and ____________ extremely happy and they _________ like crazy, causing an algae bloom. Algae blooms can deplete ______ in _______ systems, causing fish and other oxygen dependent organisms to ___.
lichens
They do not need soil to live and they help break down rocks and contribute nutrients to the soil as they die. This is a role of ________.
- tropical rain forests - islands - coastal areas
What are the hot spots of biodiversity on earth? Select all that apply.
old-field, fire
What are two types of secondary succession?
nitrogen oxides
What is released during burning that causes acid rain?
Chances of survival increase because the species is part of all the important relationships it needs for ultimate survival.
What is the advantage of protecting entire ecosystems rather than individual species?
ecosystem, predators, resources, exponential, wipe
When a new animal is introduced to a new _________ where it has no natural _________ and numerous _________, that species will have ____________ population growth and could ____ out all of its resources.
1. use fewer pesticides and fertilizers 2. use non-chemical alternatives
Which of the following actions do you think humans can do to reduce pollutants in runoff?
educator, technical assistant, zookeeper, land planner, natural resource manager, habitat planner
Which of the following are careers one can have in ecology? Select all that apply.
1. Soil is formed from bacteria and lichen on rocks on bare land after a glacier melts. 2. Plants break through cracks and crevices in concrete areas that are not maintained.
Which of the following happen in primary succession? Select all that apply.
establishing more open spaces and regulations
Which of the following is the responsibility of government to save habitats? Select all that apply.
1. Primary succession creates soil with nutrients. 2. Secondary succession builds on primary succession.
Which of the following is true about primary and secondary succession? Select all that apply.
mosses, lichens, bacteria
Which of the following organisms are involved in primary succession? Select all that apply.
using less fuels, establishing more open spaces, establishing new regulations
Which of these is an individual effort for saving a habitat? Select all that apply.
Pioneer species
_______________ make an area more livable for other species that will follow them.
the numbers and variety of different species in a given area
biodiversity
the number of a particular species that an ecosystem can support
carrying capacity
the final and stable community of an ecosystem
climax community
the process of change during which the species in a community are established or replaced
ecological succession
species that are likely to become extinct, if protection measures are not taken
endangered species
greenhouse gases trap radiation from the sun, thereby heating the earth
greenhouse effect
vital species in an ecosystem
keystone species
the first plants and animals to inhabit a newly available ecosystem
pioneer species
occurs in areas where no ecosystems have occurred before. This can include rocks, cliffs, and sand dunes.
primary succession
the water that does not soak into the ground when it rains and then "runs off," normally to a sewer system or a river or ocean.
runoff
occurs in areas where an ecosystem previously existed
secondary succession
species that are declining in numbers and are likely to become endangered, if protective measures are not taken
threatened species
