biomolecules test
Which statement best describes enzymes?
The rate of activity of an enzyme might change as pH changes
The table below lists enzymes that function in different locations in the human body, and the temperature and pH ranges of these locations. Different enzymes are secreted in each of the three locations. Ptyalin digests carbohydrates. Pepsin and trypsin both digest proteins. Discuss the activity of these enzymes. In your answer, be sure to: • state how the activity of pepsin will most likely change after it moves with the food from the stomach to the small intestine • support your answer using data from the table • state how a fever of 40°C would most likely affect the activity of these enzymes and support your answer • identify the characteristic of enzymes that prevents ptyalin and trypsin from digesting the same type of food
-Pepsin will either stop functioning or slow down. -This is because the pH range in the small intestine is 7.5 to 9.0 and pepsin normally functions at 1.0 to3.0. -A fever of 40°C could slow/stop enzyme functioning, since these enzymes work best at around 37°C. -Ptyalin and trypsin cannot both digest the same type of food because enzymes are specific. They have different shapes.
Which row in the chart below correctly pairs a food molecule with its building block? starch amino acids sugar starch protein amino acids amino acids sugar
3
The diagram below represents a model of a biological process that occurs in humans at normal body temperature, 37°C. Increasing body temperature to 40°C would interfere most directly with the rate of function of structure
A
Base your answer to the following question on the types of molecules in the list below and on your knowledge of biology. Types of Molecules (A) Amino acid (B) Fatty acid (C) Monosaccharide (D) Glycerol Which types of molecules are used for the synthesis of a lipid?
B and D
Base your answer to the following question on the information in the diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. In a heterotrophic organism, substance A could be used directly for
B) synthesis of enzymes
Base your answer to the following question on the information below and on your knowledge of biology. The graph below shows the effect of substrate concentration on the action of enzyme X. This enzyme is functioning at its optimal temperature, 36°C, and at its optimal pH, 5.5. State what would most likely happen to the rate of enzyme action if the temperature were reduced by 10 degrees. Support your answer.
The reaction will slow down because it is below the optimal temperature.
If the sequence of building blocks were changed, what effect could it most likely have on the protein?
The shape of the protein could change. — The function of the protein could be different. — It might form a different protein.
Which statement best describes enzymes?
They influence the rate of chemical reactions
Identify the type of building block represented by the letters A, B, and C.
amino acids or peptides
Base your answer to the following question on on the chart below and your knowledge of Biology. Which belongs in section G ?
b
Which compound is inorganic?
carbon dioxide (CO2)
What are the main atoms of a protein molecule?
carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen
This equation represents a process known as
dehydration synthesis
Base your answer to the following question on the chart below which gives incomplete information about certain biochemical reactions and on your knowledge of biology. The reactants represented by letter B are
dipeptides and water
Which substances are produced by the hydrolysis of an oil?
fatty acids and glycerol
high surface tension
hydrogen bonds hold water together tightly, so the waters surface acts like a membrane
Chemicals that help chemical reactions occur at faster rates in living organisms are known as
organic catalysts
Proteins, starch, and DNA are similar in that they are all
organic compounds
The diagram below represents a sequence of events that occurs in living things. Letter X represents
organic molecules
Organic compounds are used as building blocks for
proteins, starches, and fats
spefic heat
the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance 1 degree Celsius (°C)
The molecule represented by letter D is most likely
water
Which substance is an inorganic molecule?
water
Which substance plays a major role in most of the chemical reactions that occur in a living cell?
water
Cohesion
when molecules of the same substance attract
Adhesion
when molecules that are different substances attract