Cardiovascular System

Venous blood drains from dural sinuses directly into the _____ and exits the cranium? A. internal jugular veins B. brachiocephalic veins C. median cubital vein D. common carotid artery

A. Internal Jugular Veins

Superficial and deep veins (UPPER LIMB) both ultimately drain into the ______ _____.

Axillary vein

The sigmoid sinuses exit the cranium through the jugular foramen via the _____ ______ _____

Internal Jugular vein

The inferior vena cava brings ______________ blood from the liver and the lower body.

deoxygenated

The pulmonary trunk receives _____________ blood from the right ventricle.

deoxygenated

Circulatory System

aorta -> arteries -> arterioles -> capillaries -> venules -> veins -> vena cavae

The pulmonary arteries convey blood ______ from the heart (to the lungs).

away

The vertebral arteries fuse to form the ______ ______

basilar artery

The right atrium receives ____________ blood from the body and the heart.

deoxygenated

The right ventricle receives _____________ blood from the right atrium.

deoxygenated

The superior vena cava brings ______________ blood from the head, neck, and upper body.

deoxygenated

Most of the venous blood from the cranium drains from the ___ ___, which drain into the _____ ____ ___.

dural sinuses. Internal Jugular vein

The tunica internal contains elastic connective tissue which has ___ ____ and is found in areas that recoil when stretched such as in the walls of the _____.

elastic fibers, AORTA

Tunica interna

endothelium lines blood vessel

In the ________ _____________, the umbilical arteries carry deoxygenated blood back to the placenta, while the umbilical vein carries oxygenated blood from the placenta.

fetal circulation.

The umbilical arteries take blood away from ____ to ____

fetus to mom

The foramen ovale becomes the ______ _____

fossa ovalis

In which lobe is the Broca's area located ?

frontal lobe

The left gastroepiploic supplies the ______ ______ of the stomach.

greater curvature

The ophthalmic veins drain into the _______ ______

cavernous sinus

The _________ and __________ are supplied with blood from the posterior blood supply which is derived from the vertebral arteries.

cerebellum, brainstem.

Urachal fistula

if the intra-embryonic part of the allantois remains patent, there is a direct connection between the umbilicus and the bladder.

Vitelline Fistula

if the vitalize duct remains patent, there is a direct connection between the mbilicus and the intestinal tract.

Where does the Pituitary Gland "sits" ?

in the sella turcica

what is an atrial septal defect ?

is a malformation of the heart wall between the atria. (BIRTH DEFECT)

What is a ventricular septal defect ?

is a malformation of the heart wall between ventricles. (BIRTH DEFECT)

What is a patent foramen ovale ?

is a type of atrial septal defect. (BIRTH DEFECT)

The Genicular arteries are located around the _____ (genu)

knee

The middle cerebra arteries supply the ____ _____

lateral surface

The left gastric artery supplies the _____ _____ of the stomach.

lesser curvature

The ductus arteriosus becomes the _____ _____

ligamentum arteriosum

the umbilical vein become the ______ _____

ligamentum teres

The ductus venosus becomes the ______ ______

ligamentum venosum

Endocardium

lines inner surface of heart

Epicardium

lines outer surface of heart

Oxygen POOR, nutrient RICH venous blood is filtered by the _____

liver

The anterior cerebral artery supply the ____ ____

medial surface

The umbilical arteries become the _____ ______ _______

medial umbilical ligaments

The ______ _______ _____ connects the cephalic and basilica vein .

median cubital vein

The umbilical vein brings blood from ___ to ___

mom to fetus

Broca's area

motor speech, the articulation of speech

Myocardium

muscle layer

Tunica media

muscular layer

The facial veins communicate with the ______ ______.

ophthalmic veins.

The Internal Carotid artery gives blood supply to ___

orbit

The Ophthalmic artery gives blood supply to _____

orbit

Blood in the lungs is oxygenated or deoxygenated ?

oxygenated

The Left atrium receives oxygenated or deoxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins?

oxygenated

The aortic arch receives __________ blood from the left ventricle.

oxygenated

The left atrium receives ___________ blood from the pulmonary veins.

oxygenated

The left ventricle receives ___________ blood from the left atrium.

oxygenated

The pulmonary veins return ____________ blood to the heart (from the lungs).

oxygenated

In which lobe is the Wernicke's area located ?

parieto-temporal lobe

In the __________ ____________ the arteries carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs, while the veins carry oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heart.

pulmonary circulation

Diastole

relaxation of the heart muscle allows blood flow into the coronary arteries. the aortic valve is closed due to back flow in the ascending arch.

The anterior communicating artery connects ____ to ____ side

right to left side

The superior and inferior petrosal sinuses drain into the _____ ____ which exit the cranium through the jugular foramen via the Internal Jugular vein.

sigmoid sinuses

The transverse sinuses drain into the ____ _____

sigmoid sinuses

The inferior sagittal sinus drains into the _____ _____

straight sinus

Tunica externa

superficial layer known as the adventitia

The cavernous sinus drains into the _____ and ______ _______ ______.

superior and inferior petrosal sinuses.

Wernicke's area

syntax and sentence structure

In which lobe is the auditory cortex located ?

temporal lobe

the atrioventricular (AV) bundle is also known as ?

the bundle of His

Fibrous pericardium

tough outer layer of pericardial sac

The Confluens of Sinuses drain into the ______ _______

transverse sinuses

Blood vessel wall from lumen out:

tunica interna, tunica media, tunica externa.

Blood from the placenta enters the fetus via the _________ ____ (highest oxygen content).

umbilical vein

The Vitelline duct connects the gut tube with the ____ ____

yolk sac

Visceral pericardium

"epicardium" lines outer surface

Before birth, some blood enters the liver, but most bypasses the liver via the ______ _____ (1). The blood is shunted to the inferior vena cava (IVC) which takes it to the _____ ____ (2). Most of the blood flows directly through the ______ ______ (3) and into the left atrium, the left ventricle and out the aorta to supply the fetus with oxygenated blood.

1. ductus venosus. 2. Right atrium. 3. foramen ovale

The heart is supplied with oxygenated blood during diastole when which of the following valves is closed. A. tricuspid valve B. bicuspid valve C. aortic valve D. pulmonary valve

C. Aortic Valve

The Central Retinal artery runs in ____ to ____ ____

CN2 to Optic disc

The superior sagittal sinus joins the straight sinus to form the _____ of _______

Confluens of Sinuses

Systole

Contraction of the heart muscle prevents filling of the coronary arteries. the aortic valve is open due to the expulsion of blood from the left ventricle.

What is the major venus drainage of the heart?

Coronary Sinus

The femoral vein is located under the inguinal ligament and it become the _______ ____ ____ which drains into the Inferior Vena Cava.

External Iliac vein

Arteries have a thinner muscle layer, more elastic and collagen fibers than veins. TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE, they have a thicker muscle layer, which is why vein are collapsible, while arteries can spring back into shape.

HAL stands for H = ____ and _____, A = _____, L = ______

H = Head and Hands A = arms L = legs

The filtered blood joins oxygen poor blood from the systemic circulation via ______ ___

Hepatic vein

NAVEL is a memory tool that stands for ?

Nerve, Artery, Vein, Empty space, Lymph vessels.

What are the two routes that venous drainage follows ?

Route 1 (Lateral View ) Route 2 ( Cranial Fossae)

What are the two shunts that bypass the fetal lungs ?

Route 1- through foramen ovale Route 2- through ductus arterious

Which of the nodes is also known as the pacemaker ?

Sinoatrial (SA) node

The aortic valve prevents back flow into the left ventricle. True or False ?

TRUE

The medial epicondyle of humerus is the attachment site for flexors of forearm. TRUE OR FALSE ?

TRUE

The anterior and posterior intercostal aa. anastomose to form a horizontal vessel arc that spans a segment of the _______ ___

Thoracic wall

The pulmonary valve prevents back flow into the right ventricle? True or False

True

The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood ? True or False

True

What nerve makes you tingle if hit "funny bone" ?

Ulnar nerve

What are the three major vessels that supply the brain ?

anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral arteries.

What is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) ?

a painful condition of the hand and fingers caused by compression of a major nerve where it passes over the carpal bones through a passage at the front of the wrist, alongside the flexor tendons of the hand. It may be caused by repetitive movements over a long period, or by fluid retention, and is characterized by sensations of tingling, numbness, or burning.