Ch. 21 AP euro
How did Charles X of France seek to rally political support for himself in 1830
He invaded Algeria and established it as a French territory
What did klemens von Metternich and Alexander I proclaim at the Troppau Conference in 1820
Their support for the principle of active intervention to maintain all autocratic regimes whenever threatened
What did the early French socialist thinkers find disturbing about the emerging industrial society
They believed that industrial society fomented selfish individualism and split the community into isolated fragments.
Why did klemen von Metternich , as Austrian foreign minister, have to oppose the spread of nationalism in Europe
Austria was a multiethnic empire, and the spread of nationalism among its different ethnic group threatened to dissolve the empire
The karlsbad depress of 1819
Defined an idea of German nationalism built around a common language, culture and set of values
Why was the Frankfurt Parliament in 1849 unable to create a "Greater Germany"?
Determined to maintain its empire, Austria would not agree to a Greater Germany that separated German-speaking lands from non-German territories in the empire.
In the nineteenth century, how did Ireland's population grow despite extreme poverty
Extensive cultivation of the humble potato
In their war of independence against the Ottoman Empire, the Greeks ultimately won the support of
Great Britain, France, Russia
How did the French provisional government respond to the worsening depression and rising unemployment in 1848
It established national workshops to provide employment in public works projects
What was the effect of france's constitutional charter in the post-napoleonic period
It secured most of the gains made by the middle class and the peasantry during the French Revolution and permitted intellectual and artistic freedom
In 1830, and unsuccessful revolution failed it to re-create the country of
Poland
What was one of Karl Marx's most important criticisms of the French utopian socialists?
Their utopian schemes were not realistic
During the pressure in the revolution in 1848 why did the alliance between middle class liberals and workers dissolve
Workers demanded a series of democratic and vaguely socialist reforms
Composers in the romantic movement
abandoned well-defined structures and used a wide range of forms to evoke powerful emotions
In 1848, how did the Hungarian revolutionaries envision a future hungary
as a unified, centralized Hungarian nation
The allied powers at the congress of Vienna were determined to
avoid the creation of hostility and resentment in France
Karl Marx argued that socialism would be established
by violent revolution
What was the driving force in history according to Marx in the nineteenth century
economic relationship between classes
In Great Britain, the great reform bill of 1832
gave greater representation to the new, industrial areas of the nation
What was the most important influence on the peaceful mid-Century reforms in Great Britain
political competition between the aristocracy and the middle class
According to Joseph Proudhon, property was
profit stolen from workers
Which social groups comprised the revolutionary alliance during the revolutions of 1848 in Central Europe
students and urban workers
Charles Fourier, a Utopian socialist, envisioned mathematically precise communities called phalanxes and also urged
the abolition of marriage, free unions based only on love, and sexual freedom
According to the doctrine of laissez faire, the government should intervene in
the economy as little as possible
What did Count Henri de Saint-Simon believe in the nineteenth century?
the key to progress was proper social organization
The chartist movement in Britain in the 1830s and 1840s demanded
universal male suffrage
At the congress of Vienna, the victorious allies
were guided by the principle of the balance of power
In the nineteenth century, what did Eugène Delacroix's work typically feature
Dramatic, colorful scenes
In 1848, what reform did the French government refuse that created a sense of class injustice
Electoral reform
Romanticism and early nationalists investigated folk songs, folk tales, and proverbs in order to
Find the unique greatness of every people in its folk culture
Germaine de stale Urged the French to throw away worn out classical models and extolled the spontaneity and enthusiasm of the writer and thinkers of
Germany
In December 1825, some 3000 army officers inspired by liberal ideas staged a protest against which new tsar
Nicholas I
Many Europeans and Americans embraced the Greek Revolution because
Of a love of Greek classical culture.
The British corn laws of 1815 were enacted with the goal of
Prohibit the importation of foreign grain unless the price at home rose to improbable levels, thus benefiting the aristocracy but making food prices high for working people
The quadruple alliance, the nations that defeated Napoleon, included
Russia, Prussia, Austria, and Great Britain
In 1849, the revolution in Hungary was brought under control with the help of 130,000 troops sent by
The Russian Empire
What reform did at Francis second Republic Institute in 1848
The right to vote for all adult men
The romantic poet William Wordsworth conceived of poetry as the
The spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings recollected in tranquility
What was the result of the "June Days" in France in 1848
The triumph of the Republican army under General Louis Cavaignac, after its street fighting in the death or injury of more than 10,000 people
Victor Hugo's political evolution was exactly the opposite of Wordsworth's, whose
Youthful radicalism have way to middle-aged caution
The romantic movement was characterized by
a belief in emotional exuberance and unrestrained imagination
