Chapter 02. The Founding and the Constitution Federal Government - We The People 10th Edition - InQuizitive
Place in chronological order the following events that took place during the American Revolution. Boston Tea Party, Declaration of Independence, Stamp Act, Articles of Confederation
-Stamp Act -Boston Tea Party -Declaration of Independence -Articles of Confederation
How can the president influence the understanding of the Constitution? -The president can appoint Supreme Court justices who interpret the Constitution through judicial review. -The president has no power to modify the Constitution. -The president can amend the Constitution with an executive order. -The president can veto amendments that are already in place.
-The president can appoint Supreme Court justices who interpret the Constitution through judicial review.
Match the following features Declaration of Independence Articles of Confederation
Provide a statement of American freedom from British rule - Declaration of Independence Created a set of principles to forge national unity -declaration of independence Limited the powers of national government -articles of confederation Allowed the states to retain sovereignty -articles of confederation
Drag the items to the Venn diagram to show what tasks or characteristics are reserved for the Senate or the House of Representatives or shared by both.
Senate -six year terms -guard against "excessive democracy" -approve presidential appointments -ratify treaties Senate and House of Representatives -approval required to enact laws House of Representatives -create revenue bills
What was the Great Compromise of the Constitutional Convention?
The creation of two chambers in Congress: one based on population, the other on equal representation for each state.
Below is part of an image from your textbook that highlights the powers of the legislative and executive branches. What powers act as a check on the power of the judicial branch? Click on the powers in the following chart.
-Approves treaties and presidential appointments -established lower court system -appoints Supreme Court Justices and Federal court judges. -Pardons those convicted in federal court.
What did "tyranny" mean to the Federalists, and what did it mean to the Antifederalists? To the Antifederalists, tyranny meant a government dominated by ____. The Federalists argued that tyranny meant a government dominated by _____, who would trample the rules of justice. -elites -the majority
-Elites -The majority
What are the Federalist Papers? -an outline for the Bill of Rights -a collection of 85 essays supporting ratification of the Constitution -a transcript of the debate at the Constitutional Convention -an Antifederalist nickname for the Constitution
-a collection of 85 essays supporting ratification of the Constitution
How can the Supreme Court influence the Constitution? The Supreme Court exercises the power of _____, which allows the Court to _____ the Constitution. -veto -interpret -amend -judicial review
-judicial review -interpret
Place in chronological order the events that led up to the end of the Articles of Confederation.
1st - Annapolis Convention 2nd - Shays's Rebellion 3rd - Constitutional Convention
How did the constitution differ from the articles of confederation?
Articles of confederation -unicameral legislature -the national government depends upon the states to collect taxes Constitution -included provisions for an executive office Only the national government can coin money -bicameral legislature
How can the president check the power of Congress if a law is passed with which he or she disagrees? Click on the action in the following chart.
Can veto acts of Congress
In which of the following ways does Article V allow the Constitution to be amended?
Correct Answer(s) -passage in a national convention called for by Congress, in response to petitions by two-thirds of the states, followed by ratification by majority vote of the legislatures in three-fourths of the states -passage in a national convention called for by Congress, in response to petitions by two-thirds of the states, followed by ratifications by conventions called for the purpose in three-fourths of the states -passage in the House and Senate by two-thirds vote, followed by ratification by conventions called for the purpose in three-fourths of the states Incorrect Answer(s) -by order of the president, but only within a set of very specific and extenuating circumstances -by order of the Supreme Court, but only within a set of very specific and extenuating circumstances
How did the colonists respond to the Boston Massacre?
Many Bostonians supported the British.
Click the four states on the map that were most likely to support the Virginia Plan, based on the populations listed in the chart.
North Carolina Virginia Pennsylvania Massachusetts
Few attempts to amend the Constitution have been successful. True or False
True
Match the following amendments to their correct description.
protects freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and freedom of the press -First Amendment abolished slavery -Thirteenth Amendment defines citizenship -Fourteenth Amendment reserves certain rights for the states or people -Tenth Amendment
Match each state's Constitutional Convention plan to its features. (States) -New Jersey Plan -Virginia Plan -the House of Representatives -equal representation for each state -the Senate -representation based on population
the House of Representatives -Virginia Plan equal representation for each state -New Jersey Plan the Senate -New Jersey Plan representation based on population -Virginia Plan
Which of the following did the Federalists believe, and which did the Antifederalists believe?
Antifederalist -preferred small republics of existing states -wanted to limit the power of the national government -believed that most governments became "aristocratic" Federalist -believed that direct democracy was problematic -believed that the majority would have a difficult time uniting a large and populous country
Which of the following resulted from the Boston Tea Party? -The colonists convened the First Continental Congress. -Britain changed procedures so that accused persons would stand trial in the colonies. -Britain changed the government of Massachusetts. -Britain restricted westward expansion in the colonies. -Britain closed the Port of Boston. -Americans became even more hesitant to challenge British rule.
Correct Answer(s) -Britain closed the Port of Boston. -Britain changed the government of Massachusetts. -The colonists convened the First Continental Congress. -Britain restricted westward expansion in the colonies. Incorrect Answer(s) -Britain changed procedures so that accused persons would stand trial in the colonies. -Americans became even more hesitant to challenge British rule.
How has the text and understanding of the Constitution changed over time? -The president has amended the Constitution with an executive order. -Courts adapted the Constitution to fit modern circumstances. -Two-thirds of voters have passed a referendum to amend the Constitution. -The states have petitioned to call a national convention. -Congress has amended the Constitution and the states have ratified the amendments.
Correct Answer(s) -Congress has amended the Constitution and the states have ratified the amendments. -Courts adapted the Constitution to fit modern circumstances. Incorrect Answer(s) -Two-thirds of voters have passed a referendum to amend the Constitution. -The president has amended the Constitution with an executive order. -The states have petitioned to call a national convention.
What was the significance of the Boston Tea Party in the run-up to the American Revolution? -It ended the East India Company's monopoly on the tea trade. -It provoked the British government to take action against the colonists. -It reversed the Tea Act. -It eased tensions with the British.
Correct Answer(s) -It provoked the British government to take action against the colonists. Incorrect Answer(s) -It eased tensions with the British. -It reversed the Tea Act. -It ended the East India Company's monopoly on the tea trade.
Which of the following accurately describe the Annapolis Convention? -It was the first plausible attempt to replace the Articles of Confederation. -Very few delegates actually attended the convention. -It recognized the need to revise the Articles of Confederation.
Correct Answer(s) -It recognized the need to revise the Articles of Confederation. -Very few delegates actually attended the convention. Incorrect Answer(s) -It was the first plausible attempt to replace the Articles of Confederation.
What powers did the Constitution grant to the judicial branch and the Supreme Court?
Correct Answer(s) -Lifetime appointments -Power to resolve conflicts between state and federal laws. Incorrect Answer(s). -To determine its own size and composition -Judicial review.
What was the impact of Shays's Rebellion in the lead-up to the Constitutional Convention?
Correct Answer(s) -Shays's Rebellion demonstrated that the national government was too weak to respond to a crisis, leading to the Philadelphia Convention. -Shays's Rebellion encouraged Congress to adopt the Annapolis resolution and commit to revising the Articles of Confederation in Philadelphia. Incorrect Answer(s) -Shays's Rebellion proved the Articles of Confederation were working well. -Shays demanded that the convention adopt the Great Compromise or he would dissolve the convention.
Which of the following were among the shortcomings of the Articles of Confederation? -The U.S. government could not enforce treaties. -Foreign commerce suffered in all states because the U.S. government had too many restrictive policies. -The U.S. government had no power to intervene when -radical factions began influencing some state governments.
Correct Answer(s) -The U.S. government could not enforce treaties. -The U.S. government had no power to intervene when radical factions began influencing some state governments. Incorrect Answer(s) -Foreign commerce suffered in all states because the U.S. government had too many restrictive policies.
Which of the following accurately describe the Constitutional Convention of 1787?
Correct Answer(s) -The convention was primarily organized by businessmen. -The protection of property was one of the delegates' primary goals. Incorrect Answer(s) -The delegates were generally uninterested in the philosophical and moral principles of the time. -The delegates were primarily interested in personal enrichment.
Why does social change rarely originate from the Constitution? -The Constitution must be enforced to have an effect. -The president can prevent the Supreme Court from exercising its power of judicial review. -It is impossible to change the Constitution. -The purpose of the Constitution is not to create social change. -The Supreme Court usually favors a policy of strict construction.
Correct Answer(s) -The purpose of the Constitution is not to create social change. -The Constitution must be enforced to have an effect. Incorrect Answer(s) -It is impossible to change the Constitution. -The Supreme Court usually favors a policy of strict construction. -The president can prevent the Supreme Court from exercising its power of judicial review.
What effects did British taxes have on the American colonists before the Revolution?
Correct Answer(s) -They fostered a political alliance between colonial elites and small farmers, shopkeepers, and laborers. -They hurt the economic interests of southern planters and New England merchants. -They led to a boycott of British-made goods. Incorrect Answer(s) -They led to colonial representation in the British Parliament.
What were some of the major points of disagreement during ratification of the Constitution? -limits on the power of government -how to prevent tyranny -how the people should be represented -how to amend the Constitution
Correct Answer(s) -how to prevent tyranny -limits on the power of government -how the people should be represented Incorrect Answer(s) -how to amend the Constitution
What kind of government did Antifederalists want to develop? -protection of the rights of the individual -limited national government -concentrated powers for the national government -rule by the elite -confederation of small "republic" states
Correct Answer(s) -limited national government -protection of the rights of the individual -confederation of small "republic" states Incorrect Answer(s) -rule by the elite -concentrated powers for the national government
Which of the following are examples of the powers of Congress under the Articles of Confederation?
Correct Answer(s) -make treaties -declare war -coin or borrow money -appoint senior officers of the U.S. Army Incorrect Answer(s) -appoint a president -regulate commerce between the states -levy taxes
What powers did the Constitution grant to the judicial branch and the Supreme Court? -to determine its own size and composition -power to resolve conflicts between state and federal laws -judicial review -lifetime appointments
Correct Answer(s) -power to resolve conflicts between state and federal laws -lifetime appointments Incorrect Answer(s) -to determine its own size and composition -judicial review
Which of the following are constitutional mechanisms that limit the national government's power?
Correct Answer(s) -separation of powers -Bill of Rights Incorrect Answer(s) -judicial review -executive orders
What are the functions of "checks and balances"?
Correct Answer(s) -to limit "excessive democracy" -to give each branch of government power and influence over the other branches Incorrect Answer(s) -to regulate interstate commerce -to ensure a balanced budget
What powers does the Constitution grant the executive branch?
Correct Answer(s) -veto congressional enactments -recognize countries and negotiate treaties -appoint major departmental personnel -convene Congress in special session -grant reprieves and pardons Incorrect Answer(s) -maintain an army and navy -judicial review -regulate commerce
Who supported the Federalists, and what are their beliefs? Who supported the Antifederalists, and what were their beliefs? Match each description to the correct faction or group.
•Federalist -Favored a strong national government. -Feared "excessive democracy." -Property owners and merchants. •Antifederalists -Feared that the elite would hold the most power. -Support retention of power by state governments. -Small farmers and shopkeepers.
The Constitution offers four separate paths to propose and ratify amendments. Of the following options, which has been the most common route? (Click on the route number.)
•Route 1 -Passage in House and Senate, each by two-thirds vote. -Acceptance by majority vote in the legislatures of the three-fourths of the states (38 states).
What type of government did the Articles of Confederation create? The Articles of Confederation left most governing responsibilities to the _____. By creating a confederation, each state _____ and Congress was given _____ power.
•Sates •Retained its sovereignty •Very little
How did the Three-Fifths Compromise impact the issue of slavery? The Constitutional Congress reached the Three-Fifths Compromise to decide how slaves would be counted toward congressional representation. Northerners _____ counting slaves as part of the population, while southerners _____ counting slaves. According to the compromise, five slaves would count as three free persons when calculating how many representatives each state received in the _____.
•opposed •supported •house of representatives
