Chapter 10 Endocrine AP

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Cortex and Outer

Cortisol is secreted by the adrenal --- which is the --- portion of this gland

Fats and Excess Amino Acids

Glucagon increases the use of ---- and ---- for energy production

LH --- Anterior Pituitary

In women the hormone that stimulates ovulation is --- from the --- gland

Estrogen and Proestrogen

In women the two hormones secreted by the corpus luteum are

Decrease

Increased secretion of ADH will ---- urinary output

Protein Synthesis

Insulin enables cells to take in amino acids and use them for

Cortisol

An adrenal hormone that raises the blood glucose level

Protein

An important function of thyroxine is that it increases the synthesis of ---

Pancreas

An organ that contains islets

GH ---- Thyroxine

Two hormones that increase the rate of protein Synthesis in cells are ---- and ----

Iodine

Synthesis of thyroxine requires the mineral ---

Aldosterone

The adrenal hormone that has the secondary effects of increasing blood volume and blood pressure is -----

inner, epinephrine, norepinephrine

The adrenal medulla is the ----- part of the adrenal gland, and secrets the hormones ---- and --------.

Epinephrine

The hormone that causes vasodilation in skeletal muscle and vasoconstriction in the viscera is --------'

Cortisol

The hormone that conserves glucose for use by the brain

Calcitronin

The hormone that decreases the blood calcium level is

Epinephrine

The hormone that dilates the bronchioles is ------

ADH ---- Posterior Pituitary

The hormone that directly increases the reabsorption of water by the kidneys is --- which is secreted by the --- --- gland

Insulin ----'Pancreas

The hormone that enables cells to take in glucose to use for energy production is --- produced by the ----

Epinephrine

The hormone that increases heart rate and slows peristalis is -------

PTH

The hormone that increases the blood calcium level is

Growth Hormone ---- Anterior Pituitary

The hormone that increases the rate of mitosis in growing tissues is --- --- which is produced by the --- --- gland

Thyroxine --- Thyroid

The hormone that increases the use of all three food types for energy is --- which is produced by the ---- gland

FSH --- Anterior Pituitary

The hormone that initiates sperm production in the testes is --- which is produced by the --- gland

FSH --- Anterior Pituitary

The hormone that initiates the development of egg cells in the ovary is --- which is produced by the ---- gland

PTH---- Calcitronin

The hormone that raises the blood calcium level is --- and the hormone that lowers the blood calcium level is

Prolactin ----- Anterior Pituitary

The hormone that stimulates milk production is --- from the --- gland

LH ----Anterior Pituitary

The hormone that stimulates secretion of testosterone by the testes is --- from the --- gland

FSH and Estrogen

The hormones directly necessary for the development of egg cells in the ovary are

Estrogen and Progesterone

The hormones necessary for the growth of the endometrium

Thyroid

The largest of the endocrine glands, located in the neck

Epinephrine

The main hormone of the adrenal medulla that, among other actions, raises blood pressure and increase the heart rate

Vasoconstriction

The major function of norepinephrine is to stimulate ------- throughout the body

Glucagon ---- Insulin

The pancreatic hormone --- is secreted between meals and the pancreatic hormone --- is secreted right after meals

Glucagon

The pancreatic hormone that increases the conversion of glycogen to glucose by the liver is

Hypothalamus

The part of the brain that controls the anterior pituitary

Reabsorption of Water --- Kidneys

The primary function of ADH is to increase ----- -- ---- by the ----

Releasing Hormone ---- Hypothalamus

The secretion of hormones of the Anterior Pituitary is regulated by --- produced by the ----'

Local

The site of action of prostaglandins is usually

Alpha ----Decreases

The specific cells that produce glucagon are --- cellc and they do so when the blood glucose level

Beta ---- Increases

The specific cells that produce insulin are --' cells and they do so when the blood glucose level -----

Bones--- Kidneys --- Small Intestines

The target organs of PTH are ---, ---, ---'

Renin - aldosterone

When blood pressure decreases, secretion of aldosterone is stimulated by the ---- - ---- mechanism

LH

The direct stimulus for the secretion of testosterone is

Glycogen, glucose

The effect of epinephrine on the liver is to increase the conversion of ------- to --------

Release of Milk

The effect of oxytocin on the mammary glands is to stimulate the ---

Contraction --- Labor, Delivery, Birth

The effect of oxytocin on the uterus is to cause --- for ---,---,---.

Sympathetic

The effects of epinephrine are very similar to those of the ------ nervous system

Adrenal

The endocrine gland composed of a cortex and medulla, each with specific functions

Thyroid --- Parathyroid Gland

The endocrine gland that is on the front of the trachea is the ---- and on the back of this gland are the --- ---

Adrenal Glands ----Pancreas

The endocrine glands that are on top of the kidneys are the --- glands and the gland in the curve of the duodenum is the -----

Pituitary ---- Adrenal Gland

The endocrine glands that have two distinct parts are the ---- and the -----

Islets of Langerhaus

The endocrine parts of the pancreas sre called

Sodium potassium

The function of aldosterone is to increase renal reabsorption of ---- ions and excretion of ------ ions

Pineal

The gland in the brain that is regulated by light

Adrenal cortex

The hormone aldosterone is secreted by the ------,and it's target organs are the kidneys

Fats and Excess Amino Acids

The hormone cortisol stimulates most body cells to use ----- and ---- for energy production

FSH, testosterone

The hormone directly necessary for the development of sperm in the testes are ---- and -------'.

Aldosterone

The hormone from the adrenal cortex that regulates sodium and potassium reabsorption in the kidney tubules

Melatonin

The hormone produced by the pineal gland

Receptors

The hormone that a cell will respond to are determined by the --- on the cells membrane or in its cytoplasm

DM

A disease in which insulin function is abnormally low

Addison disease

A disease resulting from adrenal cortex hypoactivity

Graves disease

A form of hyperthyroidism

Myxedema

A form of hypothyroidism in adults

FSH

A gonadotropic hormone

Estrogen

A hormone produced by the ovaries

ADH

A hormone synthesized in the Hypothalamus

Thymosin

A hormone that aids in the maturation of T lymphocytes

ANF

A hormone that lowers blood pressure

Insulin

A hormone that lowers the blood glucose level

PTH

A hormone that raises the blood calcium level

Glucagon

A pancreatic hormone that raises the blood glucose level

Negative Feedback

A regulating mechanism that contains it's own brake is called a --- ---- mechanism

Goiter

Any enlargement of the thyroid gland

Glucagon

Blood glucose level is raised by the pancreatic hormone -----

Thyroid ----- Bones

Calcitonin is secreted by the --- gland and its target organs are ----

Amino Acids ----Proteins

Growth hormone stimulates the transport of --- into cells to be used for the synthesis of ---

Decreases

In a negative feedback mechanism when the effect of a hormone increases the secretion of the hormone ---

Testosterone and Inhibin

In men the two hormones secreted by the testes

Hormone --- Receptor

In the two - messenger mechanism of the action of protein hormones the first messenger is the ---- which must bond to a--- on the cell Membrane

Cyclic AMP ---- Enzymes

In the two - messenger mechanism of the action of protein hormones, the second messenger is --- which actives specific --- within the cell

Parathyroid

One of the tiny glands located behind the thyroid gland

Cell Membrane

Prostaglandins are produced by most cells from parts of their

ACTH ---- Anterior Pituitary

Secretion of cortisol is stimulated by ---- from the ---- gland

TSH --- Anterior Pituitary

Secretion of thyroxine is stimulated by --- from the --- gland

Clotting

Some prostaglandins are necessary for the --- of blood

Genes

Steroid hormones are believed to exert their effects by activating certain --- within a cell

Prolactin

The anterior pituitary hormone that stimulates milk synthesis

ACTH

The anterior pituitary hormone that stimulates the adrenal cortex

Dehydration

The direct stimulus for secretion of ADH is ---

Hypocalcemia

The direct stimulus for secretion of Calcitonin is ---

Hypocalcemia

The direct stimulus for secretion of PTH is ------

Decreased BP, Blood Volume, Sodium

The direct stimulus for secretion of aldosterone is----

Sympathetic Nerve Impulse

The direct stimulus for secretion of epinephrine is ----

Hypoglycemia

The direct stimulus for secretion of glucagon is ---

GHRH

The direct stimulus for secretion of growth hormone is ----

Hypoglycemia

The direct stimulus for secretion of insulin is ----

TSH

The direct stimulus for secretion of thyroxine is ---

FSH

The direct stimulus for the secretion of estrogen is


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