Chapter 18

Which of the following statements about blood is false? A. Most adults have 4 to 6 liters of blood. B. An excess of plasma protein causes the blood to flow too sluggishly. C. As the protein content of the blood plasma drops, so does its osmolarity. D. The fluid remaining after blood clots is the same as blood plasma.

D. The fluid remaining after blood clots is the same as blood plasma.

Which of the following statements is true about a male with a normal amount of red blood cells? A. His hematocrit reading is 43%. B. His hemoglobin concentration is 10g/dL. C. His red blood cell count is 3.6 million/microliter. D. His blood is 69% plasma.

His hematocrit reading is 43%

What percent of the WBCs are monocytes in a healthy individual?

38%

A differential WBC count shows an abnormally high count of mature neutrophils. This is a sign of

bacterial infection.

Jaundice reflects an accumulation of ____ in the blood.

bilirubin

Platelets do all of the following except A. help form blood clots. B. help a blood vessel repair itself. C. secrete clotting factors. D. carry oxygen to injured areas of tissue. E. secrete vasoconstrictors which promote vascular spasms.

carry oxygen to injured areas of tissue.

Sickle-cell disease is caused by a dominant allele that alters the structure of beta hemoglobin.

false

Vascular spasm is triggered by all but which of the following?

growth factors secreted by platelets

Another name for the erythrocyte fraction is the ________________.

hematocrit

Which of the following is incorrectly matched? A. lymphocytes: dark purple cytoplasmic granules B. eosinophils: red cytoplasmic granules C. neutrophils: nucleus divided into two or five lobes D. monocytes: large blood cells with round or kidney-shaped nucleus

lymphocytes: dark purple cytoplasmic granules

The largest of the formed elements is this WBC.

monocytes

The term "formed elements" refers to

the cellular components of blood.

The intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of blood clotting differ from each other only up to the point where factor X is activated.

true

Which of the following is true? A. A vascular spasm is a short-lived constriction of a leaking vessel. B. Platelet plugs are formed when exposed collagen fibers in a broken blood vessel come in contact with platelets. C. Coagulation is the formation of fibrin threads from plasma fibrinogen. D. All of the above are true.

All of the above are true.

A person with type A blood has

Anti-B agglutinin

Most procoagulants are proteins produced by the ______.

Liver

The gene for sickle cell arose as a defense for what disease?

Malaria

Erythrocytes constitute less percentage of whole blood volume than plasma. However, they settle at the bottom because

numerous red blood cells give this fraction a very high density, the plasma is ~ 98% water, white blood cells and platelets are less dense.