Chapter 2-5
How does an artist's use of directional forces differ from the use of emphasis and subordination in a work of art?
Directional forces create a path around the work of art.
What reason did the Brooklyn Museum of Art use to successfully challenge censorship of Chris Ofili's Holy Virgin Mary?
Elephant dung is an art medium in certain African cultures.
Who did the Philadelphia Museum of Art challenge as an inappropriate judge of artistic quality about Evelyne Axell's Ice Cream?
How did many people in the Middle Ages learn about bible stories?
From stained-glass windows in churches
Even if we do not understand the text, what element of visual delight can ancient Chinese calligraphy demonstrate?
Graceful arrangements of harmonious forms
One characteristic of beauty in many seventeenth-century landscape paintings is
Harmonious balanced proportions
Why did Matisse believe that design was as important to a composition as facial expressions and gestures?
He believed that the arrangement of visual elements was necessary to create an expressive composition.
What distinguishes formal art criticism from other theories used to evaluate art?
It focuses primarily on the art object itself.
Why is line a primary means of visual communication?
It is a basic means of recording and documenting ideas.
What is the significance of Miller v. California?
It set standards for the censorship of art in the United States.
What caused the negative response to Impressionism by contemporary audiences in the nineteenth century?
It was so different from traditional painting.
Why did Frank Lloyd Wright use the hollyhock flower to embellish Alice Barnsdall's house?
It was the owner's favorite flower
What is one element that reinforces the power and grandeur of the Supreme Court?
Its massive size
What is one reason that contemporary artists use artificial light as a medium?
Light can radiate into the viewer's space
Why was Maya Lin's Vietnam War Memorial initially controversial?
People felt that it was too different from traditional war monuments
In traditional Eskimo societies of Southwest Alaska, masks are often associated with
Ritual and spiritual transformations
What distinguishes the use of balance in sculpture from its use in painting?
Sculpture must consider balance for structural purposes.
What is a two-dimensional or implied two-dimensional area defined by line or changes in color called?
Shape
What is one reason that Frida Kahlo's self-portraits are considered so expressive?
She shared the lifelong pain and emotional distress that she suffered.
Sainte-Chapelle originally functioned as a
Storehouse for precious relics
What mystic tradition informed Shirazeh Houshiary's work Ancient Light?
Sufi
Why do many public buildings employ symmetrical balance in their designs?
Symmetrical balance suggests stability and permanence.
The arrangement of tubes in Nancy Holt's Sun Tunnels creates a viewing experience much like a
Telescope
What media has largely replaced paintings for storytelling for today's mass audiences?
Televisions and films
The style of the U.S. Supreme Court building is based on architecture from what period?
The Roman Republic
In Benin, the use of brass casting is reserved for
The Royal Family
What contextual information supports the notion that the vacant niche in Titian's Pietà may be a symbol of death?
The painting was done during an epidemic of the plague.
Why is it difficult to determine the cash value of artworks in museums?
They are outside the marketplace system and most will never be sold.
Most artists want a balance of unity and variety because
that combination usually yields the most interesting compositions.
What can we best determine from the $179.4 million auction price for a cubist painting by Pablo Picasso?
the economic value of the painting when it was sold
Chiaroscuro is a technique used to create
the illusion of rounded forms
Which detail in Titian's Noli Me Tangere best demonstrates the principle of subordination in design?
the muted colors of the landscape
What is one reason that Claes Oldenburg and Coosje van Bruggen exaggerated scale in Shuttlecocks?
to poke fun at museum practices
One way that architects can increase the perception of space in a structure is by
raising the ceiling height.
What distinguishes a form from a shape?
A form appears to be three-dimensional.
Which of the following best expresses slow, rhythmic movement?
A gently curving line
What was one type of art that was censored in Nazi Germany?
Abstract Art
What distinguishes analysis from factual information or evaluation when writing about a work of art?
Analysis considers how different elements work together.
Why was Judy Taylor's History of Labor in Maine eventually removed from its place in the headquarters of Maine's Labor Department?
As the painting's owner, the government could remove it.
A formal analysis of Sonia Delaunay-Terk's Simultaneous Contrast would probably address the artistic influence of
Cubism.
What technique did Alê Abreu use to create texture in his digital work?
He incorporated hand and digital drawing
How did Goya evoke a sense of motion on the part of the bullfighter in The Agility and Daring of Juanito Apinani?
He placed the bullfighter on the intersection of the diagonal axes.
What is one reason that Abraham Cruzvillegas used junk materials gathered from his neighborhood to make Autoconstruccíon Suites?
He wanted the materials to represent the way that his family gradually built their house.
What was the reason Matisse took so many photographs of his drawings for Large Reclining Nude?
He was interested in documenting how design could affect a final work that began with a naturalistic drawing.
What contextual information may be relevant to our understanding of Sonia Delaunay-Terk's Simultaneous Contrast?
Her paintings informed her work in fabric design and fashion.
Aesthetics is a branch of philosophy that studies
How and why artworks are beautiful
What is one reason that much Greek sculpture is idealized?
Idealization communicated dignity, simplicity, and calm grandeur.
What is one advantage of a well-designed object?
It can enrich our daily lives
How does the change in the scale of the "5" function in Charles Demuth's I Saw The Figure 5 in Gold?
It draws the viewer deeper into the painting.
What is one way that traditional Chinese painters created atmospheric perspective?
They used light washes of ink and color on paper to suggest distant mountains.
Why was the Taj Mahal built?
To commemorate the death of a royal wife
What was Wassily Kandinsky's goal for paintings such as Composition VI?
To infect viewers with the emotion he felt while creating them
Why is it possible for a small yellow form to balance a large blue form?
Warm colors appear heavier than cool colors.
Which question would be asked in an expressive theory about a work of art?
Who made it?
What is one factor common to both Eva Zeisel's work and Yoruba indigo-dyed cloth?
Women are responsible for the design
What is one factor that influences Eva Zeisel in all her designs?
a playful search for beauty
Overlapping objects on a two-dimensional plane is one way to
achieve depth on a flat surface.
What is kinetic art?
art that moves
What design principle does Damien Hirst's Posterity—The Holy Place perfectly exemplify?
balance
Most people are conditioned to see objects and figures as
positive space.
Daniel Chester French wanted spotlights installed above his sculpture of Abraham Lincoln in the Lincoln Memorial in order to
change the sculpture's expressive impact.
4 / 4 pts What color grouping produces the strongest contrasts when used side by side?
complementary
Which term refers to the organization of visual elements in a painting or a photograph?
composition
An analysis of references to jazz music in Jean-Michel Basquiat's Horn Players demonstrates which critical approach?
contextual
Critics using which critical approach might look first at environmental influences on the artist?
contextual
Beauty is defined according to
different ideals that vary across cultures
Which creators rely most on light primary colors in their work?
digital
Museums are interested in buying and exhibiting works that
embody high-quality standards determined by experts.
Artists use contrast, color intensity, position, and size to create
emphasis on a specific area of the work
What tends to distinguishes art in our society today?
emphasis on individual achievement and self-expression
Which can be described as an "artist-centered" approach to evaluating a work of art?
expressive art criticism
Which of the following is a visual media where the impression of time can be compressed, expanded, run backward, and rewound?
film
What design problem is presented by the subject matter in Lavinia Fontana's Noli Me Tangere?
foregrounding the standing and prostrate figures
Which is usually the easiest part of writing about a work of art?
providing factual information
In art terms, volume refers to
form enclosing space
The interpretation that Titian's Pietà demonstrates the artist's liberation from the restrained style of his youth relies on
formal analysis of the painting's visual characteristics.
Explaining the innovations of Jean-Michel Basquiat's Horn Players would involve which approach to writing about art? Correct Answer formalism
formalism
The most common man-made shapes are
geometric.
How did van Gogh create texture in his paintings?
he used thick paint to show obvious brushstrokes
Compared to Shy Glance, Vigée-LeBrun's Self-Portrait in a Straw Hat demonstrates a
high degree of traditional painting skill.
Where does Peter de Hooch use repetition as an organizing principle in Interior of a Dutch House?
in the rectangular shapes that form the floor tiles
Which of the following is characteristic of a highly saturated painting?
intense use of color
Which of the following is always a characteristic of line?
length always predominates over height or depth
What concept of time did Italian fifteenth-century narrative paintings demonstrate?
linear
In a painting, a simulated texture
looks like the real thing being represented.
The most vibrant color sensations in modern four-color printing come from
placing tiny drops of pure hues next to each other
One way that Jacob Lawrence created unity in Going Home was by
repeating the use of red in a variety of shapes.
What is one way that Wallace Berman created a sense of rhythm in Untitled?
repetition of hands and radio shape
Dawn Marie Jingagian's Shy Glance has obvious
sincerity.
What is the design principle for creating a neutral area that does not distract from the area of emphasis?
subordination
Which element is necessary to create an all-over pattern in an artwork?
the repetition of a set of ordered elements
A person typically experiences scale in relation to
the size of his or her body.
One reason for the extremely small size of Cruzeiro do Sul (Southern Cross) was
to draw attention to the lack of importance many people give to Southern Hemisphere countries.
One way that John McCracken achieved unity with the work Untitled was
using the same unvarying color throughout the piece.
What combination of lines provides stability in a composition?
vertical and horizontal lines
The cash value of a work indicates
what a buyer will pay at a given time.
When does art fulfill an expressive function?
when it conveys information about an artist's personality
When is a vanishing point necessary in a painting?
when using linear perspective
What criteria did the Aztecs use to evaluate artistic quality?
whether it resembled art by a neighboring people