chapter 2-P.S.
The idea that political power ultimately rests with the people is a core part of the concept of
legitimacy
According to Jean Bodin, sovereignty is not without limits. Which of the following can limit a leader's practice of sovereignty?
natural law
When Italy invaded Ethiopia in 1935, the League of Nations
placed sanctions on Italy, but those sanctions were not enforced.
The nationalist reaction to economic and political globalization that became prominent in the mid-2010s is known as
populism
Legitimacy
rests on the people rather then monarchs and leader
In the balance of power in Europe following the Napoleonic Wars, which state played the role of "builder of alliances"?
russia
Napoleon's army was defeated after invading which country?
russia
The authority of a state to govern matters within its own borders free from external interference is known as
sovereignty
The idea behind the balance of power is that
states are less likely to go to war when their power is relatively symmetrical to that of their adversaries.
Sovereignty
supreme power or authority
When Iraq invaded Kuwait in 1990,
the Soviet Union/Russia supported a military UN mission to remove Iraq from Kuwait
Cold War
the power struggle between the Soviet Union and the United States after World War II
What does the period immediately following the Treaties of Westphalia represent to the study of international relations?
the rise of secular authority
In 2014, the Russian Federation invaded
ukraine
The New Millennium
-9/11 caused Homeland Security to be created -International financial crisis devastated the world economy—the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression. -Arab Spring
The Aftermath of World War II
-Massive human rights violations, particularly genocide, leading to creation of the Geneva Conventions -First use of nuclear weapons technology -Emergence of two superpowers: the United States and the Soviet Union -United Nations
Treaties of Westphalia
-two treaties in 1648 that ended the Thirty Years' War and created the modern international system -Treaties ending the Thirty Years War in Europe in 1648; in international relations represents the beginning of state sovereignty within a territorial space
In which countries did the Islamic State control large swaths of territory at the height of its power in 2016?
Iraq and Syria
At the height of colonialism, __________ was one of the only Asian countries that was not under direct European or U.S. influence.
Japan
End of the Cold War
Marked by the fall of the Soviet Union which was the result of Eastern European countries gaining independence, Gorbachev's reform policies, and a series of nuclear limitation treaties.
Solidification of Alliances
Triple Alliance forms, 1882 (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy). Dual Alliance counters, 1893 (France, Russia). Entente Cordiale forms, 1904 (Britain, France). BECAUSE OF WW1
Nationalism
a people comes to identify with a common past, language, customs, and territory
The Congress of Berlin in 1855 divided __________ between the major powers.
africa
the strategic idea held during the Cold War that aimed to protect the status quo from further Soviet expansion is known as
containment
In the nineteenth century, under the balance-of-power system, states formed alliances on what basis?
counteracting powerful factions
__________ is the annexation of distant territory and its inhabitants to an empire.
imperialism
During the Cold War, the alliance between the United States and the Western European powers was known as the __________ and the alliance between the Soviet Union and east European powers was known as the __________.
North Atlantic Treaty Organization; Warsaw Pact
Balance of Power
-States with relatively equal power offset concentrations of power to prevent the emergence of hegemonies or hegemonic blocks. -When one state or coalition of states is much more powerful than others (asymmetrical balance), war is likely. -Less powerful states form alliances to counteract more powerful states.
The Immediate Post-Cold War Era
-The United States becomes the world's biggest military and economic power, while Russia rebuilds after economic and political collapse. -Increased ethnic conflict: Yugoslavia disintegrates into independent states, and the United Nations and North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) respond.
Which countries made up the Concert of Europe in the nineteenth century?
Austria, Britain, France, Prussia, and Russia
