chapter 25 test questions

You are assessing a patient who was in a front-end car crash. His CGS score is 12, his systolic blood pressure is 81 mm Hg, and his respiratory rate is 22 breaths/min. What is this patient's Revised Trauma Score? 7 10 12 15

10: The patient's RTS is 10: GCS score of 12 = 3; SBP of 81 mm Hg = 3; and RR of 22 breaths/min = 4

You are assessing a patient who opens her eyes when you speak to her, who can respond to you but seems confused as to time and place, and who localizes pain. What is her Glasgow Coma Scale score? 7 10 12 15

12: This patient would have a GCS score of 12: 3 for eye opening; 4 for confused conversation; and 5 for localizing pain.

How many collisions are there in a typical vehicle impact? 1 2 3 4

3: car against object passenger against interior of car internal organs against solid structures of the body

Which of the following would MOST likely occur as the direct result of the second collision in a motor vehicle crash?

Deformed steering wheel

Which of the following findings would be LEAST suggestive of the presence of high-energy trauma?

Deployment of the air bag

You would mostly commonly use the Revised Trauma Score scoring system for a patient with the potential for what type of trauma? Abdominal Head Chest Extremity

Head

By what mechanism is a person injured when he or she falls from a significant height?

Potential energy is converted to kinetic energy; the kinetic energy is then converted into the work of bringing the body to a stop.

Which of the following interventions is the MOST critical to the outcome of a patient with multisystem trauma?

Rapid transport to a trauma center

What types of motor vehicle collisions present the greatest potential for multiple impacts?

Rotational and rollover

At what step in the ACS- COT/CDC updated field triage decision scheme would you assess the mechanism of injury and evidence of high- energy impact? Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4

Step 3

When evaluating the mechanism of injury of a car versus pedestrian collision, you should first:

approximate the speed of the vehicle that struck the pedestrian.

When treating a patient who experienced a pulmonary blast injury, you should:

avoid giving oxygen under positive pressure.

The phenomenon in which the rapid changes in tissue and fluid pressure that occur with the passage of a projectile result in serious injury to internal organs distant to the actual path of the bullet is known as: cavitation. drag. fragmentation. tumble

cavitation

The phenomenon of pressure waves emanating from the bullet, causing damage remote from its path, is known as:

cavitation

Signs of a pulmonary blast injury include:

coughing up blood

Airbags are designed to:

decrease the severity of deceleration injuries.

If a person is standing near a building that explodes, which of the following injuries would he or she MOST likely experience as a result of the pressure wave?

eardrum rupture

According to the American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma (ACS-COT), an adult trauma patient should be transported to the highest level of trauma center if he or she:

has a GCS score of less than or equal to 13 with a mechanism attributed to trauma.

In contrast to a Level III trauma center, a Level I trauma center must.

have general surgeons that are in-house 24 hours a day.

The cervical spine is MOST protected from whiplash-type injuries when the:

headrest is appropriately positioned.

Evaluation of the interior of a crashed motor vehicle during extrication will allow the EMT to:

identify contact points and predict potential injuries.

A driver involved in a rollover motor vehicle crash will MOST likely experience serious injuries or death if he or she:

is ejected or partially ejected.

The energy of a moving object is called:

kinetic energy

What level of trauma center provides prompt assessment, resuscitation, and stabilization of injured patients and emergency operations? Level I Level Il Level Ill Level IV

level 3

When assessing the interior of a crashed motor vehicle for damage, you are gathering information regarding the

mechanism of injury

When assessing an elderly patient who fell, it is important to remember that.

osteoporosis can cause a fracture as a result of a fall from a standing position

When assessing a patient who experienced a blast injury, it is important to remember that

primary blast injuries are the most easily overlooked.

When the speed of a motor vehicle doubles, the amount of kinetic energy:

quadruples

In which type of vehicle crash are you most likely to find a patient with whiplash injuries? Frontal Rear-end Rollover Rotational

rear end

When a motor vehicle strikes a tree while traveling at 40 mph, the unrestrained occupant:

remains in motion until acted upon by an external force.

When caring for an occupant inside a motor vehicle equipped with an airbag that did not deploy upon impact, you should:

remember that it could still deploy and seriously injure you.

What type of blast injury occurs when objects are propelled by the force of the blast wave and strike the victim, causing injury? Primary Secondary Tertiary Quaternary

secondary

Which of the following factors has the greatest impact on the risk of injury? Distance Mass Speed Gravity

speed

If one or more occupants in the same vehicle are killed in a crash, the EMT should:

suspect that all living occupants experienced the same serious trauma.

Internal injuries caused by gunshot wounds are difficult to predict because:

the bullet may tumble or ricochet within the body.

Factors that should be considered when assessing a patient who has fallen include all of the following, EXCEPT:

the speed of the fall.

You should consider air medical transport of a trauma patient if:

traffic conditions hamper the ability to get the patient to a trauma center by ground within the ideal time frame for the best clinical outcome.

The driver of a sport utility vehicle lost control and struck a utility pole head-on. The driver was killed instantly. The passenger, a young female, is conscious and alert and has several small abrasions and lacerations to her left forearm. Treatment for the passenger should include:

transport to a trauma center.

Force acting over a distance is the definition of:

work

The index of suspicion is MOST accurately defined as:

your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying injuries.