Chapter 6.1 Textbook Quiz

In ________ conditioning, the unconditioned stimulus unconditionally elicits a reaction. For example, a bit of black pepper blown into the eye produces a blinking response. classical operant response stimulus

classical

Which of the following is a process by which we learn to associate stimuli and, consequently, to anticipate events? classical conditioning controlled conditioning physiological conditioning psychic conditioning

classical conditioning

Birds migrating, cats chasing prey, sea turtles moving toward the ocean immediately after birth, and joeys moving to the mother's pouch immediately after birth are all examples of ________. conditioning instincts learning reflexes

instincts

What are innate behaviors that are triggered by a broader range of events, such as aging and the change of seasons? conditions instincts operants reflexes

instincts

In classical conditioning, the association that is learned is between a ________. conditioned stimulus and an unconditioned response neutral response and a conditioned response neutral stimulus and a neutral response neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus

neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus

Kicking your leg when your knee is tapped and quickly pulling your hand back when you accidentaly touch a hot stove are both examples of ________. associations instincts learning reflexes

reflexes

In classical conditioning, the ________ is an unlearned reaction to a given stimulus. For example, if you have an allergy to pollen and sneeze, sneezing is an unlearned reaction to the pollen (i.e., the stimulus). conditioned response conditioned stimulus unconditioned response unconditioned stimulus

unconditioned response

Grace whistles while tickling Khaleel with a feather. Eventually, Khaleel starts to squirm and giggle every time Grace whistles, even when he is not being tickled. In this example, squirming and giggling is a(n) ________. conditioned response conditioned stimulus unconditioned response unconditioned stimulus

conditioned response

In ________ conditioning, an established conditioned stimulus is paired with a new neutral stimulus. higher order initial primary secondary

higher order

To maximize learning, a ________ should be presented on a(n) ________ schedule. CS + UCS; continuous CS + UCS; intermittent UCS alone; continuous UCS alone; intermittent

CS + UCS; continuous

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? In classical conditioning, the initial period of learning is known as latent. The word "classical" should be changed to the word "operant." The word "conditioning" should be changed to the word "behaviorism." The word "initial" should be changed to the word "interval." The word "latent" should be changed to the word "acquisition."

The word "latent" should be changed to the word "acquisition."

Kieran is attempting to condition a parrot to greet him when he enters the room. He repeatedly pairs his entry to the room with a treat for the parrot. Kieran can say that ________ has occurred as soon as the parrot greets him in response to his entry. acquisition extinction secondary conditioning stimulation

acquisition

n the initial period of learning, ________ describes when an organism learns to connect a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus. acquisition conditioning extinction neutral stimulate

acquisition

Which of the following is an example of stimulus generalization? being conditioned not to laugh at hats being conditioned to laugh at all kinds of hats being conditioned to laugh when you see a top hat and cry when you see other kinds of hats being conditioned to laugh when you see a top hat, then also laughing when you see other kinds of hats

being conditioned to laugh when you see a top hat, then also laughing when you see other kinds of hats

Which experiment involves the use of classical conditioning? blindfolding someone and timing him to see how long he takes to find a button hidden in a room determining how long it takes a person to learn how to knit if he is only allowed to watch YouTube videos of people knitting knowing that a student fears exams, the instructor wears a bright red shirt only on exam day, every exam day, to see how long it is before the red shirt becomes an object of fear to the student rewarding a boy for finishing his vegetables with ice cream and counting how many nights of reinforcement are required before he voluntarily eats his vegetables

knowing that a student fears exams, the instructor wears a bright red shirt only on exam day, every exam day, to see how long it is before the red shirt becomes an object of fear to the student

Julian watches his grandfather repair watches. As Julian matures he imitates what his grandfather does, and then his grandfather shows him more complicated techniques. Eventually, Julian is as proficient at repairing watches as his grandfather. This exemplifies ________. instinct learning reflex stimulus

learning

What do psychologists call a relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge that results from experience? conditioning instincts learning reflexes

learning

Dymesha watches her older sister do headstands. Dymesha falls over when she attempts to do a headstand herself. She watches her older sister more carefully, and she notices that her sister leans backward slightly to complete her headstand. Dymesha is then able to do headstands herself. Which type of learning is this? classical conditioning observational operant

observational

Mia is taught to go to sleep when the light is turned off. However, for many months Mia no longer falls asleep when the light is turned off. Later, Mia begins to fall asleep when the light is turned off again. This is an example of ________. classical conditioning higher order conditioning neutral stimulus spontaneous recovery

spontaneous recovery

Dimitri and Rita eat some donuts for breakfast and then spend the morning at an amusement park. After a few hours of riding the Super Looper Double Twist Dimitri feels nauseous and regurgitates the donuts. Rita is fine, but Dimitri has developed a ________, and the next time they stop for donuts, Dimitri immediately feels ill. taste aversion taste response unconditioned aversion unconditioned response

taste aversion