Chemistry: Reactions and Kinetics

Synthesis Reaction

A + B → AB

Single Replacement Reaction

A + Bx → Ax + B

Inhibitors

A substance that decays, slows, or prevents a chemical reaction from occurring.

Decomposition Reaction

AB → A+ B

Which change would most likely increase the rate of a chemical reaction?

Adding a catalyst to the reaction mixture.

In order for a chemical reaction to occur, there must always be ▁▁▁.

An effective collision between reacting particles.

Double Replacement Reaction

Ax + By → Ay + Bx

Raising the temperature speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction by increasing ▁▁▁.

Both the effectiveness of the collision and the frequency of the collisions.

O₂ is always a reactant for what type of reaction?

Combustion Reaction

As the number of effective collisions between reacting particles decreases, the rate of the reaction ▁▁▁.

Decreases

Kinetic Theory

Describes that fluids as consisting of many small particles (atom or molecules) which are in constant, random motion.

A decrease in temperature decreases the rate of all chemical reactions because the lower temperature causes a decrease in the ▁▁▁.

Effectiveness of collisions between particles.

What state of matter does a reaction proceed most quickly?

Gas

How can kinetic and collision theory help us understand how chemical reaction rates change?

If you can increase he number of collisions or the force of the collisions you will change reaction rates.

Mixing

If you mix a reaction solution you increase the chances of reactants coming in contact by increasing motion of reactants and exposing reactants.

In a gaseous system, temperature remains constant, an increase in pressure by decreasing the volume will ▁▁▁.

Increase the reaction rate.

As the concentration of a reactant in a chemical reaction increases, the rate of the reaction generally ▁▁▁.

Increases

When a catalysts losers the activation energy of a reaction, the rate of the reaction ▁▁▁.

Increases

Concentration

Increases chances of collision because the reactants are crowed together (more particles

Heat

Increases speed of atoms and molecules making it more likely they will come in contact.

Adding a catalyst to a chemical reaction will▁▁▁.

Lower the activation energy required.

An increase in temperature increases the rate of a chemical reaction because the ▁▁▁.

Number of molecular collisions increases.

Catalysts

Speed up a chemical reaction without taking part in the reaction. It lowers the amount of force/energy needed and helps convert reactions into products by making a different activated complex.

Collision Theory

States that reactions occur when reactants collide with the proper orientation and enough force to cause a reaction.

Kinetics

Study of the speed of chemical reactions.

Surface Area is Reactants

The more exposed the reactants are to each other the greater the chance of a collision.

As users of chemistry, why do we need to study kinetics?

To understand how to speed up and slow down a reaction.