Clinical Anatomy: Neck
functions of deep cervical fascia
- supports the cervical viscera, muscles, vessels, and deep lymph nodes - limit the spread of abscesses (collection of pus) - slipperiness that allows structures in the neck to move and pass over (ex: swallowing, turning head and neck)
innervation of the deep cervical fascia
CN XI (accessory nerve)
prevertebral fascia
Forms a tubular sheath for the vertebral column and the muscles associated with it such as Longus colli, Longus capitis anteriorly, scalenes laterally, and deep cervical muscles posteriorly
The body of the hyoid faces
anteriorly
The clavicles are part of the _____ skeleton.
appendicular skeleton
The cervical vertebrae, hyoid bone, manubrium of the sternum are part of the_______ skeleton
axial skeleton
The neck is located
between the base of the cranium superiorly and the clavicles inferiorly
Platysma
broad thin sheet of muscle in the subcutaneous tissue of the neck
Fracture of the hyoid bone
can occur in strangulation results in depression of hyoid into thyroid cartilage. Inability to elevate the hyoid and move it beneath the tongue makes swallowing and separation of the alimentary and respiration tracts difficult and may result in aspiration pneumonia
Where does lymph from the head and neck drain?
cervical lymph nodes
Bones of the neck include
cervical vertebrae, hyoid bone, manubrium of the sternum, and clavicles
carotid sheath contains
common and internal carotid artery, internal jugular vein, vagus nerve, deep cervical lymph nodes, carotid sinus nerve, sympathetic nerve fibers
Cervical subcutaneous tissue (superficial cervical fascia) contains
cutaneous nerves, blood, lymphatic vessels, fat, and lymph nodes. Anterolaterally it contains the platysma
The hyoid...
does not articulate with any bone
The platysma is supplied by the
facial nerve (CN VII)
The hyoid contains
greater and lesser horns
Hyoid bones lies
in the anterior part of the neck at the level of the C3 vertebra in the angle between the mandible and the thyroid cartilage
What are the deep cervical facia layers?
investing, petracheal, and prevertebral
Cervical subcutaneous tissue (superficial cervical fascia)
layer of fatty connective tissue between the dermis of the skin and investing layer of deep cervical fascia
petracheal fascia
limited to anterior part of neck. extends inferiorly from the hyoid into the thorax where is blends with the fibrous pericardium covering the heart.
The hyoid is suspended by muscles that connect it to the
mandible, styloid processes, thyroid cartilage, manubrium of the sternum, and scapulae
The thyroid cartilage lies where?
middle of anterior aspect of the neck and it is the largest of the cartilages of the larynx and trachea
the retropharyngeal space allows
movement of the pharynx, esophagus, larynx, and trachea, relative to the vertebral column during swallowing
Function of the hyoid bone
serves as an attachment for anterior neck muscles and a prop to keep the airway open
Main arterial blood flow to the head and neck
the carotid arteries
What is the principle venous drainage of the neck and where are they located?
the jugular veins which lie anterolaterally in the neck
investing layer of deep cervical fascia
this layer of deep fascia completely encircles the neck; on each side of the neck, the layer splits to enclose the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles