Cog Psych. Ch.12

Connecting the fortress with the tumor

When the process of analogical problem solving was applied to the fortress and radiation problems, which of the following represented the mapping step of this process?

novel objects before a function was described.

Finke's "creating an object" experiment had participants create a novel object by combining parts. Once they created an object, they were given the name of an object category and instructed to interpret their creation as a practical object or device within that category. Finke used the term preinventive forms to describe the

reorganization or restructuring

Gestalt psychologists consider problem solving as a process involving

noticing, mapping, and applying.

Gick and Holyoak proposed that analogical problem solving involves the following three steps:

bread and butter

In Kaplan and Simon's experiment, they presented different versions of the mutilated checkerboard problem. Participants in the ____ group had the fastest response time.

the way the problem is represented can influence the ease of problem solving.

Kaplan and Simon's experiment presented different versions of the mutilated checkerboard problem. The main purpose of their experiment was to demonstrate that

initial state

Newell and Simon called the conditions at the beginning of the problem the

mapping

As a part of the Monster Problem demonstration, you were asked to figure out how the two problems are related. For example, what do the globes in the monster problem correspond to in the Tower of Hanoi problem? What about the size of the monsters? What does "changing the size of a globe" mean in terms of Tower of Hanoi? etc. In Gick and Holyoak's description of analogical problem solving, this is called _____.

fragile-glass; structural

Holyoak and Koh presented different versions of the light bulb problem to assist in solving the radiation problem. They found the ____ version to be more effective, because it had ____ features in common with the radiation problem.

flexibility; experience

In its discussion of expertise and problem solving, your text identifies the kind of scientists who are most likely to make revolutionary discoveries in their fields. This particular discussion suggests that _____ may be more important than _____ in creative thinking.

Only one globe may be changed at each time.

One of the rules of the classic Tower of Hanoi problem is "only one disk can be moved at any time". What is the corresponding rule of the Monster Problem?

structural features

People are most successful at noticing an analogous relationship between problems if they focus on

Russian marriage

The analogy that makes the solution to the mutilated checkerboard problem obvious is the ____ problem.

representation and restructuring

The circle problem, in which the task is to determine the length of a line inside a circle, was proposed to illustrate

deep structure

The classic Tower of Hanoi problem and the Monsters and Globes problem share the same ______.

operators

The elements of the problem space include all of the following EXCEPT

analogy

The radiation problem was used in your text to illustrate the role of ____ in problem solving.

analogies

The text's discussion of the research on in vivo problem solving highlighted that ____ play(s) an important role in solving scientific problems.

seeing more efficient solutions to the problem

The water-jug problem demonstrates that one consequence of having a procedure that does provide a solution to a problem is that, if well-learned, it may prevent us from

Has one correct answer

Which of the following is not part of a complete definition of a problem?

latent inhibition

Your textbook suggests that a trait that appears to be common to both mental illness and creativity is ________.