Community Final NCLEX questions
The community health nurse is trying to encourage a client to attend Alcoholics Anonymous meetings. When the client asks the nurse what he must do to become a member, the nurse should respond: a. "You must first stop drinking." b. "Your physician must refer you to this program." c. "Admit you are powerless over alcohol and that you need help." d. "You must bring along a friend who will support you."
"Admit you are powerless over alcohol and that you need help."
Which statement indicates that further teaching is needed for a patient involved in family planning? "I can't get human papilloma virus (HPV) from my boyfriend because we're not having intercourse. "I need to use condoms to prevent transmission of sexually transmitted diseases." "Even though I have no signs or symptoms, I still may have Chlamydia." "I can give my unborn baby warts during childbirth."
"I can't get human papilloma virus (HPV) from my boyfriend because we're not having intercourse.
The nurse is assisting Sargeant Earl in applying for VA benefits. Which statement made by Sargeant Earl indicates he understands VA benefits? "This is a wonderful health insurance program that will cover all of my health care needs." "I can see any provider I wish under the VA health insurance plan." "I still need to carry private insurance to assist with the most expensive treatments." "My primary care copay is $15 a visit and outpatient specialist copays are $50 per visit."
"My primary care copay is $15 a visit and outpatient specialist copays are $50 per visit."
Which of the following individuals should be evaluated for intimate partner violence (IPV)? (Select all that apply.) a. The 24-year-old white woman with low self-esteem b. The 33 year-old black divorced single mother c. The 18-year-old Hispanic gay man with multiple sexual partners d. The 50-year-old Asian man who is addicted to methamphetamine e. The 48-year-old black woman who was recently hospitalized for depression
-The 24-year-old white woman with low self-esteem -The 18-year-old Hispanic gay man with multiple sexual partners -The 50-year-old Asian man who is addicted to methamphetamine -The 48-year-old black woman who was recently hospitalized for depression
Which of the following assessment findings by the community health nurse would suggest that an elderly client may be the survivor of physical abuse by a caregiver? (Select all that apply.) a. The client has a laceration on her forehead that was sutured. b. The client has a flat affect. c. The client has bruises on her forearms in various stages of healing. d. The client withdraws from soft touch. e. The client is not sexually active but has a diagnosis of Chlamydia.
-The client has a laceration on her forehead that was sutured. -The client has bruises on her forearms in various stages of healing. -The client is not sexually active but has a diagnosis of Chlamydia.
Personality traits associated with an increased risk of alcohol abuse include: (Select all that apply.) a. impulsive. b. shy. c. withdrawn. d. disinhibited. e. aggressive.
-impulsive -disinhibited
The school nurse is interviewing a student who has been assaulted by another student. Both students proclaim to be gang members. The nurse understands the reasons most youth give for joining a gang include the following: (Select all that apply.) a. financial gain. b. sense of belonging. c. peer pressure. d. relative is in a gang. e. need for respect.
-sense of belonging. -peer pressure -need for respect
Which of the following clients is at highest risk for elder abuse? a. A 75-year-old nursing home client who is alert and has osteoporosis b. A 70-year-old client being with dementia cared for at home c. A 65-year-old client who has just had a hip replacement d. A 72-year-old client on a rehabilitation unit with bilateral above-the-knee amputations
A 70-year-old client being with dementia cared for at home
When nonindustrial cultures adopt Western customs and transition into urban environments, Western diseases begin to appear. Epidemiologic studies suggest that common risk factors that contribute these health conditions include: (Select all that apply.) A. changes in diet. B. environmental alterations. C. economic changes. D. increased population density. E. occupational hazards.
A, B, D, E, Epidemiologic studies suggest that common risk factors that contribute to chronic health conditions are changes in diet (e.g., increases in refined sugar and fats and lack of fiber), environmental alterations (e.g., use of motorized transportation and climate-controlled living and work sites), and occupational hazards. An increase in population and population density also increase mental and behavioral disorders. Economic improvements in nonindustrialized communities would decrease the risk of disease. Economic changes in nonindustrialized communities are not listed as a common risk factor that contributes to chronic health conditions
8. A school nurse evaluates the implementation of health promotion in a high school staff. Which of the following indicates a need for more education? a. A flyer advertising an ice cream and pizza party for the student awards program b. Condoms being provided in all restrooms of the school c. A decrease in missed days at school d. The discontinuation of the availability of soft drinks and candy in vending machines during school instructional hours
A. A flyer advertising an ice cream and pizza party for the student awards program
The home health care nurse is measuring the quality of the home health care patient's outcomes. Which elements are included when measuring structural outcomes? (Select all that apply.) A. Client B. Family C. Health status D. Health team E. Intervention
A. Client B. Family D. Health team
Which communicable diseases found in prison inmates is of term-27ongoing concern? (Select all that apply.) A. HIV B. Hepatitis C. Tuberculosis D. Bronchitis E. Chlamydia
A. HIV B. Hepatitis C. Tuberculosis
10. A goal set by Healthy People 2020 includes education to middle, junior, and senior high school students in priority areas. These areas include: (Select all that apply.) a. lack of physical activity. b. poor nutrition. c. alcohol and drug use. d. poor organizational skills. e. injury and violence.
A. Lack of physical activity B. Poor nutrition C. Alcohol and drug use E. Injury and violence
Modern community health nursing requires the nurse to __________, which empowers people to understand and address their health issues and disease. A. practice from a population focus B. adopt a medical model of care C. return to earlier models of prevention D. focus on the individual and family
A. Population-focused nursing care includes people in solving their own health problems and focuses resources and health programs in a way to improve the health of entire populations, which include individuals, families, and communities. Adopting a medical model of care and returning to earlier models of prevention will not empower people to understand and address their health issues. Modern community health nurses focus on the population, not the individual and family.
Which activites are performed by psychiatric forensic nurses? (Select all that apply.) A. Sanity and competency evaluations B. Parole and probation considerations C. Sexual predator screening D.Assessment of prison health clinics E. Evaluation of prison nurses
A. Sanity and competency evaluations B. Parole and probation considerations C. Sexual predator screening
4. A priority health education topic for school-age children is which of the following? a. Schoolyard safety b. Motor vehicle safety c. Sports safety d. Immunization schedules
A. Schoolyard safety
The wife of an alcoholic client is considering joining a support group to help her respond to her husband's condition in a healthy way. Where should the nurse refer this client? a. A psychiatrist for a referral to a suitable group b. Spouses Anonymous c. Al-Anon d. Alcoholics Anonymous
Al-Anon
Lillian Wald and Mary Brewster's Henry Street Settlement was a model of modern health care. Which of the following services was provided to people living in the Lower East Side of New York City by the Henry Street Settlement nurses? (Select all that apply.) A. Emergency care and first aid B. Home visits to ill mothers and children C. School health services D. Industrial health services to local workers E. Support programs for immigrants
B, C, D, E, The Henry Street Settlement was a model comprehensive health care center that provided many services, including home visits to mothers and children, support services for immigrants, the first school health and industrial health programs, and many other services. Emergency care and first aid were not provided services.
In which of the following historical ages would people have had an increased risk for contracting salmonella, anthrax, Q fever, or tuberculosis from the proximity of domesticated animals and herds? A. Hunting and gathering stage B. Settled village stage C. Preindustrial cities stage D. Industrial cities stage
B. During the settled village stage of the Mesolithic period and Neolithic period, people became sedentary, formed villages, and domesticated herds of animals. They lived in close proximity to the animals and contracted diseases such as salmonella, anthrax, Q fever, and so forth because of cross-contamination of water and food supply. In the hunting and gathering stage, groups may have avoided many contagious diseases because the scattered aggregates were small, nomadic, and separated from other aggregates. In the preindustrial stage, large urban centers formed to support the expanding population. In the industrial cities stage, there was an increase in respiratory diseases such as tuberculosis, pneumonia, and bronchitis and in epidemics of infectious diseases such as diphtheria, smallpox, typhoid fever, typhus, measles, malaria, and yellow fever.
Which of the following does NOT accurately describe home health nursing as "officially" defined by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS)? A. Home health care is a system of comprehensive health care for people in their homes. B. Home health care is provided to homebound or disabled people in any residence or medical facility. C. Home health care has as its purpose to promote, maintain, or restore a client's health. D. Home health care requires a coordinated plan of care provided by professional health care providers.
B. Home health care is provided to homebound or disabled people in any residence or medical facility.
The primary purpose of hospice care is to do which of the following? A. provide anticipatory grief support to the patient and family. B. improve the quality of life for the terminally ill patients. C. decrease the cost of traditional home health services. D. coordinate the services reimbursed by Medicare for terminally ill patients.
B. Improve the quality of life for the terminally ill patients.
6. A school nurse knows that under the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, a student's health record can be released: a. if the student is not a minor. b. in an emergency. c. to educators not involved in the student's education. d. without the student's or guardian's permission.
B. In an emergency
Joanne, a 37-year-old incarcerated woman, is reluctant to seek medical attention for a routine Pap smear. The correctional nurse knows which of the following? A. this is usual; women do not seek health services as much as men in this setting. B. other factors may be influencing Joanne's hesitancy in seeking medical attention. C. Joanne is delaying the visit because she probably has a sexually transmitted disease or HIV. D. because she is not sexually active, Joanne is not in need of a Pap smear at this time.
B. Other factors may be influencing Joanne's hesitancy in seeking medical attention.
5. A 6-year-old child fails a routine vision screening on a Snellen chart at a school-based health center. The appropriate action by the nurse is to do which of the following? a. Rescreen the child in the following year. b. Refer the child to an eye specialist. c. Use a Rosenbaum chart instead of a Snellen chart. d. Do an internal ophthalmologic examination.
B. Refer the child to an eye specialist
During the Renaissance period, much was learned about health and disease. The Elizabethan Poor Law was enacted during this time to: A. govern personal and community hygiene such as contagion, disinfection, and sanitation. B. make local parishes responsible for caring for the poor in the community. C. enforce hygienic codes from Leviticus and establish leper houses. D. legislate social reform, addressing issues such as child welfare and factory management.
B. Under the Elizabethan Poor Law, parishes established workhouses to employ the poor. Orphaned and indigent children were considered wards of the parish and were often forced to work long hours and live in substandard housing that negatively affected their health. The Minoans created laws that governed personal and community hygiene. In the Middle Ages, the church enforced hygienic codes from Leviticus and established leper houses. Social reform was legislated by the General Board of Health for England in 1848.
According to the American Nurses Association's (ANA) Scope and Standards of Home Health Nursing Practice, basic preparation for the generalist home health nurse is: A. an associate degree in nursing. B. a baccalaureate degree in nursing (BSN). C. a diploma in nursing. D. a master of science degree in nursing.
B. a baccalaureate degree in nursing (BSN)
A 16-year-old young woman arrives at the local emergency department (ED) early Sunday morning and states, "I was on a date last night, and the last thing I remember was eating dinner with my boyfriend." She comments that she woke up in her bed with her clothes "messed up" and states, "I just don't feel right down there" as she points to her genital area. She appears medically stable. Which of the following health care providers would be most appropriate to conduct the physical examination? A. An experienced obstetrical nurse because the patient could be pregnant B. A SANE (sexual assault nurse examiner) C. The physician on call in the ED department D. An emergency nurse
B. sexual assault nurse examiner
Which of the following "determinants of health" would include predisposition to prostate cancer and a history of depression? Biology Behaviors Social environment Physical environment
Biology
Which of the following statements would indicate that the hospice patient's caregiver understood the nurse's instructions related to pain management? A. "I didn't wake him (the patient) up last night for the 2:00 AM dose because he was sleeping." B. "I gave him (the patient) the ordered medicine whenever he complained of pain." C. "I gave the pain medicine every 3 hours as we planned even when he (the patient) didn't complain of pain." D. "I'm worried he (the patient) will become hooked on the medicine, so I only gave one-half of the dose."
C. "I gave the pain medicine every 3 hours as we planned even when he (the patient) didn't complain of pain."
Edwin Chadwick's Report on an Inquiry into the Sanitary Conditions of the Laboring Population of Great Britain greatly contributed to the development of the: A. National Organization for Public Health Nursing. B. American Medical Association. C. General Board of Health for England. D. National Institute.
C. Chadwick's report was published in 1842 and began a move toward legislation resulting in social reform. The General Board of Health for England was established in 1848 as a result of this social reform. The National Organization for Public Health Nursing was formed as an organization for public health nurses. The American Medical Association was formed as an organization for physicians in the mid-1800s. The National Institute is a scientific organization based in Washington, DC.
The current home health care industry grew until the late 1990s, when the number of agencies and home health care services significantly declined. This decline was the result of which of the following? A. Failure of traditional home health services to change to meet the needs of clients with new needs such as AIDS patients, terminally ill patients, and increasing numbers of elderly B. Advanced technology that resulted in new procedures and equipment not possible for use in the home C. Changes in reimbursement that resulted from the implementation of the prospective payment system (PPS) for home health care, particularly for Medicare patients D. Nurses lack of knowledge regarding cost-containment stra
C. Changes in reimbursement that resulted from the implementation of the prospective payment system (PPS) for home health care, particularly for Medicare patients
Which nursing intervention is the most appropriate as an initial intervention for a prison inmate? A. Manage a chronic illness through needed education. B. Administer the routine medication ordered. C. Complete the medical history and physical assessment. D. Test for HIV and tuberculosis.
C. Complete the medical history and physical assessment.
9. While verifying compliance with immunization requirements, a school nurse notices that three students from the same family have not completed their immunizations. How should the nurse address this problem? a. Discuss with the principal the lack of immunizations b. Expel the children from school. c. Contact the parents and educate them about the immunization requirements. d. Pull the students from class and immunize them.
C. Contact the parents and educate them about the immunization requirements
3. A week before finals, a school nurse assesses a 15-year-old girl complaining of vague symptoms. All of the following symptoms or behaviors should result in an immediate request for parent or guardian conference and referral to a physician for further evaluation except: a. problems eating or sleeping. b. problems making decisions. c. frequent requests for a visit to the school nurse. d. inability to concentrate.
C. Frequent requests for a visit to the school nurse
Which statement is true concerning home health nursing? A. Home health nursing is a new nursing specialty originating with the inception of Medicare in the 1960s. B. Florence Nightingale is credited with creating the idea of home health nursing. C. Home health nursing has as a purpose to provide nursing care to individuals and clients in their homes. D. Home health nursing has as a purpose to provide nursing care only for the referred individual patient.
C. Home health nursing has as a purpose to provide nursing care to individuals and clients in their homes.
2. A comprehensive school health program should include all of the following except: a. health promotion for staff and health education. b. health services and health education. c. physical examinations and comprehensive health history. d. nutrition services and counseling.
C. Physical examinations and comprehensive health history
Louisiana Health Care is a multistate home health organization consisting of 60 home health agencies. The company is a public company with stocks available on the open market. This is an example of what type of home health agency? A. Official agency B. Nonprofit agency C. Proprietary agency D. Certified agency
C. Proprietary agency
Lemuel Shattuck, a Boston bookseller with an interest in public health, published the 1850 book Report of the Massachusetts Sanitary Commission. Which of the following was NOT a recommendation of the report? A. Keeping a record of vital statistics B. Developing well-infant and well-child care programs C. Introducing modern family planning methods in the United States D. Beginning a system of vaccination and health education
C. Shattuck recommended major health reform that included keeping vital statistics; providing environmental control; food, drug, and communicable disease control; well-infant, well-child, and school-age child health programs; mental health care; vaccination; and health promotion. His recommendations were not implemented until nearly 19 years later, when a state board of health was formed in Massachusetts. Modern family planning methods were not introduced until the 20th century.
Which of the following statements differentiating hospice and traditional home health is NOT true? A. Hospice patients need not be homebound but must be certified as within the last months of life by a physician. B. Hospice services may be provided in the home, hospital, nursing home, or other health care site as appropriate. C. The type of hospice services are limited as in home health care to skilled nursing, social services, physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy. D. The hospice plan of care includes caring for the caregiver during and after the death of the patient.
C. The type of hospice services are limited as in home health care to skilled nursing, social services, physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy.
. Which is true of adolescents who have been convicted and incarcerated in adult facilities rather than in a juvenile facility? A. They are less likely to be sexually assaulted. B. They are usually not attacked by other inmates. C. They are more likely to commit suicide. D. They are less likely to be diagnosed with a mental illness.
C. They are more likely to commit suicide.
It is vital that the forensic psychiatric nurse be knowledgeable about mental illnesses and personality disorders because: A. the nurse will be diagnosing many of the illnesses. B. the nurse will work in psychiatric facilities C. the nurse may be an expert witness in court. D. the nurse will be identifying new cases.
C. the nurse may be an expert witness in court
The home health nurse receives a referral for an evaluation visit for a patient. The nurse notes that the patient's primary diagnosis is end-stage lung cancer and that the patient is currently receiving daily palliative radiation treatments for pain management. This is not an appropriate home health referral because: A. the patient is receiving palliative care. B. the patient's needs are too complex. C. the patient is not homebound. D. the patient does not have a skilled need.
C. the patient is not homebound.
Which of the following actions is inappropriate for a correctional nurse when testifying in court? A) Looking the jurors in the eye when answering questions B)Asking the attorney to repeat a question when not understood C)Practicing saying difficult medical terms before the court date D)Interrupting when necessary to verbalize correct medical information
D) Interrupting when necessary to verbalize correct medical information
Forensic nursing is best defined as which of the following? A. a field of legal nursing in which the nurse works with or for lawyers. B. a field of correctional nursing in which the nurse works with inmates. C. investigational nursing in which the nurse works with law enforcement. D. a link among the health care system, the investigative process, and courts of law. Correct
D. A link among the health care system, the investigative process, and courts of law
What discovery by Edward Jenner resulted in one of the greatest medical advances of the 18th century? A.The benefits of isolation in the control of communicable disease such as bubonic plague B. The discovery that cholera was transmissible through contaminated water C. The identification of modern epidemiologic principles, such as agent-host-environment D. The development of the smallpox vaccination that resulted in immunity after inoculation with the cowpox virus
D. Edward Jenner's observation of a decline in the incidence of smallpox among people who worked with cows lead to his investigation of the connection between cowpox and smallpox and the development of the smallpox vaccination that prevented the disease in humans. At the time, the incidence of smallpox among the general population was 95%, and the death rate was 10%. Isolation and other epidemiologic principles were not recognized as beneficial in controlling communicable disease until modern times. John Snow demonstrated in 1854 that cholera was transmissible through contaminated water.
7. A 10-year-old boy visits the nurse complaining of a headache and nausea. The nurse recognizes the boy from an earlier conference with a teacher about the boy's declining school performance. The nurse has been concerned because the boy's father and mother are recently divorced, and his mother works nights. An appropriate nursing intervention would be to investigate the boy's eligibility for which of the following? a. The Nutritional Education and Training Program (NET) b. Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System c. Adult and Child Protective Services d. Federally funded breakfast and lunch program
D. Federally funded breakfast and lunch program
The first visiting nurse in the United States was: A. Lillian Wald. B. Mary Brewster. C. Florence Nightingale. D. Francis Root.
D. Francis Root was an 1877 graduate nurse sent by the Women's Board of the New York City Mission to provide care to sick individuals in their homes. This was considered an innovation in nursing care in the United States and the precursor to modern visiting nurses' associations. Lillian Wald and Mary Brewster established a district nursing service in New York City in 1893. Florence Nightingale began her work in the mid-19th century and is credited with establishing "modern nursing."
Which of the following was NOT a public health service provided by the Romans? A. A supervisor of the public baths B. Street cleaners C. Supervision of the sale of food D. Housing for the indigent population
D. Public health services provided by the Romans included a water board to maintain the aqueducts, a supervisor of the public baths, street cleaners, and supervision of the sale of food. Housing for the indigent population was not a public service provided by the Romans; in fact, inhabitants of the Roman slums did not share in public health amenities, and their health suffered accordingly.
A 71-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by his daughter and states that he has fallen and appears to have a broken arm. He is alert and oriented and walks alone without difficulty. What would be an appropriate nursing intervention after he is seen and treated by the physician? A. Talk with the daughter about nursing home placement for the patient. B. Discuss the dietary needs and regimen with patient and family. C. Review the patient's current medications. D. Talk with the patient alone and question the possibility of elder abuse.
D. Talk with the patient alone and question the possibility of elder abuse
1. Healthy People 2020 addresses all of the following goals for children and adolescents except: a. physical activity. b. sex education and HIV prevention. c. smoking prevention. d. cardiovascular accidents, stroke, and diabetes
D. cardiovascular accidents, stroke, and diabetes
As a visiting community health nurse, you must take precautions to avoid unsafe situations. To avoid putting yourself in danger, you would do which of the following? a. If you enter a house where a violent act is occurring, call 911 and wait inside for the police to arrive. b. Expect the client to control angry family members. c. Repeat the reason for your visit and stay and continue your task. d. Do not enter a home if you hear sounds of fighting.
Do not enter a home if you hear sounds of fighting.
Which statement regarding sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) is correct? The rate of STDs is decreasing because of effective medication therapies. Women are less likely to use protection methods against STDs. Half of the STD rate in the United States falls within the 15 to 24 age range. Treatment for STDs in women is usually ineffective.
Half of the STD rate in the United States falls within the 15 to 24 age range.
Which factors cause primary vaccine failure? (Select all that apply.) Inefficient storage An intramuscular vaccine injection given subcutaneously Waning immunity in immunocompromised patients Light-sensitive vaccines exposed to light Seroconversion
Inefficient storage An intramuscular vaccine injection given subcutaneously Light-sensitive vaccines exposed to light Seroconversion
Which statement regarding military sexual trauma (MST) is true? MST is more common among male veterans. MST is always perpetrated by a stranger. MST is associated with diabetes. MST is associated with mild PTSD.
MST is associated with diabetes.
The community health nurse is visiting the home of a known substance abuser. The client is talking excessively and is excited and aggressive. The nurse notes that the patient's heart rate is 158 beats/min. The nurse recognizes the client is most likely high on which substance? a. PCP b. Alcohol c. Methamphetamine d. Inhalants
Meth
Which is classified as a vector of disease? Humans Door handles Water and food Mosquitoes
Mosquitoes
Which of the following statements about homicide in the United States is false? a. Most homicides are caused by stabbings. b. Homicide is the third leading cause of death for 1- to 4-year-old children. c. Blacks are more likely to be the victims of homicide than whites. d. Over 50% of homicide victims are killed by someone they knew.
Most homicides are caused by stabbings.
A female veteran has just given birth to her first child. Which resource is most appropriate for this veteran at this time? PC3 VHA CHAMPVA TRICARE
PC3
Veterans with a substance use disorder (SUD) are most likely to suffer from TBI MST VHA PTSD
PTSD
A veteran was awarded VA disability compensation for a medical condition he contracted in 1965 while serving in Vietnam. Which condition did this veteran most likely have? Cardiac dysrhythmia Parkinson disease Diabetes type 1 Irritable bowel syndrome
Parkinson disease
Which of the following "determinants of health" refers to factors that are experienced with the senses-things that can be seen, touched, heard, and smelled? Biology Behaviors Social environment Physical environment
Physical environment
Investigating all contacts of a person infected with a sexually transmitted disease is an example of what? Primary prevention Secondary prevention Tertiary prevention Initial prevention
Secondary prevention
Which criteria is required in order for veterans to receive U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs(VA)benefits? (Select all that apply.) Serving in active duty for 24 consecutive months Serving for a half period of call in the Reserves Committing to the Guard for 12 months Being separated under any condition other than dishonorable Being deployed overseas for 6 months
Serving in active duty for 24 consecutive months Being separated under any condition other than dishonorable
Chronic stress characterizes the lives of people living with domestic violence. As the community health nurse, you recognize which of the following as a long-term effect of violence? a. Spontaneous disclosure of abuse to health care provider b. Not complaining of physical symptoms c. Having disturbed eating patterns, but sleeping well d. Suffering chronic fatigue and tension
Suffering chronic fatigue and tension
Which of the following statements about adolescent substance abuse is FALSE? a. Teen use of cigarettes and smokeless tobacco is increasing. b. Alcohol use among youth declined between 2010 and 2011. c. Most of the movement in teen substance abuse has been in the downward direction. d. Marijuana use among teens is increasing.
Teen use of cigarettes and smokeless tobacco is increasing.
When a client regularly takes a drug that is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant, such as cocaine, what symptoms would the nurse expect to see when the client abstains from this substance? a. The client will have symptoms of CNS stimulation. b. The client will experience anxiety, insomnia, and tremors. c. Common symptoms include hallucinations and seizures. d. The client will feel depressed, somnolent, and lethargic.
The client will feel depressed, somnolent, and lethargic.
Seven cases of hepatitis A are diagnosed in a community over a period of 2 weeks. An investigation results in a determination that all of the infected individuals ate at a local restaurant. Which statement explains the possible connection between hepatitis A and a restaurant? The route of transmission for hepatitis A is fecal-oral. A food worker likely coughed on the customers. A food worker may have a bleeding wound. Hepatitis A is transmitted where people congregate.
The route of transmission for hepatitis A is fecal-oral.
A high school student is referred to the school nurse for suspected substance abuse. After the nurse's assessment and interventions, what would be the most desirable outcome? a. The student discusses conflicts over drug use. b. The student accepts a referral to a substance abuse counselor. c. The student agrees to inform his parents of the problem. d. The student reports increased comfort with making choices.
The student accepts a referral to a substance abuse counselor.
A veteran is a person who has served in the military. Which statement about veterans is correct? There are 5 million veterans in the United States today. Employees of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) are considered veterans. People who were honorably discharged from the military are still considered veterans. Veterans include those that have served in the active military, naval, or air service.
Veterans include those that have served in the active military, naval, or air service.
A survey done by The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) found that the most commonly abused prescription drug among high-school seniors is: a. OxyContin. b. Vicodin. c. Xanax. d. codeine.
Vicodin
The community health nurse is working in an emergency shelter with displaced families. Which clients have risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)? (Select all that apply.) a. An 18-year-old client with a previous gunshot wound b. A 50-year-old client who saw people die in the disaster c. A 23-year-old client experiencing extreme fear d. A 60-year-old client who had little social support before the event e. A 35-year-old client with a history of schizophrenia
a, b, c, e, Risks for PTSD include living through dangerous events or traumas; having a history of mental illness; getting hurt; seeing people hurt or killed; feeling horror, helplessness, or extreme fear; having little or no social support after the event; and dealing with extra stress after the event, such as loss of a loved one, pain and injury, or loss of a job or home.
A man has been smoking for 20 of his 40 years. He smokes a pack of cigarettes daily and states, "My dad smoked two packs a day and lived to be almost 90. Besides, I'm going to die from something anyway, so why quit"? He is in which "stage of change" in the transtheoretical model? Contemplation Maintenance Precontemplation Preparation
a. Precontemplation
You teach a community disaster preparedness class on how to find shelter during and after a disaster situation. This is an example of what kind of prevention? a. Primary b. Secondary c. Tertiary d. Disaster
a. Primary Primary prevention occurs in the nondisaster and predisaster stages. Actions during these stages includes developing local, state, and federal disaster plans; conducting drill tests; training volunteers and health care providers; and providing educational programs. Secondary measures are those taken after the disaster has occurred and tertiary measures are aimed at rehabilitation. Disaster prevention is a broad term covering all types.
Chemical warfare agents such as pulmonary agents and cyanides are classified as a. weapons of mass destruction. b. computer-based attack weapons. c. recovery agents. d. prevention medications.
a. weapons of mass destruction. Weapons of mass destruction refer to any weapon that is designed or intended to cause death or serious bodily injury through release, dissemination, or impact of toxic or poisonous chemicals or their precursors. Chemical warfare agents are classified as nerve agents, vesicants, pulmonary agents, and cyanides.
On discharge after treatment for alcoholism, a client plans to take disulfiram (Antabuse) as prescribed. When teaching the client about this drug, the nurse emphasizes the need to: a. avoid all products containing alcohol. b. adhere to concomitant vitamin B therapy. c. return for monthly blood drug level monitoring. d. limit alcohol consumption to a moderate level.
avoid all products containing alcohol.
Which phase of the community response to disaster includes medical personnel contributing long hours of volunteer work helping unfamiliar people after a disaster? a. Honeymoon phase b. Heroic phase c. Reconstruction phase d. Disillusionment phase
b. Heroic phase The heroic phase of a community's reaction to a disaster involves people feeling the need to rush to help people survive the disaster. Medical personnel may volunteer to work long hours without sleep and in dangerous conditions to care for patients. During the honeymoon phase, people who have survived the disaster get together to talk about their experiences. People begin to look to the future during the reconstruction phase and during the disillusionment phase people recognize that many things are different, and much needs to be done to adjust to the current situation.
A family of five people presented to a hospital after the flooding of their urban home. These family members are classified as a. poverty victims. b. displaced persons. c. indirect victims. d. mass casualties.
b. displaced persons. Displaced persons are those who have to evacuate their home, school, or business as a result of a disaster. An indirect victim may be a family member or friend of the victim or a first responder. A mass casualty event is one in which 100 or more individuals are involved. Poverty is not considered a disaster classification.
A 22-year-old college student explains to the nurse at the health clinic that she drinks four to five beers when she goes out with friends on Saturday nights. Otherwise, she rarely drinks during the week because of her classes, studying, and part-time job. This would be considered: age- and circumstance-appropriate behavior. alcoholism. binge drinking. excessive drinking.
binge drinking
Transmission of an infectious disease can be efficiently controlled by breaking all links in the transmission chain. destroying all reservoirs of infectious agents. breaking only one link in the transmission chain. maintaining high levels of herd immunity.
breaking only one link in the transmission chain.
Which describes a NA-TECH (natural technological) type of disaster? a. A flood covering crops and recreational areas of a geographic area b. A terrorism attack causing major interruption of communication technologies c. A tornado resulting in flood and destruction of electrical systems for a community d. A nuclear accident at a power plant causing evacuation of people in an urban community
c. A tornado resulting in flood and destruction of electrical systems for a community A natech disaster is a natural disaster that creates or results in a widespread technological problem. A flood covering crops and recreational areas of a geographic area does not mention a technological problem, and a terrorism attack and a nuclear accident are not natural disasters.
Which agency has a mission to support citizens and first responders to ensure that as a nation everyone works together to build, sustain, and improve the capacity to prepare for, protect against, respond to, recover from, and mitigate all? a. American Red Cross (ARC) b. National Institute for Health (NIH) c. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) d. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
c. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) FEMA's mission is to support citizens and first responders to ensure that as a nation everyone works together to build, sustain, and improve the capacity to prepare for, protect against, respond to, recover from, and mitigate all. The other agencies may be peripherally involved in national disasters, but it is not their primary focus.
Which of the following is an example of a modifiable risk factor? Air pollution Cigarette smoking Gender Sexual practices Diet
cigarette smoking, sexual practices, and diet
What element of a community disaster plan investigates the citizen's reliance on telephone systems or cell phones during disasters? a. Authority b. Logistical c. Rescue d. Communication
d. Communication Communication is one of the biggest problems during a disaster. The reliance on telephone systems or cell phones should not be the only plan for communication during a disaster. Authority focuses on the people in charge, logistical includes focuses on storage of equipment and location of key responders, and search and rescue focuses on the search and rescue of victims.
The nurse at the disaster site is using the SMART triage system. What color triage tag would be provided to an ambulatory individual with a superficial cut on the left elbow and bruise to the right hand? a. Red b. Yellow c. Black d. Green
d. Green Green is for the wounded or individuals with minor injuries who are able to walk and to wait several hours before receiving medical treatment. Red is for those with life-threatening injuries but have a high probability of survival, yellow is for those with systemic but non-life-threatening complications, and black is for the deceased or those with nonsurvivable injuries.
Which is the purpose of the staging area in a disaster plan? a. A triage area outside the hospital, supplying first aid and transport to medical facilities b. A stage for entertainment to cheer up disaster victims c. To provide sheltered area for displaced victims to sleep, eat, and bathe d. To act as command station for disaster responders to report to and get assignments
d. To act as command station for disaster responders to report to and get assignment The staging area is the onsite command station. Dispatch responders should report to this area and check-in. This allows everyone to be accounted for and to gather assignments. The other options are not appropriate uses for the staging area in a disaster.
A smoking cessation class stresses increased lung function, money saved that is not spent on cigarettes, and smelling clean and fresh as benefits to quitting smoking. These support which of the following concepts? Perceived barriers Decisional balance Precontemplation Contemplation
decisional balance
A risk factor refers to a(n) probability that a specific event will occur in a given time frame. exposure that is associated with a disease. systematic way of distinguishing the risks posed by potentially harmful exposures. proactive process in which individuals participate in behaviors that enable them to react to actual or potential threats to their health.
exposure that is associated with a disease
Four-month-old Lucy is in for immunizations at the local health department. The Vaccine Information Sheet is given to Lucy's mother, and informed consent is obtained. However, the mother then states, "Lucy did have a temperature around 99.1 degrees the night of her last immunizations." After this statement, the nurse should consult the child's pediatrician. delay the immunizations. do not give the immunizations because of the contraindication. give the immunizations.
give the immunizations.
Receiving immunizations, regular health screenings, and physical exams is an example of: health promotion. health protection. secondary prevention. health maintenance.
health protection
Katie, a 2-year-old child, is brought to the doctor's office after 2 days of vomiting and diarrhea. Upon completion of the medical history, the mother tells the nurse that several of the other children at the daycare who played with the same toys as Katie have the same symptoms. The mode of transmission for the pathogen more likely was vector. direct. indirect airborne
indirect.
Child maltreatment cases are most frequently attributed to: a. sexual abuse. b. physical abuse. c. psychological abuse. d. neglect.
neglect
What is the most common chemical dependence in the United States? Alcohol Cocaine Marijuana Nicotine
nicotine
According to the health belief model, the inconvenience of driving to a gym to exercise is an example of a: perceived susceptibility. perceived barrier. perceived benefit. cue to action.
perceived barrier
A veteran has a traumatic brain injury (TBI), hearing impairment, and an amputated arm. The nurse knows that this patient is suffering from polytrauma. posttraumatic stress disorder. military sexual trauma. substance use disorder.
polytrauma.
A pathogen lives and multiplies in a __________ and transfers from one host to another by a __________. host, susceptible portal of entry reservoir, mode of transmission infectious agent, portal of exit mode of transmission, reservoir
reservoir, mode of transmission
A single white male veteran served two tours in Afghanistan. The veteran has returned home from Afghanistan where he lives alone, begins drinking alcohol daily around 11 am, and watches television from rising until bedtime. This veteran is at high risk for suicide. cognitive impairment chronic pain unresolved conflict
suicide.
All of the following outcomes may contribute to the diagnosis of substance abuse except: a. the substance use has placed someone in danger. b. the individual uses the substance despite negative consequences. c. the substance use interferes with the ability to function at work or at home. d. the client is without a job.
the client is without a job.
As a school nurse, you know the leading reason cited as the cause of school violence is: a. use of violence to handle disputes. b. an unhappy home life. c. overly protective parental situations. d. poor communication with authority figures.
use of violence to handle disputes.
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can develop due to (Select all that apply.) having recurring nightmares. viewing a dead body. having a history of mental illness. surviving a natural disaster. experiencing chronic pain.
viewing a dead body. having a history of mental illness. surviving a natural disaster.
Nurses, including public health nurses, are at increased risk for workplace violence. Risk factors for violence in the workplace include all of the following except: a. working in pairs. b. access to medications. c. increased number of mentally ill patients. d. inadequate security.
working in pairs.
