Discovery of X-rays
Who is considered the first death in X-ray? Why? How is this person related to X-rays?
Clarence Daly; had to have both arms amputated due to radiation burns and later died in 1904 from cancer; he was Thomas Edison's assistant
What are some primary radiation protection devices?
Filtration- metal filter in X-ray tube absorbs low energy rays that have little diagnostic value Collimation- restricts the X-ray beam to the part of the body to be imaged Intensifying Screens Protective Apparel- lead apron and gloves Gonadal Shielding- used with all pts of child bearing age and when it wont interfere with image Protective barriers- lead lined walls
What are the four exposure factors? Which are the two main ones?
KVP- kilovolt peak, penetration of X-ray mA-milliamp time-how long to apply energy mAs-milliamps per second the two main are KVP and mAs
When was the first X-ray taken and what/who was it of?
November 8, 1895 of Bertha Roentgen's left hand with her wedding ring
What are the ROENTGEN RAYS?
R-radiation causes chemical & biological damage O-only travels in straight lines E-energies are heterogeneous or polyenergetic N-not visible & highly penetrating T-travels at the speed of light G-gases are ionized indirectly E-electrically neutral N-not focused within lenses R-radiation produces secondary & scatter radiation A-affects photo graphic film Y-yields fluorescence S-small amount of heat produced
Who discovered fluoroscopy and when?
Thomas Edison in 1898
Who discovered X-rays?
Wilhem Conrad Roentgen
Did Roentgen receive any rewards for his findings?
Yes, he was awarded the first Nobel Prize for physics in 1901
What should you always ask a female of reproductive age?
always ask LMP and if there's any possibility that the pt is pregnant
How fast do X-rays travel?
at the speed o light
What are the 2 types of general X-ray exams?
diagnostic- uses screen/film or digital fluoroscopy-uses a live image to watch for motion and function
How long did it take Roentgen to come up with the properties of X-rays? Are they still used today?
in one month; we still use them today
What is the Coolidge tube? Who invented it?
invented by William Coolidge in 1913. vacuum tube that can handle more heat and energy
How many people used Roentgens medium? Why?
only about less than 12 because at the time it was hard for people to understand exactly what he was doing
What exactly did Roentgen discover?
that barium platinocyanide glowed (now called fluorescence)
What is the Crookes Tube?
the first X-ray tube
What type of tube is used today?
today we use a refinement of the Coolidge tube
