Earth Science questions: Unit 1
Lower mantle
Innermost layer of the two mantle layers; composed of rock and cooler than the core.
Inner core
Innermost region of the earth; composed of solid iron.
Outer core
Layer immediately outside the inner core; composed of liquid iron and sulfur.
Core
Mantle convection is a circulation of the heat emitted by the earth's...
Soil
Other planets have a lithosphere, but earth's is unique because it has a special type of debris called...
Oxygen
Other planets have an atmosphere, but Earth's is unique because it has large amounts of...
Upper mantle
Outermost layer of the two mantle layers; includes the asthenosphere and lower lithosphere.
Evaporation of water is equal to precipitation of water
The hydrologic cycle maintains a balance of earth's water because:
Erosion, uplifting
The hydrologic, rock, and tectonic cycles are all interconnected. In the rock cycle, water moves regolith during..., and the tectonic cycle resurfaces rock through...
Sun and interior of earth (core)
The hydrologic, rock, and tectonic cycles are powered by two main energy sources. They are the:
Lithosphere
The solid, crustal layer of Earth.
A transform boundary
The type of plate boundary that causes tremors and earthquakes in California is...
True
True/False Earth's hydrologic, rock, and tectonic cycles continuously recycle earth's materials.
All lands
Wegener named the supercontinent Pangaea, which means...
Biosphere and lithosphere interaction.
When an animal dies and decomposes, its nutrients are absorbed into the soil. Plants use these nutrients to live and grow. This is an example of:
A meteorologist
When interviewed, Mr. Harrison was discussing barometric pressure and the low-pressure system moving in that may or may not cause a change in precipitation and wind gusts. What type of scientist is Mr. Harrison?
Subduction zone
When two oceanic plates collide, it creates a...
Continental/Continental
Which of the following convergent boundaries would most likely creat a non-volcanic mountain range?
Biosphere
Which sphere is dependent on all the other spheres in order to exist?
Hydrospher and atmosphere interaction
You live on the beach, which always seems to be humid, especially on hot, sunny days. But, that's because when the ocean heats up, some of its water evaporates into water vapor, making the air thick and slightly "wet". This interaction is an example of:
Subduction
... occurs at convergent boundaries, where one layer of crust sinks into the asthenosphere when it collides with another layer of crust.
Atmosphere
A layer of mixed gases surrounding Earth.
Astronomy
A scientist announces that the best possible chance for finding life on other bodies within our solar system would be on Jupiter's moon Europa. The scientist responsible for this statement works in the fields of what?
Pangaea
Alfred Wegener named his proposed supercontinent...
They all depend on each other to function; an impact to one sphere usually affects another.
All spheres of Earth are interrelated of interdependent. This means:
Hydrosphere
All water (gas, solid, liquid) of Earth.
Under the Pacific ocean
An area where the earth's crust would be expected to be thin would be...
solar system
Astronomy is the discipline in science that studies what?
Lithosphere
Carl is on an expedition to the bottom of the ocean. As the submersible sets down on the ocean floor, it is resting on what layer of the earth?
Hydrosphere, lithosphere and biosphere interaction
Colossal Cabe was formed years ago by underground running water. Today, it is the home to many animals, like bats. These interactions are an example of:
Hydrosphere
Contains all forms of water
Biosphere
Contains all living things.
Cryosphere
Contains frozen ice portion
Atmosphere
Contains gaseous layer of planet
Lithosphere
Contains solid, rocky crustal portion.
Differentiation
Explains the arrangement of the inner planet's composition into different chemical layers.
Plant
Glossopteris is an ancient extict species of... found in South America, Africa, Asia, Australia, and Antarctica.
Step 4
Hydrologic (water) Cycle The drop of water falls to the ground as rain and is absorbed as groundwater.
Step 5
Hydrologic (water) Cycle The goundwater flows into a river which empties back into the ocean.
Step 3
Hydrologic (water) cycle As more water vapor condenses into liquid, the drop of water will eventually drop to earth's surface as precipitation.
Step 1
Hydrologic (water) cycle Evaporation would change the drop of water vapor, a gas, which would rise into the atmosphere.
Step 2
Hydrologic (water) cycle The atmosphere is cooler, so the drop of water would change from a gas back into a liquid through condensation.
True
If the earth's relationship to the sun were any different, life on earth might not be possible.
Transpiration
Plants are able to release water back into the atmosphere by a process called:
Step 4
Rock Cycle Layers deposited begin to compact and cement together to form sedimentary rock.
Step 7
Rock Cycle Magma is resurfaced from volcanic activity, cools, and becomes ingeous rock.
Step 6
Rock Cycle Metamorphic rock begins to melt back into magma.
Step 3
Rock Cycle Regolith is dumped into some type of reservoir, usually water, by deposition.
Step 2
Rock Cycle Regolith is transported or eroded by rain or wind.
Step 1
Rock Cycle Rock is broken down into Regolith by weathering.
Step 5
Rock Cycle Sedimentary rock is buried deeper into the Earth's crust. The intense heat and pressure begins metamorphism and the rock turns into metamorphic rock.
A meteorologist
Sirens begin to blast through the night. The people of the town know a tornado is coming. What type of scientist would know how to predict that the tornado was coming?
True
TRUE/FALSE Meteorologists study the atmosphere and weather patterns.
Great Britain and Scandinavia
The Appalachian Mountains in the Eastern United States appear to be a part of the same mountain range that continues in...
Plasticity
The ability of solid rock to flow is called...
A subduction zone
The area where one plate sinks into the asthenosphere underneath another plate is known as...
Africa and South America
The best example of how neighboring continents seem to fit together like Jigsaw pieces is...
Warmer
The discovery of tropical plant and animal fossils in Antarctica supports the idea that at one time this continent supported a... climate.
Third
The earth is the ... planet from the sun, which is just the right distance for life to utilize the sun's power and energy.
Five Spheres
The earth is the only planet with all...
Binary
The earth-moon relationship is unique in many ways. It is the largest moon in the solar system relative to its host planet. The relative size between the earth and moon are so close some refer to it as a ... planet system.
The fitting together of neighboring continents like jigsaw puzzle pieces
The first evidence supporting the theory of continental drift was...
Inner Core
The hottest layer of the earth is the ...
bodies of water, such as oceans and lakes
The hydrosphere is comprised of what?
Lithosphere
The layer of the earth that forms the earth's plates is the...
Lithosphere
The layer of the earth that is composed of large plates that interlock and move over time is the...
Asthenosphere
The layer of the earth that is composed of rock, yet flows due to extreme heat and pressure, is known as the...
Asthenosphere
The layer of the earth where mantle convection occurs and on which the earth's crust rest is the...
Divergent boundary
The mid-atlantic ridge is an example of a...
Interconnected
The natural functions of earth seem all... in one way or another.
Crust
The outermost layer that forms the surface of the earth.
Alfred Wegener
The person who suggested that the continents were once a supercontinent, called Pangaea, but slowly drifted apart was...
Earth's natural process by which its lithospheric plates slowly move about because of movement in the asthenosphere
The plate tectonic theory can best be describe as....
Sea floor spreading
The process by which lithospheric plates move apart creating spaces that are filled with hot magma is called...
Convection
The process of heat transfer thought to be responsible for the movement of the lithospheric plates on the surface of the earth is...
Alfred Wegener
The scientist who proposed the idea of continental drift was...
Biosphere
The sphere of Earth that includes all living things.
Seafloor spreading
The tectonic cycle describes the movement of earth's crust. Recycled "new" oceanic crust is formed by... at divergent boundaries.
Hydrolic, rock, tectonic
The three main geochemical cycles of earth are...,... and... These geochemical cycles continuously remove and add material on earth.
Convergent boundary
The type of tectonic plate boundary that occurs when two plates are colliding into each other is known as a...
An oceanographer
There is a species of starfish called the crown of thorns. This species is responsible for killing coral reefs around the world. If you want to find out how these species have become so abundant around the world, who would you call?
True
True/False Earth's hydrologic, rock, and tectonic cycles contribute to a balance or equilibrium of earth's materials.
Plate Tectonics
Volcanic activity results from a unique dynamic process of earth called...
Grind along each other
A transform boundary occurs where two tectonic plates...
Biosphere, hydrosphere
Earth is the only planet that has a... and a...
