Employment strategies final exam
A letter of inquiry or introduction that introduces you to a prospective employer is called a cover letter.
true
A question that you might use during an interview would be to ask how long the person worked at their company.
true
A screening interview is used to screen out unqualified applicants.
true
A summary of the benefits you can offer to an employer is referred to as your personal brand statement.
true
A way to exhibit a good attitude is by concentrating on being likable
true
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 50 percent of all jobs are found through networking
true
Always respect the time limits that have been set.
true
Always try to get at least two names from every person you meet with.
true
An opening explains why you are interested in the company or this type of job
true
Ask for a meeting, phone call, or an interview—not a job.
true
Average compensation for jobs includes wages or salary plus benefits.
true
Before an employer can get your consumer report, they must have your written consent.
true
Character questions are asked to learn about your personal attributes, such as integrity, personality, attitudes, and motivation.
true
Collaboration is working together and supporting one another to achieve team goals.
true
Diversity is about learning from others and showing respect for everyone.
true
Don't be late. Being late sends too many negative messages.
true
Don't burn your bridges before you accept a job offer is a good rule to follow.
true
Employers design application forms to get the information they consider most important to making hiring decisions
true
Employers design application forms to get the information they consider most important to making hiring decisions.
true
Even if you are rejected by an employer, you should consider writing positive comments about your interview experience on a social networking site.
true
Interviews in which all the candidates are asked the same or similar questions is called a structured interview.
true
It is important to customize your 30-second commercials to the job and employer with you are interviewing.
true
Job-specific skills are the skills and technical abilities that are needed to perform a particular job.
true
Many employers keep applications on file for an extended period of time, so it is OK for applicants to check in with the interviewer from time to time.
true
Niche jobs are found by looking for jobs in unexpected places
true
Often it is easier to negotiate additional benefits than it is to negotiate wage offered.
true
People remember best what they hear first and last.
true
Select an outfit that fits well, is clean and pressed, and is appropriate for the interview and weather.
true
Since the 1990s, the U.S. economy has shifted from a goods-producing economy to an economy based in service occupations.
true
Taking care of your body, mind, and spirit helps to boost your self-esteem.
true
The busiest days of the week for business days can be Mondays and Fridays.
true
The location of the headquarters of a company provides a clue as to its reputation and culture.
true
The way you behave in an interview will give you prospective employer clues to how you will treat clients and customers.
true
The way you write will tell the reader about you
true
To avoid discrimination, many employers will not consider a resume with an enclosed photo.
true
To help promote fast-growing industry and help job seekers research careers, the U.S. Departments of Education and Labor have developed extensive online and print resources for exploring careers.
true
Use only references that will recommend you highly from firsthand knowledge
true
Use only references that will recommend you highly from firsthand knowledge.
true
When listing employment history, you should always start with your most recent job first.
true
When looking for a job, you should create a list and reach out to everyone in your network.
true
When meeting an interviewer make sure you give a firm handshake and make eye contact.
true
When you are in an interview, you should watch for signals the interviewer wants to end the interview.
true
When you use a conversational tone and tell a cohesive story, you are using your personal brand story.
true
Whenever possible, tie your references directly to your work experience.
true
You must always pay attention to the gatekeeper.
true
You should always be prepared for network meetings and have two copies of your resume printed and in a portfolio.
true
You should always find out who to talk to for an interview
true
You should always search for the company in the news prior to an interview.
true
You should always start right by greeting the interviewer by name
true
You should avoid the question, "What does this company do?"
true
You should be proactive and professional by influencing how the interview ends.
true
Your jewelry and clothing can be a roadblock to a job offer.
true
Your personal brand statement should be directly or indirectly connected to your field of study or career field.
true
job sites make it easy for applicants to respond to job listings, which means that employers usually get many more applications than they need to consider.
true
n most cases, resumes should not include personal information such as your age and marital status.
true
panel interview is also called a board interview.
true
A career encompasses a series of jobs in the same occupation or profession.
ture
interview follow-up can increase your chances of getting the job.
ture
The text lists three methods of delivery for your job application package. These include all of the following, except
use a messenger service to deliver to the HR manager
When you are creating a profile online you should
use as many key words as you can
When you are creating a profile online you should
use as many keywords as you can
When you want your prospective employer to read your cover letter, you should do all the following, except
use bright colored paper to get the readers attention
Writing skills are transferrable competencies that would benefit you for which of the following job-specific skills?
using email to correspond to a customers request
If the interviewer asks what salary you want, a good response is:
what figure or range is the company planning to pay?
All of the following are considered general interview questions, except:
what is you religious preference
All of these would be considered last-minute preparations, except:
what is your religious preference?
According to the text, before you leave the interview you should clarify all the following, except
when you should contact the human resources department to begin inprocessing
When you attend a practice interview, you should do all the following, except:
while a thank-you note would be appropriate during areal interview, it is not necessary during a practice interview
When you are evaluating a job offer, consider all the following, except:
who your customers will be
In which section of a resume should you list accomplishments in work, education, community involvement, or volunteer experience?
work experience
Information on high school extracurricular activities related to a career should be documented in which section of a personal career inventory?
work experience and skills
Information on your contributions as a volunteer for a community service project should be documented in which section of a personal career inventory?
work experience and skills
Questions asked by interviewers generally fall into all these categories, except:
written questions
Sometimes you are rejected for a job for reasons out of your control. These include all of the following, except:
you did not sell your qualifications
This will immediately notify an employer if you are overly tense:
your body language
All of the following are roadblocks to a job offer, except:
your physical appearance was professional
According to the text, you should be able to talk about the following in the interview:
your previous job experiences
Before employers can get your consumer report they must have:
your written concent
LinkedIn® was launched in _________ with the mission to be the place where members can showcase their professional identity and gain insights into the professional world.
2003
According to the text, job seekers who get interviews through personal referrals have a _____ percent higher chance of being offered the job.
30
According to JobVite's 2013 Social Recruiting Survey, _________ percent of recruiters have hired through social media.
78
When listing your skills in the Qualifications section of a resume, it is best to limit them to
8-10 skills
Which of the following should be included in a career portfolio?
All of these
Which of the following should you do during Phase 1 of the job search cycle?
Assess your strengths and workplace preferences
Which of the following is not an activity that will help you manage your job search?
Be flexible and work on your job search only when you have the free time.
The initials BLS refer to the U.S
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Which of the following is the best example of a well-stated goal or mission statement of a company?
Combines aggressive strategic marketing with quality products at competitive prices.
Which of the following would you consider an unwritten rule for a company?
How to address your boss
The job-specific skill of giving manicures demonstrates which of the following transferrable competencies?
Human relations and interpersonal skills
An employee who calls in sick in order to avoid the problem of not completing a project on time is taking which approach to the situation?
Reactive
Which resume section can be prepared on a separate sheet which you can supply at an interview if requested?
References
Telling yourself repeatedly that you have done a good job is an example of positive
Self-talk
Of the following, which one would you consider not to be a strong work ethic?
Setting goals without assistance from manager
Which of the following should be included in the profile section of a resume?
Statement about your most relevant experience and qualifications
A motivational quote used in your personal brand statement would be included in which step?
Step 1—Personal Brand Statement
Employees who can follow directions and can work well with others are items to include under which step when developing a 30-second commercial?
Step 3—Employer Needs
To be an effective listener, you should:
a and b
When negotiating a salary package, consider the people and use your emotional intelligence to help you get a better compensation package by:
a and b
According to the text, which of the following send an assertive message with your body language?
a firm handshake and eye contact
A __________ involves performing a designated set of responsibilities and duties for a specific employer.
a job
A follow-up call by a network member is an alternative to
a letter of recommendation
Your cover letter should state that you are asking for:
a meeting or interview
If your network does not have the name of the person to whom you would address your cover letter, you would
a. call on your target employer b. search the company's website c. contact employees *d. All of the answers are correct
Prospective employers will check with previous employers to
a. confirm dates of employment b. ask questions about your attitude c. ask question about ability to work with others and work habits D. ALL OF THE ABOVE
When answering questions regarding reasons for leaving a prior job you should
a. not criticize your former employer b. use positive, growth-oriented language *c. both a and b are correct
Employers are using the application to
a. screen applicants base on "best fit" prior to the interview b. use to select interviewees and to weed out people who do not look qualified on paper *c. both a and b are correct
According to the test, job leads may be foun
a. through job boards b. social media sites c. print job listings *d. all of the answers are correct
According to the text, when you are addressing the cover letter, you should:
address it to the hiring authority for the position
Prospective employers will check with previous employers to
all of the above
Where would be the best place to use your personal brand statement?
all of the above
Check My Work When you are leaving a job you should:
all of the above are correct
When you are leaving a job you should
all of the above are correct
According to the test, job leads may be found:
all of the answers are correct
If you do not get job interviews, it may be because of which of the following?
all of these
According to the text, which of the following are part of your network?
all the answers are correct
When creating, expanding, and using your network in ways that will help you find job leads, you should
all the answers are correct
When keeping track of your career network, you should manage our contacts by:
all the answers are correct
When writing a cover letter, you should:
all the answers are correct
Your cover letter should include:
all the answers are correct
There are two types of cover letters:
application and covering
All of the following are methods for using an indirect strategy in getting an interview, except:
ask for a job
When the interview is coming to an end, use the following techniques to close an interview, except:
ask the interviewer if you can meet for drinks after work to discuss the interview in a less formal setting
When applying for a job online using email, you should do all the following, except
attach additional documents that will highlight your experience, even when not asked for
When applying for a job online using email, you should do all the following, except:
attach additional documents that will highlight your experience, even when not asked for
According to the text, all of the following are some places to connect with people in your field, except:
attend the local bar where industry professional hang out after work
he first 30 seconds can make or break an interview, and studies show that this attribute makes up to 40 percent of the impact on the interview:
attitude
Which of the following should you not do when making a dress rehearsal interview?
be relaxed and dress in short or workout gear to create a less stressful atmosphere
Employees have expectations of all of the following, except:
being directed as to every task they should complete, step-by-step
The gatekeeper can help or hinder your getting an interview, you should:
both a and b
Employers are using the application to
both a and b are correct
When answering questions regarding reasons for leaving a prior job you should
both a and b are correct (not criticize your former employer, use positive, growth-oriented language)
To make the best impression when you apply for a job in person with a preprinted paper job application, you should do all the following, except
bring your significant other to create a good impression with the interviewer
To make the best impression when you apply for a job in person with a preprinted paper job application, you should do all the following, except:
bring your significant other to create a good impression with the interviewer
A __________ is a nice tool to have to leave with prospective employers and for networking opportunities.
business card
According to the text, when you are preparing for the interview you should not wear:
business casual tennis shoes
All of the following are strategies for finding job leads, except:
calling companies in your career field and asking for a job
The Department of Labor maintains the __________ website to assist with career exploration.
careeronestop
When an interviewer asks the question "How would you describe yourself?" it is called:
character question
Once you find a job, the next step in the process is
complete the job application process
Treating a customer with respect, no matter what, is an example of
courtesy
If a job applicant does not receive a job offer after an interview, it could be because he
did not send the interviewer a thank-you letter.
According to the text, you should consider all the following when not to negotiate the base wage offered, except:
do not negotiate if you have rejected the job offer
According to the text, you should give yourself all the following gifts, except:
dynamic stress
When you are taking employment tests, you should follow these guidelines, except:
eat fast food for a quick charge
According to the text, your final decision about accepting a particular job may well be influenced by:
economics—the need to earn a living
According to the text, a common mistake when completing an application is
failure to sign the application
A letter that asks about a possible job opening when none have been advertised is called an application cover letter.
false
A list of your job references should be included on your resume.
false
A personal career inventory should be focused on your work experience and skills.
false
A poor personal credit rating is a sign that an employee is financially responsible.
false
A single individual can generate more discussion, ideas, and solutions than a team can.
false
After an unsuccessful interview, you should take the opportunity to vent by writing about your disappointment on a social networking site.
false
Although an employer may request three references, it is always acceptable to provide more than the requested amount of references, both personal and professional
false
Although an employer may request three references, it is always acceptable to provide more than the requested amount of references, both personal and professional.
false
Always give yourself two weeks when asked how soon you can start as you don't want to be as desperate for a job.
false
As the interview is coming to a close, using a strong item toward the end will distract from your interview message. a. True b. False
false
Because there are so many ways for employers to advertise job openings, most job listings yield only a miniscule number of qualified applicants.
false
Before you go in for the interview, put you phone on quiet ring mode.
false
If you are asked a question for which you are totally unprepared for, you should give a roundabout answer to get to where you want to be
false
If you do not know the information or it does not apply to you, it is appropriate to leave that answer blank.
false
If you find yourself in an interview that is going badly, you should suggest to the interviewer that you end the meeting and each go your separate ways.
false
In order to get the attention of the interviewer, it is appropriate to use underlining, colored text, and graphics.
false
In order to sell yourself, you should include everything there is to know about you on your resume.
false
It is OK to exaggerate while delivering your 30-second commercial in order to get the job and to make a good impression.
false
It is fine to share your password with others for your Career Builder Files in case you forget it.
false
It is not important to call or arrive on time as the interviewer will usually be running late.
false
It is not necessary to provide a working email address.
false
People will come to you once they know you are looking for a job.
false
Public speaking is an example of a job-specific skill.
false
Questions that focus on age, gender, race, marital status, language, children, criminal record, national origin, religion, or disability are appropriate in a job interview.
false
Questions that probe a candidate's specific past performance and behaviors are called stress questions.
false
Resume scanning software is useful for searching a resume for the names of notable references.
false
Since all job applications are similar, you can use your prior experience in filling out a job application from different employers.
false
True or False: You should avoid storing your job search documents online because the risk of damaged or lost files is too great.
false
When considering how to handle challenging questions, you should just go with what first comes to mind when answering as it will usually be the most correct answer
false
When networking, e-mail is the best approach for career networking.
false
When preparing a two-page resume, the header should contain your name, date, and page number.
false
When trying to connect with one of your contacts, make sure they adjust their schedule to meet yours.
false
When you are in the interview and speaking about technical issues, it is best to speak in a monotone voice.
false
When you are writing your cover letter, you are encouraged to use wording that will slightly exaggerate your positive qualities to give the impression of competence.
false
You should always use the heading Resume at the top of your resume to clearly identify it for prospective employers.
false
You should concentrate on your strengths not your weakness when going through evaluation notes.
false
You should not include copies of past performance reviews in your career portfolio, even if they are favorable.
false
Your 30-second commercial should focus on your strengths as well as any weaknesses you are working on to improve.
false
Your 30-second commercial will always be the same no matter the audience.
false
Your education plays a minor factor in determining the industry or field in which you will work.
false
f you do not know the information or it does not apply to you, it is appropriate to leave that answer blank.
false
if you don't understand all of the conditions of the job before you decide whether to accept the offer, you can get the final details on your first day at in-processing.
false
jobs in the medical field are unlikely to increase due to the aging population.
false
judy chose a career in teaching and also has an interest in religion; therefore, she should focus her job search toward social work.
false
According to the text, when picking up a job application in person and you intend to fill it out by hand, you should do all the following, except:
fill it in on the spot
According to the text, all the following are "traps" when looking for a job, except:
focus your leads on current job targets
If your target employer has a strict policy requiring all applicants are to be processed through the human resources department you should:
follow the procedure
According to the text, when preparing for an interview, you should:
have examples that demonstrate your organizational skills
According to the text, all of the following are acceptable legal questions to ask, except
if you have been arrested
To stay connected to prospective employers, you should do all the following, except:
ignore social media networking
The most successful method for requesting an interview is:
in person
According to the text, if you accept the job verbally follow up immediately:
in writing
An applicant is rejected for a job but calls the employer to ask if she is more qualified to fill another position with the company. This demonstrates which of the following?
initiative
A cover letter:
introduces you to a prospective employer
According to the text, this question would confirm you have received an official offer and indicate your interest in negotiating the full compensation package, not just salary or wages.
is this negotiable
According to the text, when you sign your cover letter you should use the salutation:
kind regards
When you are customizing the content of your cover letter, you should do all the following, except:
let the company know you are related to one of the managers
Interviewers will evaluate you during the interview, keeping this in mind you should do the following, except:
let the interview flow naturally
According to the text, a sales pitch refers to communication you use to:
market yourself
When requesting an interview it is best to:
meet face to face or over the phone
You show you are interested in the company by doing all the following, except:
mention the most recent negative reviews you have read on the internet
To prepare for a background, you should do all the following, except:
not report any issues
High-quality contacts in your career network are considered:
people in your career field at a higher level
"I am a teacher at heart, whose passion is to help other people be the best they can be" is an example of a _________ statement.
personal brand
In which phase of the job search cycle should you prepare your resume?
phase 2
All of the following are good examples for answers to behavioral questions, except:
summarize how you will control future situation that may arise
According to the text, all of the following are elements of a comprehensive compensation package, except:
take home a car
When you create your job search journey goals, include time every week for networking activities, except:
take time out to vision yourself in the job
According to the text, the more time you spend with others who work in your career field,
the more likely it is that you will learn about job openings.
When preparing for any interview, you should do all the following, except:
thoroughly explain all your answers factual or not
"Explain what problems you have encountered. How did you overcome them?" is an example of behavioral question.
true
11 By doing your homework before every interview, you will have a competitive advantage and be more confident during the interview.
true
A good way to advance your job search journey is to get closer to people in your career field.
true
A job application will include background and legal information to make a job offer
true
A job-specific skill in one career field might be a transferable skill in a different field.
true
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, people who use one or two solid resources for finding job leads find jobs faster than people who use many resources.
False
People who use a proactive approach to situations focus on problems instead of solutions.
False
People who use a reactive approach to situations boost their careers by focusing on solving problems, taking positive actions, and taking responsibility for their actions.
False
Positive thinking has been found to have no effect on your ability to perform and project qualities such as confidence and competence.
False
When considering how to handle challenging questions, you should just go with what first comes to mind when answering as it will usually be the most correct answer.
False
Which of the following would not be considered an appropriate employee expectation?
Having to buy birthday presents for fellow employees
Writing down your goals - both short term and long term strongly increases your likelihood of achieving them
True
The job search cycle is important for your first job, but it is less effective for subsequent job searches.
Ture
The interview based on the premise that past performance is the best predictor of future behavior is called:
a behavioral interview
Check My Work The interview that is considered a cost-effective screening technique is called:
a phone interview
The interview that uses two-way video to conduct the interview over the Internet is called:
a video interview
When planning a follow-up strategy, you should do all the following, except:
call on Monday or Friday
Once you find a job, the next step in the process is:
complete the job application process
Once you are rejected by an employer, you should request that you be removed from the active files and scratch the organization's name off your list of prospects.
false
Since you can't know what the next steps are in the process, there is no need for planning your follow-up schedule
false
Stress questions are asked to make you nervous and upset.
false
Which of the following should not be included in the contact information on a resume?
fax number
According to the text, when picking up a job application in person and you intend to fill it out by hand, you should do all the following, except
fill it in on the spot
Receiving a perfect attendance award during your senior year in high school demonstrates which of the following transferrable competencies?
it shows that you are dedicated and reliable
The occupation of a carpenter is an example of a(n) _____ skill.
job-specific
The skills which relate to a particular job are referred to as:
job-specific skills
Chapter 6. A compelling, winning resume often does all of the following, except:
lists everything about you in great detail
Which of the following contributes to a strong sense of self-esteem?
looking your best
These are the types of interviews you may face and should prepare for, except:
mail interview
You need strong verbal communication skills so you can:
make a strong case for yourself
According to the text, all the following are ways to be convincing in your 30-second commercial, except:
make sure to give general answers
when leaving a voicemail message it should be
professional sounding and clear and to the point
A professional __________ on a resume is a two-sentence section that states your job target or objective.
profile
It is a mistake to rely on your portfolio items to convince an interviewer of your:
qualifications
The ________ section of a resume is a bulleted list of skills that highlights why you are the ideal candidate for the job.
qualifications
Which of the following section of a resume should appear immediately below the contact information on the first page?
qualifications
According to the text, all of the following would be considered indirect strategies for getting interviews, except:
reach out to the CEO of the company
When you are requesting an interview over the phone, you should do all the following, except:
read the script during the call
A(n) _________ is a person who can and will vouch for your capabilities and skills suitable for a job.
reference
According to the text, which one thing should you do to be physically prepared for the interview?
review the interview preparation checklist
An employee having his company computer stolen from his car is an example of a breach of
security
When you are preparing to interview, you should do all the following, except:
send a copy of the video interview to the company
In customizing your resume, emphasize how you can meet the employer's needs.
true
It is a nice gesture to give the person writing you a letter of recommendation a copy of your resume.
true
It is in your best interest to take at least one day to consider the advantages and disadvantages of the job offer.
true
Many interviewers are reluctant to evaluate an applicant's interviewing skills because doing so could lead to lawsuits over unfair hiring practices.
true
One way your attitude is projected is by the way you dress.
true
Revising your resume—even if you only change the fonts and format—can help it stand out among those of your competitors
true
Taking credit for a coworker's idea is a violation of trust.
true
Using job sites such as Monster and Craigslist can be an effective way to find a job.
true
When considering a method of delivery of your cover letter and resume, use a method that will help you stand out
true
When evaluating a job offer, you should consider whether the salary matches your education and abilities.
true
Whenever possible, let the interviewer bring up the topic of salary and benefits.
true
Whenever possible, tie your references directly to your work experience
true
You can gain an edge through research by demonstrating your knowledge of the company or industry.
true
You should ask the question, Can you tell me about the people I would work with?
true
You should list scholarships, honors, and awards you have received in your personal career inventory.
true
Your body language speaks louder than your words.
true
Your normal "cure" for a headache or an upset stomach should be brought to the interview.
true
According to the text, when you want to make a first good impression, your voice quality should be all the following, except:
use industry slang so your interviewer knows you know the business
When you are applying for a job online, you should do all the following, except:
use photos to highlight who you are for the interviewer
All of the following are examples of transferrable competencies, except:
using accounting software to prepare financial documents
To make a good impression, you should do all of the following, except:
wear modern, revealing, tight fitting clothing
Attitude is the No. 1 factor that influences an employer to hire
true
A size _________ font should be the maximum size used when preparing your resume.
12
In order to focus your efforts on achieving your goals, you should
All of these
Which of the following is the best definition of a resume?
A brief document that details your qualifications for a particular job or job target
Which of the following strategies would not be effective in dealing with rejection?
Abandon your current job search and consider a new target career
When emailing a job application package, you should do all of the following, except
Add extra attachments from your Master Career Portfolio
According to the text, to keep from losing your entered data, you should
All answers are correct
Which of the following should you do if you receive a rejection notice?
Call the interviewer and ask for an evaluation of your qualifications and interviewing skills
The ________ is the name for all the records you assemble and organize for your job search.
Career Builder Files
Of the following, which one would you consider not to be a wise practice for handling secure information?
Leave your computer on when going to the restroom with open documents so that they can be accessed quickly.
Which transferrable competency would you personally demonstrate if you personally raised the most money for the purchase of new equipment for your school's music department?
Marketing skills
Which of the following is a job-specific skill?
Operate medical diagnostic equipment
An example of unethical behavior is
Participating in telling jokes that have racial, ethnic, gender, or lifestyle undertones.
Following up with a prospective employer following a recent interview is an activity found in which Phase of the Job Search Journey?
Phase 5
The act of _________ is making a conscious effort to be optimistic and to anticipate positive outcomes.
Positive Thinking
Purposely forming a mental picture of your successful performance and recalling the image frequently is called
Positive visulalization
In which phase of the job search cycle will you write a thank-you letter to the company following your interview?
Shine at interviews
A job application will include background and legal information to make a job offer.
True
Every person you meet has the potential to help you in your job search.
True
Positive thinking actually causes changes in the brain that boost your ability to perform and to project enthusiasm, energy, competence, and confidence.
True
Check My Work In which section of a resume should you provide results-oriented descriptions of the jobs you have held?
Work Experience
Which of the following would be a roadblock to a job offer?
You explained problems you had with your previous employer
The way to strengthen your interview performance is to:
a and b
When writing a cover letter, you should:
a. use a template b. use your personal brand story c. use a three part structure *d. All answers are correct
According to the text, to keep from losing your entered data, you should
all answers are correct
According to the text, all the following are pre-employment tests, except:
background test
To be ready for a job offer, you should do all the following, except:
be ready to walk out and "burn your bridges"
According to the text, all the following are ways you can exhibit a good attitude, except:
demonstrate self-interest and self-knowledge during the interview
What size companies are the heart of the American economy?
small
Transferrable skills are also commonly referred to as _________ skills.
soft
A winning resume achieves all of the following objectives, except for
stating the candidates salary requirements
The hard-to-get "dream job" is called:
stretch job target
When you are evaluating a job opening, you must decide if it is:
stretch, current or contingency target
There are two common styles of interviews that you should be prepared for:
structures and unstructured