Exam Chapters 1-10, 12-18

This patient would benefit most from being placed in Fowler's position, true or false?

A patient with difficulty breathing

Dehydration is defined as fluid loss of greater than _____ of body weight

1%

The normal heart rate for an adult is ______ beats per minute

60-100

What are the components of ATP

Base, sugar, and three phosphate groups

How are elements arranged in the periodic table

Based on the number of protons in the nucleus

What is the result of a protein becoming denatured

It loses its structure and function

Which body position is commonly used for childbirth in Western nations

Lithomy

The buccal cavity refers to

The space within the mouth

Which type of transport is used to transport oxygen from the lungs into the blood

diffusion

Which word root means "stomach"

gastr/o

What is the suffix in the term gastritis?

-itis

The cervical section of the spinal column has how many vertebrae

7

A phlebotomist who is trying to draw blood from a patient will likely draw blood from which region

Antecubital

A patient needs to have his temp, taken in the axillary region. Where would you place the thermometer

Armpit

What psychological change does the body make when the body temperature rises above normal

Blood vessels dilate

What is the process of breaking down complex substances into simpler substances

Catabolism

What is an example of a necessary and good positive feedback loop?

Contraction of the uterus during childbirth

A patient who needs to have a brain tumor removed will require surgery within the ________ cavity

Cranial

What is the first step in diagnosing a disease?

Determining the patients chief complaint

If a patient has breath that smells like fruit flavored chewing gum or nail polish remover , they may have which disease?

Diabetes

What structure separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity

Diaphragm

If two electrons are shared equally by two atoms, then they have created what type of bond

Double bond

In an atom , which type of particle is negatively charged

Electron

Which body part is the most superficial

Fingernails

When a patient is standing in anatomical position, which directions are the palms of the hands facing?

Forward

The coronal plane divides the body into which sections

Front and back

What is the process of monitoring and maintaining a stable internal environment

Homeostasis

What symptoms may a person have if they are deficient in iodine

Hypothyroidism

Which region includes the area where the thigh meets the trunk of the body

Inguinal region

What is one duty of a surgical technologist

Setting up a sterile field for operations

Using the knee as a reference point, which body part is the most distal

Shoulder

What is the term used for a substance used to dissolve other substances

Solvent

Pain in the upper quadrant could be due to problems with which organ

Stomach

What are molecules called that bind to enzymes and are carried through the reaction

Substrates

This directional term is used CORRECTLY, true or false?

The patient had scratch marks on the posterior side of her leg

A patient has been admitted to the hospital for amputation of the right great toe. In this situation, "right" refers to

The patients right

What effect do prions have in tissue

They cause the formation of microscopic holes

What is the purpose of an enzyme

To speed up the rate of chemical reactions

Which plane divides the body into superior and inferior sections

Transverse plane

What body system regulates the levels of electrolytes in the body

Urinary system

A condition that exhibits a rapid onset of signs and symptoms is referred to as what?

an acute condition

A disease that occurs suddenly in large numbers in a specific region is called

an epidemic

The study of the internal and external structures of the human body is called

anatomy

What is the meaning of the prefix in the term pericarditis

around

What is the abbreviation for "give twice a day"?

b.i.d

Carbohydrates , lipids , proteins and nucleic acids are called

biological molecules

What is the word root in the term bradychardia?

cardi/o

A patient who fell from a second story window and landed on a wrist likely has injuries in the _______ region

carpal

When two sugar molecules are linked together, it is called a

disaccharide

What term is used to describe a condition in which the body fails to function normally

disease

Which term has a suffix that means "a recording"

electrocardiogram

Which term has a word root that means "red"

erythrocyte

What term is used to describe signs and symptoms of a disease that suddenly "flare up"

exacerbation

Physiology is the study of what aspect of the human body

functions of structures

A solution that is alkaline has a pH

greater than 7

After a routine exam, the physician tells a patient that the patient has hypertension, abdominal obesity, and low HDL . This patient is at high risk for which condition

heart attack

What types of bonds are formulated between water molecules

hydrogen bonds

A molecule that mixes easily with water is _________

hydrophilic

The lumbar region is located directly superior to the ______ region

iliac

A hernia in the inguinal region involves protrusion of the _________ through the abdominal muscle

intestines

A compound that separates into ions has one positively charged ion and one negatively charged ion. What makes an ion positively charged?

it loses an electron

The ability of a virus to be inactive in the body and become active again later in life is called

latency

All the energy and material transformation that occurs within living cells is called

metabolism

What is the major system of measurement used in health care

metric system

Cells with a nucleus reproduce asexually through a process called ________

mitosis

What term refers to the measure of the number of deaths attributed to a specific disease in a given population over a period of time?

mortality

If a feedback loop opposes the stimulus, it is called a _________ feedback loop

negative

In what kind of bond are electrons unequally shared

polar covalent

Malaria, which is a type of _________, can be carried to humans through insect bites

protozoan

Objective, measurable indicators of an illness are called

signs

What is the meaning of the suffix- oma

tumor

What is the basic chemical composition of all carbohydrates

CH2O

What are structures called that travel out from a fungus cell to find and absorb nutrients

Mycelia

When do you note systolic pressure?

When you hear the pulse return as you deflate the bladder

What is the term used for a chemical made up of more than one type of element

Compound

A patient comes into the emergency department complaining of pubic pain. What body area needs to be assessed

Genitals

In medical terminology , most of the medical terms are derived from which two languages

Greek and Latin

Pain caused by appendicitis would most likely be felt in which quadrant

Right lower quadrant

What is a fat called if it contains only single covalent bonds

Saturated fats

Which imaging procedure produce a two dimensional view of inside of the body

X ray

What is the meaning of the prefix hyper?

above normal

A chemical substance that can release hydrogen ions is called a

acid

Which term has a prefix that means "extremities"

acromegaly

Pulse, blood pressure, body temp, and respiratory rate are reffered to as

vital signs

What molecule is consumed in a hydrolysis reaction

water

Sagittal sections of an organ run parallel to which plane

Median plane

Which molecule or compound is joined together using an ionic bond

NaCI

The term "medial" refers to body parts located where

Near the middle of the body

Which biological molecules contain the genetic code

Nucleic acids

Which of the following substances is acidic

Orange juice

What type of passive transport uses protein channels to transport molecules across the membrane

Facilitated facilitated diffusion

What transport process applies pressure to force water and dissolved materials across a membrane

Filtration

Peripheral cyanosis will present as blush discoloration to which body part

Fingers

What structure on a cell helps move cells from one place to another

Flagella

You have been asked to obtain the medical history of a patient. What position should the patient be in during this process

Seated

What type of lipid is a key molecule in the structure and function of cell membranes

Phospholipids

A patient with cystic fibrosis needs respiratory therapy that requires draining excess secretion's from the lungs. What position would be the most beneficial for this process.

Trendelenburg position

The respiratory system is responsible for ridding the body of which excess acid

Carbon dioxide

The series of reactions that converts glucose to energy is called

Cellular respiration

Which cavity contains the organs of the urinary system

Pelvic cavity