General Biology 2, Test 2

dinoflagellates

3 of the 4 organisms listed below are stramenopiles. select the exception: diatoms, dinoflagellates, oomycotes, brown algae, or none of these belong to stramenopiles

archaeans

4 of the 5 choices are members of the same group. select the exception: archaeans, amoebozoans, chrysophytes, dinoflagellates, and euglenoids

prions

4 of the 5 choices listed are found in viruses. Select the exception. coat, prions, DNA, tail fibers, and envelope

methanogens

4 of the 5 organisms listed below have a common relationship. Select the exception. protists, plants, animals, fungi, and methanogens

covering

A pellicle is a

lycophyte

A plant has vascular tissue and true roots, stems, and leaves, but it does not produce seeds. The plant has microphylls and bears its sporangia in strobili. This plant is a

double fertilization

A process unique to angiosperms is

vascular cambium

A stem that cannot increase in diameter is lacking what type of tissue?

lichen

A symbiotic association between a fungus and a green alga or a cyanobacterium is called a

Size, shape, cell wall structure, metabolism, but not sexual partners

An unknown bacterium is classified based on what?

D

Angiosperms are primarily characterized by all of the following except A.) ovules are enclosed within other tissues at the time of pollination. B.) a seed develops within a carpel. C.) the ovary matures into the fruit. D.) free water is required for pollination. E.) they bear flowers which are modified stems bearing modified leaves.

Cell walls

Archaeans are similar to bacteria in all of the following ways EXCEPT

Nutrient gradients, oxygen gradients, light, and magnetic fields

Bacteria can respond to

nonbacterial

Bacteria can transfer plasmids to _________ cells.

help bacteria attach to surfaces

Both the glycocalyx and pili may

prions

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy and the human variant (vCJD, variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease) are likely caused by _________.

water to reproduce sexually

Bryophytes, like ferns and certain other tracheophyte plants, require

foraminiferans; cocolithophores

Calcium carbonate remains of _______ and ________ are incorporated into impressive deposits of limestone.

phloem

Carbohydrates are transported away from the green parts of the plant by the cells of _________

flagella

Diatoms are characterized by all EXCEPT which of the following? A.) overlapping pillbox-like shells B.) classification as chrysophytes C.) silica composition D.) flagella E.) perforations in the shell

flagellated sperm

Flowers do not contain a _______

bees

Flowers with well-developed landing platforms and nectar guides would probably be pollinated by

angiosperms

In only 1 of the 5 phyla of seed plants, at the time of pollination, the ovules are completely enclosed by sporophytic tissues. These plants are _________?

sporophyte generation

Most adult tracheophyte plants represent the ________

chemoheterotrophism

Most bacteria are either parasites or saprobes, so the most common form of nutrition in bacteria is

cell walls; peptide bonds crosslink many polysaccharide strands

Peptidoglycan is a compound in bacterial ____________ in which ______________.

enable

Pili ________ a bacterium to attach to another bacterium or to the surface membranes of their hosts

gas-filled air spaces

Plant success on the terrestrial landscape is linked to the evolution of all of the following except

sporophyte and a gametophyte

Plants as well as brown, green, and red algae show a basic life cycle which involves the alternation of generations between a(an)

not responsible

Plasmids are _________ ___________ for the nutritional diversity of bacteria

information

Plasmids can contain _____________ that allows a bacterium to donate DNA during conjugation

a few

Plasmids contain only __ ________ genes

transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma

Pollination involves the

none of these

Prions can be relatively easily deactivated by: boiling, baking, irradiation, disinfectants or none of these?

type of motility

Protozoans have traditionally been classified on the basis of their __________?

True

Secondary metabolites like caffeine are produced mainly from plant sources. T/F

an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide

Some scientists estimate that over half of the world's rainforest has already been lost, mostly due to human activities. What would you predict as a consequence of the massive loss of plant life?

brown algae

Sources for a thickening, emulsifying agent found in ice cream, salad dressing, beer, toothpaste, cough syrup, and floor polish are _________.

Carbon dioxide, Oxygen, and Water Vapor

Stomata are openings used by plants for the passage of

desiccation

Survival on land for organisms is difficult because of the problem of

sheep; cattle; contaminated feed

The causative agent of bovine spongiform encephalopathy is thought to have originated in ________ and transferred to _______ by _________.

diatomaceous earth

The gritty substance you may feel on your teeth after using toothpaste is actually _____________

ferns

The most abundant group of seedless tracheophyte plants are the

fruit

The ovary of the flower matures into a(an)

protists

The simplest of the eukaryotes are the

commas; corkscrews

The spirilla may be shaped like ______ but are more commonly shaped like _______.

ovule

The structure that matures into the seed is called a _____

divide by mitosis, meiosis, or both

Unlike prokaryotes, protist cells

numerous small membrane-bound sacs beneath the plasma membrane

What feature is common to all the alveolates?

1 sperm fertilizes the egg, which develops into the embyo; the other sperm fertilizes the polar nuclei, which forms the endosperm

What is the best description of double fertilization in angiosperms?

Sunlight is their energy source, the atmosphere is their carbon source, some are anaerobic, and some use hydrogen gas or hydrogen sulfide as sources of hydrogen and electrons

What is true of photoautotrophic bacteria

cytoplasm

What might viruses lack?

photoheterotrophs

What prokaryotic nutritional group uses organic substances for carbon and photons for energy?

endospores

When nutrients become scarce, some bacteria reduce their metabolism and form __________.

receptacle

Which 1 of the following floral structures is not part of a carpel? stigma, receptacle, ovary, ovule, and style

a thickened, long flagellum

Which feature is shared by euglenoids and kinetoplastids?

Conifers

Which gymnosperm is used for production of lumber, resin, turpentine, etc.?

Chemoheterotrophs

Which kind of prokaryotic nutritional groups use organic substances for both carbon and energy?

complex internal membranes

Which of the following does NOT characterize most prokaryotes? no nucleus, a single circular chromosome, cell wall, complex internal membranes, and gread

C.

Which of the following is mismatched? A.) slime mold; multinucleated blob of cytoplasm B.) apicomplexans; nonmotile parasites C.) amoebozoans; ciliates D.) kinetoplastids; trypanosomes E.) all are properly matched

C

Which of the following is not a feature of a seed? A.) It contains a protective coat formed from the outer layers of ovule cells. B.) The embryo is surrounded by nutritive tissue or has cotyledons that contain nutritive tissue. C.) It contains a large percentage of water to support the embryo. D.) It is a complex structure that allows the embryo to be dispersed to distant sites. E.) Environmental signals such as light or temperature can trigger germination.

C

Which of the following specialized structures is NOT correctly paired with a function? A.) gullet; ingestion B.) cilia; food gathering C.) contractile vacuole; digestion D.)contractile vacuole; water balance E.) pellicle; flexible support

D

Which statement about the plant alternation of generations life cycle is incorrect? A. Spores are produced by meiosis. B. The zygote is diploid. C. The zygote undergoes mitosis to produce the sporophyte plant. D. Gametes are only produced by meiosis. E. Both gametes and spores are haploid.

a bryophyte

While walking in the woods, you come across some low-growing plants clustered at the base of a tree. You collect one as a specimen for biology class. Upon examination in the lab, you find that the leaf, stem, and root-like structures contain no vascular tissue. The plant is ________.

phloem

You have been given a plant sample and asked to identify a specific tissue. Upon investigation, you find the cells are all long in length and some of them have small pores. They all contain fluid. You test the fluid using various biochemical tests and discover the fluid contains an abundance of monosaccharides. What type of tissue are you looking at?

plankton

a common term for unicellular organisms that drift or swim weakly in water

anaerobic

a trypanosome is not exclusively __________

bacteriophages

a virus that infects bacteria only; has a more complex protein coat, with accessory structures used for anchoring the virus to a host cell and injecting the viral nucleic acid

reverse transcriptase

carried within the capsid and released into the host cell along with the viral RNA; uses the viral RNA strand to make a complementary copy of DNA

do not move

euglenoids _______ ________ _________ by pseudopods

viral genome

genetic material in a virus

provirus

once integrated, the viral DNA in a EUKARYOTIC cell is called _________

prophage

once it has been integrated, the phage DNA in a bacterium is called a _________

capsid

protein coat that encloses a genome consisting of one or more molecules of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA; not both)

plasmids

self-replicating circular molecules of DNA, may be transferred between bacteria and yeast cells, may be transferred between different species of bacteria, and may confer the ability to donate genetic material when bacteria conjugate

microspores

the male gametes, pollen grains of the flower, are formed in the _______

host range

the number of species and cell types viruses can infect

retrovirus

viruses that follow the provirus mechanism

pili

what structure is not found in protists

lysogenic cycle

when a prophage is integrated into a bacterial chromosome, this type of viral reproductive cycle is called ___________ ; new phages are not made during this cycle and the host cell is not destroyed