Gramling BUAL 2600

What is business analytics?

An extension of traditional statistics

A graphic that depicts a frequency, relative frequency, or percent frequency distribution

Bar Chart

Displays the frequency of each class with qualitative data

Bar chart

what are used to describe qualitative (categorical) data

Bar charts, Pie charts

Displays the frequency of each class with quantitative data

Histogram

Which of the following divides quantitative measurements into classes and graphs the frequency, relative frequency, or percentage frequency of each class?

Histogram

Which one of the following graphical tools is used to graph the frequency of employee salaries for target

Histogram

If Amazon wanted to ensure a customers' response to an online survey was confidential and the sampling method was unbiased, which of the following should be implemented?

Identify each randomly selected customer by a random identification number

In the Analytic Process, the next step after the descriptives (Descriptives is the data that has occured up to the current point in time) have been collected, is to use the data to:

Make Predictions

When a person gives an answer that they think you want to hear or is politically correct

Measurement Error

Which of the following is a quantitative variable

Mileage of a car

If a dataset's maximum value is 1500 but the graph only goes to 1000, this is an example of:

Misleading Graphs

Which of the following is a type of question used in survey research

Multiple choice, Dichotomous, Open-ended

A common practice in selecting a sample from a large geographic area is

Multistage cluster sampling

A person's telephone area code is an example of a

Nominative

A(n) ___________ variable is a qualitative variable such that there is no meaningful ordering or ranking of the categories

Nominative

Each door is the same except for the number give, I.E. 1,2,3

Nominative

Filling status

Nominative

PC ownership (no ordering of categories)

Nominative

Variable is a qualitative variable such that there is no meaningful ordering or ranking of the categories

Nominative

In order to select a stratified random sample how do we divide a population?

Non-overlapping groups

When developing a frequency distribution, the class (group) intervals must be

Nonoverlapping

Measurements from a population are called

Observations

The Data Ethics principle that supports datasets can be made available to the public is:

Openness

An identification of police officers by rank would represent

Ordinal

An identification of police officers by rank would represent a(n ) _____________ level of measurement

Ordinal

Each category from TV-G to TV-MA indicates programming appropriate for increasingly older viewers

Ordinal

Each grade from A to F indicates an increasingly lower grade

Ordinal

Possible qualitative data for Stitchfix to collect is a clothing size such as small, medium, and large. This is an example of

Ordinal

Restaurant Ratings

Ordinal

An unusually large or small observation separated from the rest of the data is an

Outlier

The kia plant needs to determine the cumulative frequency of defects in the production of a car door hinge. which type of graph should they use to accurately present this information?

Pareto Chart

StitchFiz has 1000 customers they sampled by age. They should use __________ random sampling to randomly select 50 customers from each age group

Stratified

StitchFix wants to make sure different specific characteristics, such as all different age groups, are represented in their sample. The appropriate sampling method they should use is

Stratified random sampling

An example of manipulating a graphical display to distort reality is

Stretching the axes

By randomly selecting a starting point then choosing every 50th person, we are conducting a

Systemic Random Sampling

What does low response rates affect?

The validity of a surveys results

What is an error?

This is when either the respondent pr interviewer incorrectly marks the answer

The purpose of collecting a random sample from a population is

To make statistical inferences about the entire population

Amazon collects random reviews from their customers on the West Coast as the data they use for their nationwide marketing plan. This sample suffers from which sampling bias?

Undercoverage

Occurs when some population elements are excluded from the process of selecting the sample

Undercoverage

Using a nonrandom sample procedure in order to support a desired conclusion is an example

Unethical Statistical Procedure

Which of the following is not an example of unethical statistical practices

Using graphs to make statistical inferences

What is it called when we combine graphs (visuals) with predictive analytics

Visual Analytics

Is it possible tp use a random sample from a population to make inferences about the entire population

Yes

A plot that allows us to visualize the relationship between two variables is an

scatter

A commercial shipping operates a large fleet of trucks. The company needs to collect data on vehicle usage including acceleration, braking, and vehicle maintenance such as fluid levels. The datasourcing method needed to collect the data for this scenario

sensor

What is relative frequency

the frequency of a class divided by the total number of measurements

When do errors of non-observations occur

when population elements are not observed

Which of the following is a categorical variable?

whether a person has a traffic violation

How are bar graphs for qualitative data displayed

with a gab between each category

Which of the following correlation coefficient describes the weakest relationship between two quantitative variables

0.15

Which of the following correlation coefficients describes the strongest relationship between two qualitative variables

0.85

What effect does having the vertical scale of a graph at a value different from zero do?

Can cause increases to look more dramatic

Examining all population measurements is called

Census

From the video we watched in class, the act of choosing a portion of the axis which leads to telling a misleading story is called

Cherry Picking

Which of the following describes the steps of the Analytic Process after we know the business problem?

Choose Data Sourcing Method-Cllect descriptives- Make Prediction-Ask Next Question

Which of the following are included in the Key Points of storytelling

Choose the appropriate graph and tell and accurate story

In 2020 Presidential Election was in November and we saw reports on the percentage of Americans who were registered to vote in the national. If we wanted to sample all registered to vote in the national election. If we wanted to sample all registered voters in the United States and avoid Bias, as well as, save time and Money, the appropriate sampling method to use would be:

Cluster Random Sampling by regions nationwide

When a low response bias occurs, what should you do?

Conduct another sample to increase the response rate

A local store wants to find out if a new item is linked by their customers. They ask the first 10 customers that enter the story and use this date. This is an example of

Convenience Sampling

A type of sampling in which we select elements because they are easy or convenient to sample

Convenience sampling

In ___________ we select elements because they are easy to sample

Convenience sampling

In ____________ we select elements because they are easy to sample.

Convenience sampling

What is the process of displaying large quantities of data in a meaningful way called

Data Visualization

Given a scatterplot, if one quantitative variable increases when the other quantitative variable decreases the _________________ of the correlation coefficient is ___________________.

Direction, Negative

Given a scatterplot, if one quantitative variable increases as the other quantitative variable increases the ___________ of the correlation coefficient is _____________

Direction, positive

A doctors office needs to know how many of their services are used by their patients during one year time period. Before a patient leaces their office, a summary report includes the date, the doctor they saw, the services provided, and the total charge for each service. Which of the following datasourcing methods best descirbes this data collection scenario

Point of Sale

Set that includes all elements about which we wish to draw a conclusion

Population

If we are concerned whether the data was collected confidentially or anonymously, this is an example of which data ethic principle

Privacy

The question "Do you use third-party cookies" is an example of what would be asked if a person was concerned about:

Privacy Data Ethics Principle

The advertising medium (Radio,Televison, or Print) used to promote a product

Qualitative

The stock exchange on which a companys stock is traded

Qualitative

What variable can also be known as categorical varaibles

Qualitative

What variable is also known as categorical variables

Qualitative

Mileage of a car is an example of what kind of variable?

Quantitative

The dollar amount on an accounts receivable invoice

Quantitative

The national debt of the United States in 2017

Quantitative

The net profit for a company in 2017

Quantitative

By taking a systematic sample in which we select every 100th shopper arriving at a specific store, we are approximating a

Random Sample

The proportion of measurements in a class is called the

Relative frequency

The proportion of measurements in a class is called the ______________ of that class

Relative frequency

is a subset of the unites in a population

Sample

The difference between a numerical descriptor of the population and the corresponding descriptor of the sample. The sample does not reflect the population

Sampling error

Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables

Scatter Plot

What graph is used to identify the relationship between two variables

Scatter plot

Which of the following questions would result in response bias

Since hacking is so common, are you confident that the information you provide online is secure

If a histogram has a long left or right tail, the data is described as:

Skewed

When a histograms distribution has a long right tail it is?

Skewed to the right

What should be included on a graph axis when the scale does not start at zero

Slash

why choose a random sample?

So that every element in the population has the same chance of being included in the sample

The science of using a sample of measurements to make generalizations about the important aspects of a population of measurements

Statistical Inference

Non Overlapping groups of similar elements in a population are called

Strata

What can be combined to develop an appropriate sample

Stratification and multistage cluster

a Yes or No question is

dichotomous

What happens during systematic sampling

first element is randomly selected from the first (N/n) elements

The number of measurements falling within a class interval is called the

frequency

A set of all elements we wish to study is called a

population

Variable can have values that indicate into which of several categories of a population it belongs

qualitative

A ___________ variable take on values that are numbers on the real number line

quantitative