HTHS 1110 Unit 4
In response to bacterial invasion, white blood cells surround and phagocytose invaders. The process directly depends on the availability of
ATP
The energy needed to operate anti port and symport systems comes indirectly from
ATP
The process shown here (Pinocytosis) is categorized as
Active transport
The process shown here (symport and antiport) is categorized as
Active transport
Which of the following is a property of leak channels?
Always open
__________ is when a protein carrier transports two or more substances in different directions across a plasma membrane
Antiport
The passage of water through the cell membrane is facilitated by
Aquaporin
peripheral membrane proteins
Are closely associated with the non polar regions of phospholipids
Which parts of a solution move during filtration?
Both solutes and solvents
The "flag" used to identify a cell's identity is more formally called a
Cell marker protein
Which of the following is a property of the plasma membrane?
Consists mainly of phospholipids
Which of the following is a property of the plasma membrane?
Contains receptors which receive signals from other cells
One function of the plasma membrane is to:
Controls what comes into and goes out of the cell
The apparently random movement of particles in a gas or liquid is an example of
Diffusion (brownian motion)
The process shown here (with the beakers) _____________ energy
Does not require
Along with a true nucleus, ___ are distinguished by the presence of organelles.
Eukaryotes
Cells of the nervous system and endocrine system release chemical substances from secretary vesicles; a fluid filled "bag" of active chemicals. This is an example of
Exocytosis
The energy requiring process is used to remove indigestible materials from the cell
Exocytosis
Cytoplasm
Forms a "soup" of water, salts, proteins, and cellular organelles
In the situation shown here, we can infer that the light blue solution (ion the left side of the U shaped tube) is a ___________ concentration of solute than the purple solution (on the right side of the U shaped tube) and that the sugar (C6H12O6) ____________cross the semipermeable membrane shown
Higher, cannot
Which type of solution has a solute concentration higher than that of the body's cell?
Hypertonic
The term transmembrane proteins is synonymous with
Integral membrane proteins
In the diagram shown here, the middle panel (water moving in and out of cell) depicts a ___________ solution
Isotonic salt
Fibronectin shown in this figure is an example of
Linker proteins
In what part of a cell would you find most of a cell's genetic material?
Nucleus
Nuclear pores allow RNA to cross the nuclear envelope and leave the
Nucleus
Which of the following is a property of voltage-gated channels?
Opened by a change in the electrical charge across the cell membrane
Which of the following is a property of ligand-gated channels?
Opened by extracellular messengers
Which feature is unique to eukaryotes?
Organelles
The best, most complete name for the process illustrated here (u shaped tubes) is
Osmosis
In the left panel (cells shrinking) water is moving
Out of the cell faster than it is moving in
The __________ is a structure in prokaryotic cells that allows for exchange of genetic information
Pilus
The correct orientation for lipids in the cell membrane is
Polar heads pointing towards the inside and outside of the cell, non polar tails sandwiched between
The process shown here (antiport) is categorized as
Secondary active transport
In the absence of a barrier, perfume molecules will spontaneously move out of a bottle and into room air. The process is called
Simple diffusion
Filtration is a transport system based on
Size
In this process, protein carriers move substances across the cell membrane against their concentration gradient and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is used as an energy source
active transport
Gases such as ________ and _________ can pass through a plasma membrane by simple diffusion.
carbon dioxide and oxygen
The rate of diffusion will ___________ as temperature increases
increase
Which of these enzymes might be found on the surface of intestinal cells?
lactase
Almost all the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in the cell is found in the:
nucleus
______________ is the process of diffusion of water across a semi permeable membrane
osmosis
The glucose concentration in blood and extracellular fluid is much higher than the glucose concentration inside the cell. Therefore, in order to move glucose into the cell, we need
protein carriers that mediate facilitated diffusion.
A ligand is a
signaling molecule that binds to a receptor
Gram-negative bacteria have a
thin peptidoglycan layer
