(Massage Therapy) Principles and Practice- Chapter 21 Kinesiology
frontal bone, 2 parietal bones, 2 temporal bones, the occipital bone, the sphenoid bone, and ethmoid bone
What are the 8 bones of the cranium?
Clavicle, Scapula, Humerus, Ulna, Radius, Carpals, Metacarpals, and Phalanges
What are the 8 bones of the upper extremity
Talus Cuneiforms: Medial, Intermediate, and Lateral Navicular Cuboid Calcaneus The Crayon Now Marks Inside Lines Clearly
What are the Bones of the Tarsals?
Radial Head (Joint formation) Radial Neck ( Landmark) Oblique line (Muscle Attachment) Radial Tuberosity (Muscle Attachment) Ulnar Notch (Joint formation) Styloid Process (Muscle Attachment)
What are the Bony Markings of the Radius?
Femoral Head (Joint Formation) Femoral Neck (Landmark) Greater Trochanter (Muscle Attachment) Lesser Trochanter (Muscle Attachment) Intertrochanteric Line (Muscle Attachment) Intertrochanteric Crest (Muscle Attachment) Linea Aspera (Muscle Attachment) Gluteal Tuberosity (Muscle Attachment) Adductor Tubercle (Muscle Attachment) Medial Condyle (Joint Formation) Lateral Condyle (Joint Formation) Intercondylar fossa (Ligament Attachment) Medial Epicondyle (Muscle Attachment) Lateral Epicondyle (Muscle Attachment)
What are the Bony markings of the Femur?
Ischial tuberosity (Muscle Attachment) Ischial Spine (Muscle Attachment) Ischial Ramus (Muscle Attachment) Greater Sciatic Notch (Passage of Sciatic Nerve) Lesser Sciatic Notch (Passage of obturator foramen)
What are the Bony markings of the Ischium?
Pelvic Bone, femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges
What are the bones of the lower extremity?
Humeral Head (Joint Formation) Surgical Neck (Most fractured area) Greater Tubercle (Muscle Attachment) Lesser Tubercle (Muscle Attachment) Intertubercular Groove ( Muscle Attachment) Deltoid Tuberosity (Muscle Attachment) Radial Fossa (Joint formation) Olecranon fossa ( Joint formation) Coronoid Fossa (Joint formation) Capitulum (Joint formation) Trochlea (Joint Formation) Medial Epicondyle (Muscle Attachment) Lateral Epicondyle (Muscle Attachment) Supracondylar Ridge (Muscle Attachment)
What are the bony markings of the Humerus?
Iliac Crest (Muscle Attachment) Iliac Fossa (Muscle Attachment) Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (Muscle Attachment) Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (Muscle Attachment) Posterior Superior Iliac Spine (Muscle Attachment) Posterior Inferior Iliac Spine (Muscle Attachment) Posterior Gluteal Line (Muscle Attachment) Anterior Gluteal Line (Muscle Attachment) Inferior Gluteal Line (Muscle Attachment) Greater Sciatic Notch (Passage of sciatic nerve)
What are the bony markings of the Ilium?
vertebral column
flexible column of 26 bones that extend from the skull to the pelvis
costochondral joint
joints between ribs and their costal cartilages
Atlas (C1)
lacks a body, and its lateral processes contain large concave depressions on their superior surfaces that receive the occipital condyles of the skull
vertebral canal (spinal cavity)
large central hole containing the spinal cord
acetabulofemoral joint
the acetabulum articulates with the femoral head to form what joint?
carpometacarpal joint
the distal carpal bones articulate with the metacarpals to form what joint?
metacarpophalangeal joint (MCP)
the distal end of the metacarpals articulate with the proximal phalanges to form what joint?
radiocarpal joint (wrist)
the distal end of the radius articulates with the carpal bones to form what joint?
talocrural joint (ankle joint)
the distal end of the tibia articulates with the talus to form which joint?
tarsophalangeal joints
the distal ends of the metatarsals articulate with the phalanges to form which joints?
Intercostal Space
the gap between the ribs
atlanto-occipital joint
the occipital bone articulates with the first cervical vertebra to form which joint?
radiocarpal joint
the proximal carpal bones articulate with the radius to form what joint?
costovertebral joint
the ribs articulate with the thoracic vertebrae to form which joint
sternocostal joint
true ribs articulate anteriorly with the sternum to form which joint?
temporal process of the zygomatic bones and the zygomatic process of the the temporal bone
what is the zygomatic arch (cheekbone) formed by?
pubic symphysis
where do the the left and right pubic bones articulate with each other?
Kinesiology
study of human motion
Femur
Longest, Heaviest, and Strongest Bone
Coccyx
3-5 vertebrae fused together to form the tailbone
sacrum
5 fused vertebrae
Intervertebral foramina
Above and below the pedicles of each vertebra a notch is carved out that allows for the passage of spinal nerves and blood vessels. .
Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, Pisiform, Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate Steve Left The Party To Take Cathy Home
Bones of the Carpals include?
Ulna
During actions of supination and pronation the radius rotates over which bone?
2 Nasal Bones, Vomer Bone, 2 Zygomatic Bones, 2 Lacrimal Bones, 2 inferior nasal concha bones, 2 palatine bones, 2 fused maxillae, and mandible
Facial Bones
8
How many Carpal Bones are there per hand?
5
How many Metacarpals are there?
14
How many Phalanges do we have per hand?
14
How many bones are in the face?
7
How many cervical vertebrae are there?
5
How many lumbar vetebrae are there?
12
How many thoracic vertebrae are there?
Laminar Groove
Located on either side of spinous processes and contains many spinal muscles and ligaments.
costal margin of ribs
Lower edge of chest formed by bottom edge of ribs, forms the upside down "V" of ribs
Morton's Toe
Morton's toe is a condition in which there is an abnormally short first metatarsal, and thus the second toe appears to be longer than the great toe.
Vertebral body (Joint formation) Pedicle (Attaches arch of body) Lamina (Laminar groove) Transverse Processes (Muscle attachment) Spinous Process (Muscle Attachment) Articular processes (Superior and Inferior)
Vertebral Elements
Medial (Sternal) End Lateral (Acromial end)
What Bony Markings does the clavicle have?
patellofemoral joint
The distal anterior portion of the femur also articulates with the patella to form which joint?
tibiofemoral joint (knee)
The distal end of the femur articulates with the tibia to form which joint?
humeroradial joint (elbow)
The distal end of the humerus articulates with the radius to form what joint?
humeroulnar joint
The distal end of the humerus articulates with the ulna to form what joint?
glenohumeral joint
The glenoid cavity articulates with the proximal end of the humerus to form what joint?
zygapophyseal joints
The joints between articular processes of vertebra are termed:
acromioclavicular joint
The lateral end of the clavicle articulates with the acromion to form what joint?
Sacroilliac Joint (SI) Joint
The left and right ilium bones articulate with the sacrum to form what joint?
sternoclavicular joint
The medial end of the clavicle articulates with the sternum to form what joint?
tibiofibular joint
The proximal and distal ends of the tibia articulate with the fibula to form which joint?
acetabulofemoral joint
The proximal end of the femur articulates with the acetabulum to form which joint?
tarsometatarsal joint
The tarsal bones articulate with the metatarsals to form which joint?
Ischium
These bones are also known as SITZ bones because correct seated posture involves resting the weight of the upper body on one of its bony markings
illium, ischium, pubis
What are the 3 Pelvic Bones?
Superior Border (Landmark) Medial Border (Muscle Attachment) Lateral Border (Muscle Attachment) Superior Angle (Muscle Attachment) Inferior Angle (Muscle Attachment) Spine of the Scapula (Muscle Attachment) Root of Spine (Muscle Attachment) Acromion Process (Muscle Attachment and Joint Formation) Coracoid Process (Muscle Attachment) Glenoid Cavity (Joint Formation) Supraspinous fossa (Muscle Attachment) Infraspinous fossa (Muscle Attachment) Subscapular fossa (Muscle Attachment) Supraglenoid tubercle (Muscle Attachment) Infraglenoid tubercle (Muscle Attachment)
What are the bony markings of the Scapula?
sella turcica; pituitary gland location
What are the bony markings of the Sphenoid Bone?
Medial Condyle ( Joint Formation) Lateral Condyle ( Joint Formation) Tibial Tuberosity (Muscle Attachment) Crest (anterior border) (Landmark) Medial Malleolus (Landmark)
What are the bony markings of the Tibia?
Olecranon Process (Muscle Attachment) Trochlear Notch (Joint formation) Radial Notch (Joint Formation) Ulnar Tuberosity (Muscle Attachment) Coronoid Process (Muscle Attachment) Styloid Process (Landmark)
What are the bony markings of the Ulna?
Fibular head (Muscle Attachment) Lateral Malleolus (Landmark)
What are the bony markings of the fibula?
foramen magnum (passage for spinal cord) Superior nuchal line Inferior nuchal line external occipital protuberance occipital condyles
What are the bony markings of the occipital bone?
Superior Pubic Ramus (Muscle Attachment) Inferior Pubic Ramus (Muscle Attachment) Pubic Tubercle (Muscle Attachment) Pubic Crest (Muscle Attachment) Pectineal Line (Muscle Attachment) Pubic Body (Landmark)
What are the bony markings of the pubis?
Manubrium (Muscle Attachment and Joint Formation) Sternal body (Muscle Attachment and Joint Formation) Xiphoid Process (Muscle Attachment and Joint Formation)
What are the bony markings of the sternum?
Styloid Process (ligament and muscle attachment) Mastoid process (Muscle attachment) Zygomatic Process (Muscle attachment)
What are the bony markings of the temporal bone?
Sutures
What are the fibrous joints locate between skull bones called?
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrococcygeal regions
What are the four regions of the vertebral column?
Menisci (medial and lateral)
What are the half-ringed fibrocartilage disks called in the knee?
hyoid bone
What bone does not directly articulate with any other bone?
skull, ribcage, sternum, and vertebral column
What bones make up the Axial Skeleton?
True Ribs- 7 Pairs ( connects with sternum directly) False Ribs- 5 Pairs (Connects with sternum indirectly or not at all)
What bones make up the ribcage?
interosseous membrane
What connects the radius and ulna?
interosseous membrane
What connects the tibia and fibula and provides muscle attachments?
shoulder (pectoral) girdle
What does the Clavicle and Scapula make up?
bones, ligaments, tendons
What forms foot arches?
transverse carpal ligament (flexor retinaculum)
What forms on the sides of carpal tunnel?
Patella
What is the largest sesamoid bone in the body?
Clavicle
What is the most commonly fractured bone?
temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
What joint is located between the temporal bones and mandible?
posterior to ribs 2 through 7
Where is the Scapula located?
The glenoid cavity is shallow, but lacks stability. Prone to injuries
Why is the shoulder one of the most mobile joints in the body?
Intervertebral Disk
an elastic disk located between adjoining vertebrae, consisting of a gel- and water-filled nucleus surrounded by fibrous rings; serves as a shock absorber for the spinal column
demifacets of thoracic vertebrae
articulate with the head of the ribs
atlantoaxial joint
articulation between the atlas and axis no-no joint (head turning and shaking)
vertebral arch
composed of pedicles, laminae, and a spinous process, it represents the junction of all posterior extensions from the vertebral body
Acetabulum
deep socket in the hip bone that receives the head of the thigh bone
nuchal ligament
expanded portion of the supraspinous ligament within the posterior neck; interconnects the spinous processes of the cervical vertebrae and attaches to the base of the skull (occipital bone)
Vertebral body
located anteriorly and is the weight-bearing component of the bone- increasing in size from the cervical to the lumbar region
supraspinous ligament
located on the posterior aspect of the vertebral column and connects each vertebra
Pelvic tilt
position of pelvis as it rests on the femurs
Axis (C2)
possesses the dens, or odontoid process (bony protrusion that projects superiorly)
