MasteringBio: Ch. 5 Core Content
Part B Which of these is hydrophobic like the interior of the plasma membrane C D B C and D A
A
Cells use this molecule to store the chemical energy released by the breakdown of food molecules during cellular respiration. glucose CO2 O2 ATP
ATP
Activity: Energy Transformations Part A Which of these is exhibiting kinetic energy? a rock on a mountain ledge an archer with a flexed bow a space station orbiting Earth the high-energy phosphate bonds of a molecule of ATP a person sitting on a couch while watching TV
a space station orbiting Earth
BioFlix Activity: Membrane Transport -- Active Transport Certain molecules cross the plasma membrane through the process of active transport. Active transport requires an input of energy and moves molecules against their concentration gradient.
a) Side with a lower concentration of square molecules b) Transport protein c) Energy input from the cell d) Plasma Membrane e) Side with a higher concentration of square molecules
BioFlix Activity: Membrane Transport -- Facilitated Diffusion Certain molecules use facilitated diffusion to cross the plasma membrane.
a) plasma membrane b) side with higher concentration of molecules c) side with lower concentration of molecules d) facilitated diffusion causes a net movement of molecules down their concentration gradient e) transport protein
BioFlix Activity: Membrane Transport -- Diffusion Certain molecules use diffusion to cross the plasma membrane.
a)Side with higher concentration of molecules b) Plasma membrane c) Side with lower concentration of molecules d) Diffusion causes a net movement of molecules down their concentration gradient
Which are materials found in a molecule of ATP? an organic molecule called adenosine plus two phosphate groups an organic molecule called cytosine plus three phosphate groups amino acids in a precise sequence an organic molecule called adenosine plus three phosphate groups
an organic molecule called adenosine plus three phosphate groups
Part D In your body, what process converts the chemical energy found in glucose into the chemical energy found in ATP? redox potentiation anabolism cellular respiration digestion
cellular respiration
Part B "Conservation of energy" refers to the fact that _____. the entropy of the universe is always increasing no chemical reaction is 100 percent efficient energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be converted from one form to another the net amount of disorder is always increasing if you conserve energy you will not be as tired
energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be converted from one form to another
Activation energy can be described as __________. metabolism energy needed to activate the reactants and trigger a chemical reaction energy needed to activate an enzyme energy released by a chemical reaction
energy needed to activate the reactants and trigger a chemical reaction
Part F What is the correct label for "A"? ATP substrate energy energy of activation uphill enzyme energy
energy of activation
Part E Which of these are by-products of cellular respiration? ATP heat and water ATP and water glucose and water water
heat and water
Part B This cell is in a(n) _____ solution. hypertonic or isotonic isotonic hypertonic hypotonic hypotonic and isotonic
hypertonic
Part D You know that this cell is in a(n) _____ solution because it _____. hypertonic ... gained water hypertonic ... lysed hypotonic ... lysed hypertonic solution ... lost water hypotonic ... is turgid
hypertonic solution ... lost water
Part C You know that this cell is in a(n) _____ solution because the cell _____ isotonic ... neither lost nor gained water hypotonic ... swelled hypotonic ... shrunk hypertonic ... gained water hypertonic ... lost water
hypotonic ... swelled
Activity: Exocytosis and Endocytosis Part A Endocytosis moves materials _____ a cell via _____. into ... membranous vesicles into ... facilitated diffusion out of ... diffusion into ... a transport protein out of ... membranous vesicles
into ... membranous vesicles
Part C An enzyme _____. is a inorganic catalyst can bind to nearly any molecule increases the the activation energy of a reaction is a source of energy for endergonic reactions is an organic catalyst
is an organic catalyst
Part E As a result of its involvement in a reaction, an enzyme _____. is unchanged permanently alters its shape. loses energy is used up loses a phosphate group
is unchanged
Activity: Osmosis and Water Balance in Cells Part A What name is given to the process by which water crosses a selectively permeable membrane? osmosis pinocytosis passive transport diffusion phagocytosis
osmosis
Part C A white blood cell engulfing a bacterium is an example of _____. facilitated diffusion receptor-mediated endocytosis phagocytosis pinocytosis exocytosis
phagocytosis
Part C Chemical energy is a form of _____ energy. heat kinetic entropic motion potential
potential
Activity: How Enzymes Work Part A Most enzymes are _____. nucleic acids minerals proteins lipids carbohydrates
proteins
Part B Enzymes work by _____. decreasing the potential energy difference between reactant and product adding energy to a reaction reducing activation energy increasing the potential energy difference between reactant and product adding a phosphate group to a reactant
reducing activation energy
Part D What name is given to the reactants in an enzymatically catalyzed reaction? reactors products substrate active sites
substrate
Which is the best definition of energy? the conversion of one form of chemical energy to another form of chemical energy ATP the conversion of light energy to chemical energy the capacity to cause change
the capacity to cause change
Part B You can recognize the process of pinocytosis when _____. the cell is engulfing extracellular fluid a receptor protein is involved the cell is engulfing a large particle
the cell is engulfing extracellular fluid
Activity: Selective Permeability of Membranes Part A Structure A in the figure is a(n) _____. structural protein transport protein enzyme receptor molecule antibody
transport protein
