Medieval Europe

Magna Carta, Habeas Corpus

-A monarch could no longer collect special taxes without consent of the nobles and Church officials. -Right of _______ no "free man" could be jailed except by the lawful judgment of his peers or by the law of the land. -Monarch was not above the law.

Chivalry

-Lived by a strong code of behavior called _______: loyalty to the Church and their lord; be just and fair; and protect the helpless.

12-apprentices, parents sign agreeing that master will feed and provide shelter, rarely got paid, after 7 years they could become a master by creating a successful "master piece"

Describe the process of becoming a member of a guild: from age 12 to the end of the seven years.

Small, crowded, wood, wealthy had much larger

Describe the typical home in a medieval town.

Buying a charter

How was a town able to become independent of a feudal lord?

Educated at home married young kids soon after, opportunity to paint or read

How were the lives of medieval girls different from those of modern or wealthy girls?

an invading Germanic tribe attacked Rome and looted it.

In 410 C.E....

Trial by combat Trail by ordeal

Methods to decide guilt

Dramatized lives of saints

Miracle plays

Divine right of kings, god

Monarchs believed in the "_____," which meant that ____ gave them the right to rule.

Stories from the bible

Mystery plays

Medieval ladies

-Noblewomen or _______ were responsible for managing the household, raising and training their children and sometimes the children of the noble families. They were also responsible for overseeing their large households.

Pilgrimages

-People went on _________ to show their devotion to God, as an act of penance for their sins, or in hope of being cured of an illness.

Empire continued for another 1,000 years

Finally in the east...

Crime punishments

Fines, stocks, hanged, burned at the steak

Nave, transept

Long part of cathedral, short part

Bloodleting, prayer, magic, herbel medicene

Treatments for disease

Colums

Used to support buildings cylinder shape

Vault

Used to support the ceiling

Serfs

______ were bound (tied) to the manor and could not leave without permission.

Weakening Frontiers

empire was so large, hard to defend. Communication throughout was slow. Soldiers were sometimes disloyal.

Bishops

governed areas called dioceses from great cathedrals.

Arches

Roman architecture

Marriage

formal union of a couple by the Church.

Feudalism

people pledged loyalty to a lord and in return they received protection from the lord.

Holy orders

ritual during which a man becomes a priest.

Middle Ages

the fall of Rome in 476 C.E. marks the beginning of the period in Europe known as _______ called this because it falls between ancient and modern ages

Bubonic plague, Buboes

Black blue spots on sling of the victims of _____ called ___

Aqueducts

Carried water from far away into towns

Cross

Cathedral is in shape of

Dolls, toys, wooden swords, hobby horses, rolled hoops, badminton, lawn bowling, blind mans bluff

Children's games

Measals, cholera, scarlet fever, bubounic plaugue

Common disease

Parts of Medieval Europe islands

Corsica

Parts of Medieval Europe islands

Crete

Parts of Medieval Europe islands

England

Organizations of people who practice the same craft, was created to give member fair treatment and to produce quality goods

What were guilds? Why were they established?

narrow, crowded no garbage collection and unpleasant smells

What were the streets like? What were the town squares like?

Life was dangerous and protection was greatly wanted

When the Roman Empire collapsed

Countryside, feudal manors, religious communities, towns piping up around castles monasteries and trade routes

Where did most people live at the start of the Middle Ages? Where did they live by the 12th century?

Rivers for easy trade

Where were towns in medieval Europe often located, and why?

Poland and Hungary

Which medieval countries did the Carpathian Mountains extend through?

Was the basis of many languages such as Spanish, French, and Italian

Why is Latin such an important language

Convenient transportation and trade

Why were large medieval cities were located along rivers?

People could not read

Why were pictures hung around shops and businesses?

William the conqueror, feudalism, england

______ defeated his cousin Harold and established a line of Norman kings in England. -Brought ____ to ____.

Political Instability

transfer of power from one emperor to the next - unpredictable. Often the army chose next emperor.

Joan of Arc

was a 17-year-old peasant girl who claimed she heard the voices of saints urging her to save France. -She led a French army to victory in a battle. -Her actions inspired many French people to feel more strongly about their king and nation.

Thomas Aqunias

was an Italian scholar of philosophy and theology.

Confirmation

when a person declares his or her belief in God and the Church

Baptisim

when a person is cleansed of sin and admitted to the Church.

Constantine

•After Diocletian, ____ became emperor and reunited the east and the west for a short time.

New Rome, Constantinople

•He called the new capital ___ and later changed it to ______.

Diocletian

•In the late 200s, _ took power.

Rise of feudalism

•This need for protection led to the _______.

Huns, Atilla

•_____ led by _____ invaded southeastern Europe

Improved farming and. Revival of trade

What contributed to the growth of towns in medieval Europe?

Carpathian Mountains

What mountain range lies between the Byzantine and Holy Roman Empire?

Alps(Mountains)

What physical feature seperated the Italian peninsula and the Holy Roman Empire?

At 7 started preparing for adulthood, half the children died

What was difficult about growing up in a medieval town?

Thick stone walls, visitors entered through a gate, homes and businesses lined paved streets

What were Medieval towns like?

Domes

A ceiling in the shape of a half circle that rests on a circular wall

Chess, checkers, bad gammon, card games, dancing

Adult activities

Franks, Charlemagne, King Father of Europe

After ruling the _____ for more than 40 years, _______, called the "_________"

Model Parliament

Government created by Edwards that included more people such as lower ranking clergy , church officials, and nobles

Provided with food and money in times of need

How did guilds help their members and the families of their members?

Latin their used language was the most common and most church officials could read-trusted advisors

How did the church acquire great political power?

the last Roman emperor was driven out and the western half of the empire began to break apart.

In 476 C.E...

Citizens subject to Roman law

In time all free people were considered

Parts of Medieval Europe islands

Ireland

Knights

Jousts and tournaments were part of a ____ life

Hundred years war

King of France challenged England's claim to the French feifs

Frescos

Paintings that show three dimensional landscapes

Disorder, chaos

People needed to find a system of protection from the ____ and _____.

Towns dirty no running water, waste tossed into the street, crowded living space, rats and fleas with disease,

Reasons for disease

Gem cutting and metal work

Romans developed this art

Benetictines

Saint benedictines followers became known as the

Parts of Medieval Europe islands

Sardinia

Parts of Medieval Europe islands

Sicily

Social Problems

Social Problems: corruption and crime were common. Spirit of citizenship declined.

Realistic Statues, Mosaics

Some art

Pope

Supreme Head of the Roman Catholic Church.

Europe and Asia

The Byzantine empire is on which to continents

Crusaders, holy land

The ______ were Christian military expeditions to the __________ that attempted to recover Jerusalem and other sites of pilgrimages from the Muslims.

divided between two emperors, one in Rome and one in Constantinople.

Then, power in the empire was . . .

move his capital east to Byzantium. He renamed the city New Rome (later, Constantinople)

First, in 330 C.E., Constantine decided to . . .

Monarchs set up system of royal courts, safeguard of individual rights

What changes to the court system helped protect individual rights in the early 1100s in England?

Stoics

Valued courage and self control

I,X,C,M

What are 1,10,100,1000 in Roman numerals

Saint Francis of Assisi, Franciscans

born to a wealthy Italian family, but gave up his money to serve the poor. He founded the _____, an order that is also called the Little Brothers of the Poor.

Economic Problems

citizens, who paid high taxes to finance Rome's army, were poor. Trade suffered; unemployment.

Saint Benedict

he developed the monastic (life in a monastery) way of life in western Europe. In the 6th century, he founded a monastery in Italy.

Cardinal

high-ranking clergymen who assisted and counseled the pope.

Archbishops

oversaw large or important areas called archdioceses.

Preist

oversaw local communities called parishes.

Eucharist

part of the Mass in which the bread and wine are consecrated.