MH
Count Basie's first hit was the following informal twelve-bar blues:
"One O'Clock Jump."
Duke Ellington's career lasted from his New York debut in 1923 until his death in
1974.
A simple way of diagramming march form is
A A B B C C D D
______ occurs when all the musicians in the band suddenly stop to let a single musician take a brief two-bar solo.
A break
The form of "Oh! Lady Be Good is
AABA (32-bar pop song form).
During the 1920s, Louis Armstrong recorded with
ALL THESE Fletcher Henderson, Bessie Smith, and Earl Hines
Jazz is
America's classical music, a folk music, a popular music
After a decline in popularity, what sparked a comeback for Duke Ellington and his orchestra?
An appearance at the Newport Jazz Festival in 1956
Of the following saxophonists, __________developed an improvising style directly influenced by Coleman Hawkins.
Ben Webster and Chu Berry
In August, 1935
Benny Goodman's swing band broke through to mainstream success.
At the end of this excerpt of "King Porter Stomp," the clarinetist performing is
Benny Goodman.
This singer, known as the "Empress of the Blues," died in 1937:
Bessie Smith.
All of the following were female jazz instrumentalists, except:
Billie Holiday
Listening Example 2: "A Sailboat in the Moonlight" Timing: 0:08-0:38 The singer featured in this recording of "A Sailboat in the Moonlight" is
Billie Holiday
Often cited as jazz's greatest vocalist, this singer had a thin, edgy timbre, and worked within a range of no more than an octave and a half.
Billie Holiday
Paul Whiteman hired ______ to be the full-time featured vocalist with his orchestra.
Bing Crosby
In 1943, Ellington wrote the following forty-eight minute piece as a "history of the American Negro" and performed it in concert at Carnegie Hall:
Black, Brown, and Beige
The following soloist, who unusual timbre arose from his matery of mutes, enriched Duke Ellington's early recodings:
Bubber Miley
What swing bandleader was a singer and entertainer who wowed both black and white audiences by evoking the Harlem underworld?
Cab Calloway
Listening Example 4: "Swing to Bop" ("Topsy) Timing: 2:36-3:10 The guitarist on this recording of "Swing to Bop" is
Charlie Christian
Who was the firt important electric guitarist in jazz?
Charlie Christian
Which drummer led a famous swing band at the Savoy Ballroom despite being handicapped by spinal tunerculosis
Chick Webb
The feature saxophone soloist in this excerpt of "Body and Soul" is
Coleman Hawkins
What were "cutting contests"?`
Competitions in which jazz musicians would try to outplay each other
Duke Ellington's compositions included
Conga Brava
Lester Young's light lyricism foreshadowed
Cool Jazz
Jo Jones played drums with
Count Basie
Listening Example 2: "One O'Clock Jump" Timing: 1:53-2:26 The pianist and bandleader in this recording of "One O'clock Jump" is
Count Basie
Whose band featured the "All american Rhythm Section," known for tis driving groove of four beats to a bar
Count Basie
Today, New Orleans Style jazz is also known by the name of
Dixieland jazz.
Listening Example 4: "Conga Brava" Timing: 0:00-0:32 The bandleader and composer of "Conga Brava" is
Duke Ellington
The jazz band on this recording of "Black and Tan Fantasy" was led by
Duke Ellington
Which artist summed up his attitude toward rhythm with the aphorism, "It don't mean a thing if it ain't got that swing"?
Duke Ellington
Who plays the piano solo in this recording of "Black and Tan Fantasy" ?
Duke Ellington
In 1928, Armstrong recorded with this pianist from Pittsburgh, whose single-note improvisation matched his ability to create new melodic lines:
Earl Hines
Duke Ellington rarely wrote his music down, preferring to work by oral tradition.
False
During World War II, the Nazis promoted American jazz, claiming that the Negro-based music demonstrated the inferiority of Jewish culture
False
Like Louis Armstrong, Fletcher Henderson came from a disadvantaged background in New Orleans, steeped in the blues.
False
The Depression had little effect on the record industry, which flourished despite the economic turnmoil.
False
The idea that "Jazz is African American music" is rooted in race, not ethnicity.
False
The __________ was ensemble from an African American college that performed spirituals before the general public as early as 1871.
Fisk Jubilee Singers
Which big band leader's style of arranging became the standard for other seing arrangers?
Fletcher Henderson
_____ big band enlisted in the U.S. Army as a unit in order to entertain the troops overseas.
Glenn Miller's
Louis Armstrong ended his association with Fletcher Henderson because
Henderson did not want Armstrong to sing.
The arranger of "Blue Lou" is
Horace Henderson (Fletcher Henderson's brother).
What pattern of chord changes below is used in the basic twelve-bar blues form?
I I I I IV IV I I V V I I
Which chords or harmonies are used in the twelve-bar blues?
I, IV, and V
What was distinctive about Bix Beiderbecke's recording "Singin' the Blues" when it was recorded in 1927?
It is a slow ballad.
Which is true about ragtime?
Its "ragged" polyrhythmic syncopation contributed to jazz and it was a form of composition first published in 1897.
Among the great stride virtuosos of the 1920s was the following pianist, whose composition "Carolina Shout" became a test-piece for elite New York pianists:
James P. Johnson
Listening Example 2: "You've Got to Be Modernistic" Timing: 0:04=0:34 - four-bar intro pus Strain A (32 bars) Who is the pianist in this recording of "You've Got to Be Modernistic"?
James P. Johnson
Louis Armstrong got his first big break playing in the band of
Joe "King" Oliver
This musician was known for his inventive use of mutes:
Joe "King" Oliver
This music producer spurred the boogie-woogie revival of the 1930s with his concert, "From Spirituals to Swing":
John Hammond
This saxophonist, who was one of Duke Ellington's chied soloists, stayed with the band for nearly five decades:
Johnny Hodges
Although born in New Jersey, Count Basie is indelibly associated with
Kansas City
The name of the group playing "Snake Rag" is
King Oliver's Jazz Band.
Listening Example 3: "Oh! Lady Be Good" Timing: 1:42-2:12 The saxophone soloist in this recording of "Oh! Lady Be Good" is
Lester Young
This saxophonist - featured on the recording of "A Sailboat in the Moonlight" - was nicknamed "Pres" by Billie Holiday
Lester Young
This saxophonist had a "musical romance" with Billie Holiday, often appearing as her accompanist on her recordings:
Lester Young
Count Basie's saxophone section included
Lester Young and Herschel Evans.
_____ has been considered the most important individual in the history of jazz.
Louis Armstrong
Listening Example 1: "Walkin' and Swingin'" Timing 1:41-2:2:15 The pianist and arranger in this recording of "Walkin' and Swingin' " is
Mary Lou Williams
Which is true about women in jazz?
Most were singers or pianists in big-name bands and many performed in all-female bands only
This bandleader, widely known as the "King of Jazz," was an early pop superstar who championed "symphonic jazz":
Paul Whiteman
George Gershwin composed and performed
Rhapsody in Blue
The most harmonically daring and influential trumpeter of the Swing Era was
Roy Eldridge
What was Louis Armstrong's nickname?
Satchmo
Swing dancing began at the ______ in Harlem.
Savoy Ballroom
Who is the best-known composer of ragtime music?
Scott Joplin
The Benny Goodman Quartet featured what African American pianist?
Teddy Wilson
The swing era took place during which two important historical events?
The Great Depression and World War II
Which jazz band was the first to be recorded in 1917?
The Original Dixieland Jazz Band
Which is true about American brass bands?
They were common in African American as well as white communities.
The center of the songwriting industry in New York was known colloquially as
Tin Pan Alley
During the Swing Era, rhythm sections fused into a unified rhythmic front, keeping time and marking the harmonies
True
Head arrangements were flexible, sometimes expanding to ten minutes in the heat of performance.
True
Prior to the influence of Charlie Christian and the electric guitar, the great Swing Era rhythm guitarists did little more than reinforce the pulse of the string bass and drummer with a steady four-beat chuck-chunk-chunk-chunk
True
The minstrel show's characteristics, including blackface, lingered in American show business until the early 1950s.
True
The "Father of the Blues" was this cornet-playing bandleader who first heard the blues in a Mississippi train station:
W.C. Handy
This bassist codified the walking bass during his years in the Count Basie rhythm section:
Walter Page
The Great Migration was a response to the manpower shortage created by
World War I
Jammin' the Blues was
a 1944 short film featuring a jazz improvisation.
Django Reinhardt was
a Gypsy guitarist of stunning originality.
This excerpt of "Swing to Bop" was recorded at
a Harlem jam session
The swing hit "Stomping at the Savoy" referred to:
a New York dance hall
Benny Carter was an alto saxophonist, but was also known as
a bandleader and an arranger only
James Reese Europe was
a black musician who perfumed ragtime for white dance instructors and leader of the 369th Infantry Band, or "Hellfighters," during World War I only.
Each time the phrase "In that old field" in "The Buzzard Lope" is repeated, it ends with
a cadence.
The kind of elaborate passage for a solo instrument heard at the beginning of this excerpt of "West End Blues" is known as
a cadenza
Listening Example 2: "Snake Rag" Timing: 0:00-0:27 The "snake" in "Snake Rag" refers to
a descending chromatic line.
Stride style is defined by
a left-hand technique, alternating bass notes and chords.
In "Reckless Blues," the trumpet player's timbre is distorted by
a plunger mute
"Secondary ragtime" is
a polyrhythm, featuring a meter of three superimposed on a meter of two.
Creoles were
a racially mixed people of color.
Frankie Trumbauer was
a saxophonist whose delicate solos influenced later black soloists and a leading exponent of the "Chicago style."
"Jim Crow" was
a standard character in the minstrel show and the legal system of post-Reconstruction segregation only.
Each section in "You've Got to Be Modernistic" is called
a strain.
Mary Lou Williams was
a stride pianist and a big band arranger only
Benny Moten was
a territory bandleader
Gertrude "Ma" Rainey was
a vaudeville/classic blues artist
Creoles contributed to jazz by
adding their traditional musical training and ability to read music.
When repeating a strain in "Down Home Rag," the main performer
adds melodic variations that approach improvisation.
A sideman is
any musician employed by a bandleader.
Throughout this excerpt of "Body and Soul," the soloist shapes his improvisation by stringing together notes from the underlying chords. These are known as
apreggios.
The rhythm section of the Benny Goodman small group excluded what instrument?
bass
Listening Example 2: "King Porter Stomp" Timing: 0:32-1:08 Which of the following describes the jazz band playing on this recording of "King Porter Stomp"?
big band
Listening Example 1: "Blue Lou" Timing 0:00-0:37 The style of "Blue Lou" is
big band swing
The style of this performance of "King Porter Stomp" is
big-band swing.
Listening Example 3: "Sinin' in the Blues" Timing: 0:00-1:02 The beginning of "Singin' the Blues" features
block chords
The vocal trio on this recording of "Changes" sings in
block-chord harmony.
As the excerpt of "Dead Man Blues" ends, the solo instrument makes prominent use of
blue notes.
Country blues musicians changed the timbre and pitch of their guitars by using
bottlenecks
The popularity of the trumpet (cornet), clarinet, and trombone in jazz was due mostly to the influence of
brass bands.
The solo at the beginning of "Singin' the Blues" features
breaks and scooped notes only
What musical characteristic of the spiritual directly influenced jazz?
call and response
Which describes the musical interplay between the singer and the trumpet in "Reckless Blues"?
call and response
The texture of "The Buzzard Lope" is
call and response.
A turnaround is
chords played in the last few bars of a chorus, leading on to the next chorus.
This excerpt of "Over the Rainbow" prominently features
chromatic harmony
The three wind/brass instruments improvising on this recording of "Dead Man Blues" are
clarinet, cornet, and trombone.
During collective improvisation, the instruments are arranged in the following order (from top to bottom):
clarinet, trumpet (or cornet), and trombone.
The instrument playing the melody in this excerpt from "Down Home Rage" is a
clarinet.
Benny Goodman was a
clarinetist.
All of the following techniques are heard in this excerpt of "Walkin' and Swingin'" except
collective improvisation
At the time jazz started to be recorded in 1917, New Orleans style already featured
collective improvisation and glissandos, stop-time, and breaks only.
During the first chorus of "Dead Man Blues," the band uses
collective improvisation and polyphonic texture only.
Many Kansas City bands featured head arrangements, which were
collectively composed by members of the band and not written down and often created in jazz session only.
The clarinet plays an improvised_____in this excerpt of "Conga Brava"
countermelody
Jimmy Blanton and Charlie Christian
did not live past age twenty-five
Listening Example 1: "Body and Soul" Timing: 2:23-2:57 In this excerpt of "Body and Soul," the pulse of the saxophonist's line is twice as fast as the beat played by the rhythm section. This is known as
double time
In boogie-woogie, the left hand divides each measure into ___ pulses
eight
Billie Holiday's singing style
embellished and altered the melody in subtle and personal ways.
"Tailgate trombone" features
exaggerated glissandos
Field hollers and work songs
expressed the loneliness and hardship of African Americans and contributed to the music that became know as the blues only
Some of the trumpet's notes are played so lightly that they can barely be heard in this excerpt of "Weather Bird." These are
ghosted notes.
Lester Young
had a light sound, played rhythmically unpredictable phrases, and spoke a special slang.
In his later years, Louis Armstrong
had a number one hit single in 1964 ("Hello, Dolly!") and shocked the establishment by protesting Orval Faubus's takeover of Central High School.
Django Reinhardt's virtuosity was all the more remarkable because
his left hand was injured in a fire
During the clarinet solo at the end of this excerpt of "King Porter Stomp," the drummer
interacts with the clarinet soloist and plays cross rhythms.
Flechter Henderson
led the best jazz band around in the second half of the 1920s and used a big band that closely resembles the big band of today, including reeds, trumpers, trombones, and rhythm section only.
Compared to ragtime, stride style was
livelier, faster, and more propulsive.
In "Reckless Blues," the singer uses
melismas and the blues scale only.
The singer's style of imporvisation in this excerpt of "A Sailboat in the Moonlight" is
melodic paraphrase
The texture at the opening of "West End Blues" is
monophonic
Just before the final note in this excerpt of "Body and Soul," the soloist creates a striking contrast by playing a passage with
no accompaniment
Freddie Keppard was
one of the first jazz musicians to travel widely.
Duke Ellington's compositions number
over a thousand.
From 1934 to 1939, Coleman Hawkins
performed and lived in Europe.
Vaudeville blues - also known as classic or urban blues - songs were
performed on black theater circuits.
By 1900, the syncopations of ragtime music had shifted from the banjo to the following instrument:
piano.
After the piano solo in this excerpt of "One O'Clock Jump," the trumpets
play a three-cord riff every measure
The saxophonist in this excerpt of "A Sailboat in the Moonlight"
plays a countermelody to her singing and answers her phrases with improvisation of his own only
In this excerpt of "Swing to Bop" the drummer
plays loud accents on the snare drum and interacts with the soloist only
During the trumpet solo in this excerpt of "Oh! Lady Be Good," the saxophonist
plays riffs in the background.
In the late 1930s, Columbia, Victor, and Decca were the three most important
record companies.
Which section plays in the background during the clarinet solo in this except from "Star Dust"?
rhythm and strings
What jazz technique is not used in this excerpt of "A Sailboat in the Moonlight"?
scat-singing
The groove in "Walkin' and Swingin'" is
swing
Swing music appealed most dramatically to what demographic group?
teenagers
At the end of this excerpt of "Walkin' and Swingin'"
the brass and sax sections alternate riffs.
A "shout chorus" is
the final, climaactic chorus in an arrangement.
The Southwest affected music nationally through
the piano style boogie-woogie.
Listening Example 2: "Reckless Blues" Timing: 2:18-2:58 - last chorus (and coda) "Reckless Blues" is a good example of
vaudeville blues.
Lionel Hampton played the
vibraphone
What normal feature of jazz is missing from this excerpt of "Conga Brava"?
walking bass
At the time of his death, Louis Armstrong
was mourned worldwide.
The form of "One O'Clock Jump" is
12-bar blues
Listening Example 3: "Black and Tan Fantasy" Timing: 1:21-1:55 fade The trumpet player in this recording of "Black and Tan Fantasy" is
Bubber Miley.
Which musician, whose career ended with his nervous breakdown in 1906, is generally acknowledged as the first important musician in jazz?
Buddy Bolden
Armstrong formed his Hot Five and Hot Seven bands in
Chicago.
What kind(s) of musical form did New Orleans bands use?
12-bar blues and march/ragtime form only
The form heard in the section after the opening of "West End Blues" is
12-bar blues.
Louis Armstrong was
ALL THESE a cornet (trumpet) player; a jazz singer; and a bandleader
Fats Waller was
ALL THESE brilliant stride pianist, a well-known singer with a comedic flair, a successful Broadway songwriter, with songs like "Ain't Misbehavin" to his credit
The Lindy Hop
ALL THESE feature a steady four beats; was an improvised, African-style dance; and contain "breakways."
Benny Goodman
ALL THESE helped bring about the integration of black and white jazz musicians; grew up in the slums of Chicago; found great success after performing at the Palomar in Los Angeles.
In boogie-woogie, the left hand features repeated rhythms, also known as
an ostinaro and "chains" only
The saxophone solo in this recording of "Walkin' and Swingin'" is accompanied by
background riffs
The rhythm section on this recording of "Black and Tan Fantasy prominently uses the
bajo
Which of the following genre is/are part of early African American folk culture?
ballads
The musical term for when the trumpet enters in the excerpt of "Weather Bird" is:
break.
Louis Armstrong landed his gig with Fletcher Henderson's orchestra in 1924; he lasted
fourteen months
When the Swing Era began, in 1935, Louis Armstrong
fronted his own big band and made dozens of hit records.
The singing in "The Buzzard Lope" is accompanied by
hand claps and foot stomps.
Coleman Hawkins especially excelled at
harmonic improvisation
The style of improvisation used in this excerpt of "Body and Soul" is
harmonic improvisation
Although this a performance of a well-known popular song ("Over the Rainbow"), it can be difficult to recognize the song because the pianist uses
harmonic substitutions
Art Tatum's virtuosity was remarkable, considering that
he was blind
Louis Armstrong grew up in
in a poor neighborhood in New Orleans.
John Philip Sousa
invented the sousaphone and composed many composed many marches, including "The Stars and Stripes Forever" only.
The form of "Blue Lou"
is 32-bar popular song (AABA).
Bessie Smith
made nearly two hundred recordings and starred in the short film St. Louis Blues only.
The trumpet player in "Black and Tan Fantasy" achieves unusual sounds by
manipulating a plunger mute over his pixie mute and growling into his horn only.
The form of "Down Home Rag" is
march/ragtime form.
Louis Armstrong influenced jazz musicians by
performing with a rhythmic energy that was quickly imitated.
African American music is characterized by
polyrhythm, call and response, blues notes
The combination of the singing and the accompaniment in "The Buzzard Lope" creates
polyrhythm.
Jazz nightlife was affected by the passage of the 18th Amendment to the Constitution, which
prohibied the sale and manufacture of alcohol.
Jazz was transformed by the follwing technological advancements, new in the 1920s:
radio, electrical recording, and movies with synchronized sound.
In addition to its use in marches, "march form" was widely used in the following genre:
ragtime
Listening Example 3: "Down Home Rag" TimingL 0:03-0:44 - A A BB' A strains "Down Home Rag" is
ragtime
Bix Beiderbecke belongs to the first generation to learn jazz from
recordings.
Which section plays in the background during the clarinet solo at the end of this except of "King Porter Stomp"?
rhythm and brass section
The piano solo in this excerpt of "One O'Clock Jump" notable for its
simplicity
Fletcher Henderson's arrangements relied heavily on
simply riffs and call and response patterns.
Which of the following describes the groove of this performance of "Star Dust"?
slow ballad
A composed "solo" played by an entire section in block-chord texture is called a
soli
In this section of "Blue Lou," the saxophones are playing a
soli
Which of the following styles would most likely be heard at a Harlem rent party?
stride piano
The bandleader and composer Duke Ellington was also a
stride piano player.
This excerpt of "You've Got to Be Modernistic" presents an excellent example of
stride style
Of all the instruments in the rhythm section, this one was slowest to reach artistic maturity:
string bass
In addition to the piano, the rhythm section of Count Basie's band and includes
string bass, acoustic guitar, and drums
In its rhythmic intensity, this excerpt of "Swing to Bop" shows the evolution from
swing to bebop
Listening Example 1: "The Buzzard Lope" Timing 0:28-0:46 - eight measures of 4/4 "The Buzzard Lope" features
syncopation
The saxophone soloist's style in this excerpt of "Oh! Lady Be Good" is distinguished by his
syncopation and unpredictable rhythm only
At the end of this excerpt of "Over the Rainbow", the pianist increases the
tempo
Coleman Hawkins was a pioneer on the _____ saxophone
tenor
Coleman Hawkins was an influential soloist on the
tenor sax.
The two emphatic beats played by the trumpets in this excerpt of "Changes" are an excellent example of
the "Charleston" beat.
Among the African American dances that shocked and invigorated the country in the early twentieth century was
the Charleston.
A piece like "Black and Tan Fantasy" was written to be performed at
the Cotton Club.
Duke Ellington's career had a big break when he got a recurring headlining gig at
the Cotton Club.
Rhapsody in Blue's premiere, in 1924, featured
the Paul Whiteman Orchestra
The blues has ____-line stanzas.
three
The trumper section in this recording of "Conga Brava" makes prominent use of
timbre variation
Which instrument did Glenn Miller play?
trombone
Which of the following instruments constitute the frontline of a New Orleans jazz band?
trumpet (or cornet), trombone, and clarinet
How many strains do you hear performed in this excerpt of "Weather Bird"?
two
The wind/brass instruments in this recording of "Snake Rag" are
two trumpets (cornets), trombone, and clarinet.
Another impact Armstrong had on jazz came from his
use of nonsense, or "scat" syllables in his singing.
The minstrel show
was established as early as the 1840s. featured performers in blackface makeup and reinforced many degrading stereotypes of African Americans only.
King Oliver's Jazz Band
was known for its use of polyphonic collective improvisation.
A 1941 recording featuring Charlie Christian and Kenny Clarke is striking in that it
was recorded live at a jam session
Collective improvisation is
when several instruments improvise their parts simultaneously and a defining characteristic New Orleans jazz only.
The Original Dixieland Jazz Band Band was a _____ band.
white
What is unusual about this excerpt of "Swing to Bop"?
The guitarist's innovative polyrhythmic phrases
What is an apreggio?
The notes of a chord played successively
Programmatic music
attempts to describe specific people, places, or events.
During the Swing Era, new musical influences came into jazz from the
the Southwest: Missouri, Oklahoma, Texas
Behind the soloist at the beginning of "Singin' the Blues," you can hear
the guitar playing countermelodies
The invention of _____ helped the record industry to recover in the mid-1930s.
the jukebox
The piano style in "You've Got to Be Modernistic" is defined by
the left hand (alternating bass notes and chords).
In twelve-bar blues form,
the overall chord progression is always the same and each twelve-bar cycle is called a chorus only.
Jo Jone's great innovation was that he transferred the beat from
the snare and bass drums to the high-hat cymbal
Tremolo is
the speedy alternation of two or more notes.
This excerpt of "You've Got to Be Modernistic" features the use of
the whole-tone scale.
The Hot Five and Hot Seven recordings are influential because
they feautre soloists and highlight individual expression.
In the latter part of this excerpt of "West End Blues," the trumpet is joined by the following wind instruments:
trombone and clarinet.
Swing bands featured orchestras with sections of trumpets, saxophones, and
trombones.
The drummer in this excerpt from "Star Dust"
uses brushes to emphasize the backbeat.
Country blues were
usually accompanied by guitar
The instrument playing a solo at the beginning of this recording of "Conga Brava" is a
valve trombone.
Jelly Roll Morton
was a Creole musician and led the Red Hot Peppers only.
Louis Armstrong's All Stars
was a New Orleans band that Armstrong played with and led for the last twenty-five years of his life.
Duke Ellington
was a master of orchestration (combining the sounds of different instruments) and wrote not just for instruments, but for specific musicians in his band only
John Hammond
was a non musician who promoted jazz and championed black musicians in the recording studio.
Which famous drummer was featured in Benny Goodman's big band?
Gene Krupa
The texture of this excerpt from "Star Dust" is
homophonic.
Although its nightclub entertainment showcased the finest in Harlem jazz, the Cotton Club
refused to admit black patrons.
The type of polyrhythm featured at the beginning of this excerpt of "Down Home Rag" is called
secondary ragtime.
Walter Page's bass lines were
simple and metronomically reliable.
The underlying piano style in this recording of "Over the Rainbow" is
stride
The player piano was especially useful for disseminating the following jazz style:
stride piano
Sidney Bechet
was the first great jazz soloist on saxophone.
_____ was one of Artie Shaw's biggest hits.
"Begin the Benguine"
Coleman Hawkin's most famous recording - the 1939 _____ - was a pinnacle in jazz improvisation and a tremendoues commercial success
"Body and Soul"
Scott Joplin's most famous composition is
"The Maple Leaf Rag"
Duke Ellington's trombonists included
"Tricky Sam" Nanton, Lawrence Brown, and Juan Tizol.
The form of "Dead Man Blues" is
12-bar blues.
When Louisiana and other southern states adopted the so-called Jim Crow laws, the special privileges of the Creoles ended in the year
1894.
The _____. more than any other decade, were dominated by big band music.
1930s
The song form used in this excerpt of "Changes" is
32-bar pop song form.
The Harlem Renaissance celebrated jazz musicians and bandleaders alongside its poets, painters, and playwrights.
False
Before 1899, New Orleans was owned by
France and Spain.
Lester Young was influenced by the lighter, vibratoless sound of which earlier saxophonist:
Frank Trumbauer
Who is the featured soloist at the beginning of "Singin' the Blues"?
Frank Trumbauer
Which of the following changes occurred in the rhythm section during the 1930s?
The string bass replaced the tuba and the guitar replaced the banjo.
What was novel about "Singin' the Blues" when it was first recorded?
The tempo and feeling of the performance are those of a ballad.
Which of following is/are true of Wilbur Sweatman?
ALL OF THESE: He was known for playing three clarinets simultaneously; his career spanned the transition to the sale of recordings over sheet music; his spontaneous musical embellishments hinted at a new era of bluesy improvisation.
What did Louis Armstrong learn through his gig on the Mississippi riverboats?
ALL THESE He improved his ability to read music; he learned to adapt New Orleans - style improvisation to written arrangements; he learned songs outside the New Orleans repertory.
Who of the following was a string bassist?
ALL THESE John Kirby, Stan Stewart, and Mint Hinton
Where else could one enjoy Swing Era soloists outside of their usual role on the big band?
ALL THESE in informal after-hour jam sessions; in pit bands and even radio and movie studios; in small groups formed by the bandleader
Jimmy Blanton
ALL THESE used chord substitutions, was a featured in Duke Ellington compositions, and recorded bass solos that departed from the walking bass in favor of freely improvised melody
In her later career, Mary Lou Williams
ALL THESE was a devoted teacher of jazz history; was a leader in the bebop (modern jazz) movement; and became increasingly active as a composer
A "head arrangement"
ALL THESE was not written down; was created by the entire band; and involved harmonizing block-chord riffs.
Among Ellington's stylistic accomplishments is/are:
ALL THESE: He proved that jazz writing could be applied pop songs; he expanded the influence of stride piano on jazz; he demonstrated the potential of the big band beyond the developments of Whiteman and Henderson.
At the turn of the century, the term "ragtime" referred to
ALL THESE: a piano style, a type of song, a syncopated dance.
Which of the following are hear in this recording of "Changes"?
ALL THESE: brass, strings, and saxophones.
In the 1920s, Paul Whiteman's band included
ALL THESE: brass, strings, saxophones
Joe "King" Oliver
ALL THESE: played cornet, was Louis Armstrong's mentor, and moved his band from New Orleans to Chicago.
On this recording of "Snake Rag," the trombone
ALL THESE: plays a number of prominent of glissandos; is played by Honore Dutrey; and performs during the collective improvisation.
Which of the following contributed to New Orleans being the ideal place for jazz to be cultivated?
ALL THESE: the two cultures of "creoles of color" and uptown negroes" led to a blending of musical style that influenced jazz; it was a port town, so many different kinds of people from different cultures mingled together; Africans were allowed to retain more of their own languages, beliefs, and customs that elsewhere in the South.
Which of the following bands began as a terroritory band in the Southwest?
Andy Kirk and his Twelve Clouds of Joy
This San Francisco bandleader was not famous, but he established the saxophone section as part of a jazz ensemble:
Art Hickman
Listening Example 3: "Over the Rainbow" Timing: 2:56-3:43 The pianist in this recording of "Over the Rainbow" is
Art Tatum
This stride pianist was so innovative with complex chromatic harmony and chord substitutions that modern musicians like Charlie Parker and Charles Mingus listed him as an influence:
Art Tatum
What brilliant stride virtuoso was once introduced by Fats Waller with the phrase: "Ladies and gentlemen, I play piano, but God is in the house tonight!"?
Art Tatum
Listening Example 3: "Star Dust" Timing: 1:40-2:22 Which clarinetist performs performs on this recording of "Star Dust"?
Artie Shaw
Which white swing clarinetist and bandleader, who spent as much of his early career as he could in Harlem, once said, "I was actually leading the life of a Negro musician"?
Artie Shaw
What bandleader's appearance at Carnegie Hall in 1938 helped to cement the respectability of jazz in America?
Benny Goodman
Among the jazz soloists added to the Paul Whiteman Band in the mid-1920s was/were
Bix Beiderbecke
Listening Example 2: "Weather Bird" Timing: 1:42-2:18 - twice through strain C The pianist in this recording of "Weather Bird" is
Earl Hines.
"Race records" were records kept by the census designed to prevent African Americans from voting in the South.
False
Listening Example 1: "Dead Man Blues" Timing: 0:32-1:05 The leader of the band on this recording of "Dead Man Blues" is
Jelly Roll Morton
What musician led a band that embodied the best in middle-class black dignity, with clever arrangements of "Put On Your Old Grey Bonnet" and "Organ Grinder's Swing"?
Jimmie Lunceford
This soloist, who pioneered the idea of "cool," once expressed this aesthetic by saying: "I'm looking for something soft. I can't stand that loud noise. It's got to be sweetness, you dig? Sweetness can be funky, filthy, or anything."
Lester Young
The pianist on this recording of "Snake Rage is the only musician in this band not from New Orleans:
Lil Hardin
Accompanying Louis Armstrong on the original Hot Five recordings were
Lil Hardin, Kid Ory, Johnny St. Cyr, and Johnny Dodds.
Although originally a drummer, ______ played vibraphone in the Benny Goodman Quartet.
Lionel Hampton
The popular appeal of Benny Goodman's Trio and Quartet had a good deal to do with the extroverted energy of
Lionel Hampton and Gene Krupa
Among the musicians hired by Fletcher Henderson in the 1920s was
Louis Armstrong
As a vocalist, Billie Holiday was strongly influenced by
Louis Armstrong
Bing Crosby's vocal style was inspired by
Louis Armstrong
Listening Example 1: "West End Blues" Timing: 0:00-0:50 The trumpet player in this recording of "West End Blues" is
Louis Armstrong
The trumpet player in this recording of "Weather Bird" is
Louis Armstrong.
Bill Challis was the noted 1920s arranger for the band of
Paul Whiteman
Listening Example 1: "Changes" Timing: 0:47-1:45 (interlude and Verse 1 and Song) The jazz orchestra in this recording of "Changes" is led by
Paul Whiteman
During the trio section of a piece, New Orleans bands often switched from collective improvisation to block-chord texture.
True
Storyville was
a district of legalized prostitution.
The main melodic material in this excerpt of "Blue Lou" is
a two-note riff in the saxophones, answered by the trumpets.
The bassist in this excerpt of "Oh! Lady Be Good" plays
a walking bass line and four even beats to the bar only
Bix Beiderbecke was
a white cornet player from Iowa.
