Minority Groups Final
Which of the following is true of illegal immigrants in the United States
A majority of them pay taxes and do not claim benefits
Which of the following statements is true of Arab Americans?
Arab Americans are diverse in religious tradition.
________ refers to the practice of immigrants sponsoring other immigrants who, in turn, sponsor still more.
Chain immigration
________ refers to the efforts to ensure that hazardous substances are controlled so that all communities receive protection regardless of race or socioeconomic circumstance.
Environmental justice
____ are set apart from others because of their national origin or distinctive cultural patterns
Ethnic groups
Luca claims his ancestors came from the country that was the largest single source of White immigrants to the United States. His ancestors were most likely from ________.
Germany
Which of the following statements is true of immigration from Mexico?
Immigration from Mexico has been a continuous large-scale movement for most of the last hundred years.
An ordinary crime is defined as a(n) ________ when offenders are motivated to choose a victim because of some characteristic-for example, race, ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, or disability-and provide evidence that hatred prompted them to commit the crime.
Institutional discrimination
Which of the following is true of the Allotment Act of 1887?
It assumed the Native Americans would become homesteaders.
Which of the following accurately defines nativism?
It refers to beliefs and policies favoring native-born citizens over immigrants.
Which of the following statements best describes civil religion
It refers to the religious dimension that merges public life with sacred beliefs
What is the dry foot policy?
It refers to the rule that allows asylum to Cubans who reach the United States.
Which of the following statements is true of pan-Indianism
Its proponents see the tribes as captive members
When Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on a crowded bus to a White man, her defiance led to the organization of the
Montgomery Improvement Association
Which of the following statements is true of the portrayal of racial and ethnic minorities in television?
Racial and ethnic minorities are far underrepresented in key decision-making positions such as directors, producers, and casting agents.
Which of the following statements is true of wealth inequality?
The median wealth of White households is 13 times that of Black households.
Which of the following statements is true of the 1920s quota system for restricting immigration?
The system favored immigrants from Northern Europe
Which of the following statements is true of the Amish
They are an example of secessionist minorities
Which of the following statements is true on fish-ins
They brought increased public awareness of the deprivations of Native Americans
Which of the following treatments did the Polish Immigrants meet?
They were stigmatized as outsiders
Texas, California, and parts of Arizona and New Mexico were acquired by the United States as a result of the
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
The term Borderlands refers to the area of ________.
a common culture along the border between Mexico and the United States
The use of American Indian names as mascots for athletic teams is seen by the Native Americans as
a public insult
Recent research shows that differences in intelligence scores between Blacks and Whites are almost eliminated when ____
adjustments are made for social and economic characteristics
Which of the following terms refers to the positive effort to recruit minority group members or women for jobs, promotions, and educational opportunities?
affirmative action
The process by which a dominant group and a subordinate group combine through intermarriage to form a new group is known as
amaigamation
The first Africans in colonial America were indentured servants whose children were
born free people
Which of the following terms refers to the immigration to the United States of skilled workers, professionals, and technicians who are desperately needed by their home countries?
brain drain
A large, organized religion that is not officially linked with the state or government is know as
denomination
Reluctant liberals are those who
discriminate if there is social pressure to do so.
Redlining refers to the pattern of ________
discrimination against those trying to buy homes in racially changing localities
The Niagara Movement's legacy was
educating a new generation of African Americans in the politics of protest
When the Irish immigrated to America during the Potato Famine, they:
encountered an emerging nativism
The coach of a local basketball team remarked that Ming was quite tall for an Asian. This is an instance of _____
enthophaulism
The term _____ refers to the forced deportation of people, accompanied by systematic violence including death
ethnic cleansing
The tendency to assume that one's own culture and way of life represent the norm or are superior to all others is called
ethnocentrism
Which of the following approaches explains how racism can stigmatize a group as inferior so that the victimization of that group can be justified?
exploitation theory
The Irish immigrants who fled to the United States to escape the potato famine were more likely to consist of
families
The ________ refers to the White male advantage experienced in occupations dominated by women.
glass escalator
Which of the following would prevent women from laterally switching jobs within the same company?
glass walls
Jonathan is publicly attacked because of his sexual orientation. This is an example of a(n) ________.
hate crime
Unlike prejudice, discrimination ____
involves behavior that excludes members of a group from certain rights
People's opportunities to provide themselves with material goods, positive living conditions, and favorable living experiences are referred to as ________.
life chances
In the context of the Termination Act, the government orders on the Native Americans resulted in
major economic upheavel for the affected tribes
The act of conferring citizenship on a person after birth is called
naturalization
By the end of the nineteenth century, more and more immigrants to the United States were _____
neither English speaking or Protestant
Membership in a dominant or minority group is _____
not voluntary
Traditionally, Islam permitted men to have multiple wives ________
only if they could economically and emotionally support their wives
The development of solidarity between ethnic subgroups, is called
panethnicity
According to the spectrum of intergroup relations, the presence of transnationals is an example of
pluralism
____ is defined as a negative attitude toward an entire category of people
prejudice
The Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986
prohibited hiring illegal aliens.
The sociohistorical process by which racial categories are created, transformed, and destroyed is known as _______
racial formation
The term _____ is reserved for minorities and the corresponding majorities that are socially set apart because of obvious physical differences
racial group
When belief in inheritance of behavior patterns is couple with the feeling that certain groups are inherently superior to others, it is called
racism
People living outside their country of citizenship for fear of political or religious persecution are called
refugees
An immigrant group has access to better opportunities and comforts than it had in its home country. However, in comparison with dominant groups in its present country, it feels underprivileged. In this case, the immigrant group is experiencing ________.
relative deprivation
The fact that Italians often are characterized as criminal is an example of ________ toward White ethnics
respectable bigotry
The Bogardus scale was conceptualized to measure ____ empirically
social distance
The concept of race is ______
socially constructed
scapegoating theory says that prejudiced people believe they are
society's victims
Unreliable generalizations about all members of a group that do not recognize individual differences within the group is referred to as a(an)
stereotypes
Bing is of Chinese descent. When he first attended his high school in Sacramento, his classmates asked him if he knew Kung fu, the Chinese marital arts. They were surprised when Bing told them that he had no knowledge of Kung fu, Bing's classmates' notion of him represents ____
stereotyping
In sociology, minority refers to the _______ group
subordinate
Which of the following lays emphasis on ethnic food and ethnically associated political issues rather than deeper ties to one's heritage?
symbolic ethnicity
The relocation of all Eastern tribes across the Mississippi River that lasted more than a decade is called ________.
the Trail of Tears
Which of the following refers to the barrier that blocks the promotion of a qualified worker because of gender or minority membership?
the glass ceiling
What is the ethnic paradox?
the maintenance of one's ethnic ties in a way that can assist with one's assimilation in larger society
The quotas under the national origin system were based on
the number of people descended from each nationality recorded in the 1920 census
William Ryan's phrase blaming the victim refers to...
the portrayal of the problems of racial and ethnic minorities as their fault
According to which of the following, is there an increase in ethnic interest and awareness in the grandchildren of the original immigrants?
the principle of third generation interest
The lower-class Irish immigrants were referred to as
the shanty Irish
Marielitos refers to
the third wave refugees from Cuba
According to Merton's typology, a person who harbors prejudice but will not discriminate if discrimination cost money or reduces profits is called a(n) ____
timid bigot
The economic impact of immigration of unskilled workers
was a drop in wages due to an increase in the supply of labor
The fear or hatred of strangers or foreigners is known as ________.
xenophobia
