MOR340 Lesson 1.1 Cavity Embalming

22. What are the two periods during which cavity aspiration and injection can take place?

- immediately following arterial injection - several hours after arterial injection

7. List several conditions under which reaspiration would be strongly advised.

- obese decedent - ship out or ship in - if the trocar button is removed and noticeable gas is present - recent abdominal surgery - distention of veins in neck or back of hands (gas) - purge is present- death involved blood or abdominal cavity infection - COD was drowning - ascites

24. List some advantages of aspirating shortly after arterial injection.

- saves time - microbes are removed immediately- prevents microbial translocation to skeletal tissues - removal of gases and microbes can eliminate purge - removal of blood helps to prevent embalmer's grey from left over blood not removed during arterial injection - can decrease swelling in the head and neck

19. Using the four main trocar guides, which organ will you pierce if you move the trocar along a line from the left anterior-superior iliac spine and the right earlobe and depressing the point after you have passed through the diaphragm?

Heart

10. What are the two commonly-used types of instruments used to create a vacuum?

Hydroapspirator Electic aspiator

8. An instrument installed on a water line that uses water to create a vacuum for cavity aspiration is?

Hydroaspirator

16. According to the lesson, aspiration also creates more "surface area" within the thorax and abdomen. What is the significance of this?

It allows preservative fluid to infiltrate more of the internal space of the body

3. What is one occasion when cavity treatment is not employed?

1. Donation to medical school - obviously the cadaver would be of no use to medical students if the viscera have been destroyed by cavity treatment. 2. There are rare occasions when an autopsy will be done AFTER arterial embalming. In this case, cavity treatment would not be employed as destroying the viscera would essentially render an autopsy pointless.

17. List and number the areas of the abdomen using the 9-Region method (R to L and top to bottom).

1. Right Hypochondriac 2. Epigastric 3. Left Hypochondriac 4. Right Lumbar 5. Umbilical 6. Left Lumbar 7. Right inguinal 8. Hypogastric 9. Left inguinal

2. In relation to arterial embalming, when does cavity embalming occur?

After arterial embalming

5. Describe the type of purge that originates in the stomach.

Liquids, semisolids, dark brown "coffee ground' appearance; odor; acid pH

6. Purge that is frothy with possible red blood and very little odor would emanate from which source?

Lungs

12. Why is a complete disinfection/sterilization of the trocar important?

Because a bacterial spore from one body could infect another, especially in the case of clostridium perfringens, or tissue gas

15. This is the bony plate/bone through which the trocar is pushed to aspirate the cranial cavity.

Cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone

1. According to the text, what are the aspiration procedure and subsequent perfusion with cavity fluid designed to do?

Reach the substances and microbes found in the spaces within the thoracic, abdominal, pelvic, and sometimes cranial cavities that aren't reached by arterial injection

11. The term for a long hollow needle (metal tube) with a removable sharp point that is used to pierce the wall of the abdomen and internal organs for the purpose of removing the contents of the organs and fluid that has pooled in the cavities.

Trocar

9. What items are required to accomplish the process of aspiration?

Trocar Tubing Suction Device

20. Using the four main trocar guides, which organ will you pierce if you direct your trocar along the abdominal wall to the symphysis pubis, pull it back slightly and depress it while moving it forward?

Urinary bladder

25. According to the text and the lesson, what is the theory behind having a long delay prior to aspirating

a delay maintains the pressure in the arterial system and can help with distribution of arterial fluids throughout the body

23. According to the text, why is it wise to suture incisions after aspiration?

aspiration takes pressure off the vascular system and decreases the possibility of leakage from the incision site

28. According to the text, what is the suggested order of cavity treatment?

horacic cavity, abdominal cavity, pelvic cavity

18. Describe the dividing lines of the 4-region Plan.

horizontal line drawn from the left to right through the umbilicus vertical line drawn down the midline

29. Why is clear tubing helpful in the aspiration procedure?

so you can see the substance coming out of the body cavities

27. Why isn't the trocar inserted on the right side of the abdomen near the umbilicus?

the liver is there and can clog the trocar

26. Describe the standard point of trocar entry.

trocar entry. 2 inches to the right and two inches above the belly button

21. As a rule, cavity treatment follows arterial embalming. What is one exception to this rule?

when abdomen is distended with gas or edema, the pressure should be relieved

30. As a general rule, the text suggests keeping the trocar in constant motion. What is the exception?

when you hit a "pocket" of fluid, the trocar needs to stay in that spot and drain it.

13. What is the trocar guide for the stomach?

Direct the trocar point toward the intersection of the fifth intercostal space and the left axillary line

4. What is the trocar guide for the cecum?

Direct the trocar toward a point one-fourth of the distance from the right anterior-superior iliac spine to the pubic symphysis

14. Describe how a cavity fluid (gravity) injector is used.

Directly attached to a bottle of concentrated cavity fluid; hose connects trocar to injector; small opening on the side of the injector allows air to flow into the cavity fluid bottle that can be covered with a finger to control the flow of fluid