MUS 121
What is J.S. Bach's Coffee Cantata about?
A young girl who is addicted to coffee and her father who desperately tries to free her of this addiction.
What is opera buffa?
comic opera
With what impairment did Beethoven struggle for much of his life?
deafness
In response to his time in the United States, what did Antonín Dvořák nickname his ninth symphony?
from the new world
The term used to describe a central note, scale, or chord is
key
A written notation in music, used to help the performer identify if a piece is in major or minor, is called the
key signature
What do we call a melody with smooth and connected notes?
legato
A combination of notes that is considered unstable and tense is called a consonance. T/F
false
A musical composition cannot include both polyphonic and homophonic textures. (T/F)
false
Adding "issimo" to a dynamic indication, such as piano, means to change the dynamic to less than itself. (Piano means soft and pianissimo means less soft, forte means strong and fortissimo means less strong.) T/F
false
Beethoven's career can be divided into 3 periods, with the first period consisting of his time as a Romantic composer. (T/F)
false
Church doctrine during the Middle Ages encouraged celebrating life on earth and living it to its fullest. (T/F)
false
Comic opera is often called opera seria. (T/F)
false
Despite the popularity of Ludwig van Beethoven in the classical period, his influence was hardly felt in the romantic period (as musicians began to forget who he was). (T/F)
false
Medieval motets used sacred language rather than secular. (T/F)
false
Monophony uses a solo voice, it cannot occur simultaneously in multiple instruments (T/F)
false
Ternary form describes three-part music in which all three parts are completely different. (T/F)
false
The Classical Era refers to all music that we, in modern day, refer to as "classical music." (T/F)
false
The Ordinary of the Mass is the part that varies with each day. (T/F)
false
The Strophic song form uses new music for each verse of a song. (T/F)
false
The major scale has a number of lowered notes, which give it a "sadder" sound when compared with the minor scale. (T/F)
false
The organization of musical ideas in time.
form
What did Denis Diderot, with the help of other French philosophers, contribute to the belief in enlightenment and reason?
he compiled and wrote the first encyclopedia
A singer accompanying themself with chords on a guitar is performing which type of music?
homophony
What texture is most common in popular music
homophony
A composition that presents a musical idea in one voice then immediately presents it in a second voice is using a compositional technique called
imitation
A woman starts singing "Row, Row, Row Your Boat," and when she gets to the third word, a second woman starts singing the same song from the beginning. What is this called?
imitation
What do we call a piece of music for solo piano that reflects the peace and quiet of night time?
nocturne
When a second melodic line was added to Gregorian chant, the song was then referred to as _____.
organum
The motet uses what kind of texture?
polyphonic
The musical texture that is defined by independence and equality among multiple voices is
polyphony
Which of the following is not a dynamic indication?
presto
A musical form consisting of a beginning section, a contrasting middle section, and then a repeat of the beginning.
ternary
The opening rhythmic motif of Beethoven's 5th Symphony is often nicknamed what?
the fate motif
The most solemn service of the Catholic church, commemorating and reenacting the Last Supper, is called
the mass
P.I. Tchaikovsky is most famous for what work that he ironically also despised?
the nutcracker
The term "dynamics" refers to what aspect of music
the volume of music
An important and returning melody in a musical composition.
theme
Definite and steady vibrations create a
tone
A Salon during the Romantic period entailed a private gathering of citizens to discuss and present artistic works. (T/F)
true
A tone is a musical pitch. T/F
true
Binary form can incorporate any of these formations: AB, AABB, AAB, or ABB (T/F)
true
Comic opera is often called opera buffa. (T/F)
true
Consonant harmonies create a sense of purity and lack tension T/F
true
Dissonance adds variety and a sense of tension to be resolved within the music. T/F
true
Mozart was a master of all music genres in existence during his time. (T/F)
true
Mozart's Le nozze di Figaro (The Marriage of Figaro) is a comic opera. (T/F)
true
Music that is sung with no instrument accompaniment is called a capella. (T/F)
true
Pitch is determined by the frequency of its vibration: the faster the vibration, the higher the pitch. T/F
true
The sections of the Mass that contains texts that vary with the day of the church year are called the Proper. (T/F)
true
The third movement of Gustav Mahler's first symphony quotes the children's tune Frère Jacques (Brother John). (T/F)
true
When talking about a primary melodic line we can also the term
voice
Imagine you are listening to a choir perform renaissance music (don't ask why, just imagine it). When the choir sings "climb," the notes rise in pitch. When the choir sings "falls down the stairs," the notes descend in pitch. What musical concept have you just heard?
word painting
The term madrigalism was often synonymous with what other term?
word painting
What is a cantata?
An often dramatic musical work for solo voice or choir with instrumental accompaniment (like a small orchestra). Similar to an opera but shorter and has no costumes, stage props, or acting.
What is a trouser or pants role?
An operatic role in which a grown woman plays the character of a pre-pubescent boy.
During the romantic period, who was given the title Queen of the Piano?
Clara Schumann
Franz Joseph Haydn belonged to which musical period?
Classical
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart belonged to which musical period?
Classical
In the medieval period, it was common to hear secular music from troubadours, trouvères, and minnesingers. Who were these people?
Poet-musicians of France and Germany who created the first secular songs of which we have record. They're like the singer-songwriters of the medieval period.
Frederic Chopin was from _____. He loved his country and was incredibly nationalistic.
Poland
What is the form of the first movement of a classical symphony?
Sonata form
What do we call a multi-movement work where each movement is based on a particular popular dance? It is composed for a solo instrument and commonly found in the baroque period.
Suite
Which of the following best exemplifies the classical period's emphasis on clear and balanced artistic style?
The Death of Socrates, by Jacques-Louis David
Handel's Messiah focuses on what subject?
The life of Jesus from the Bible
Who was Hildegard of Bingen?
The main documented female composer of the medieval period.
What does the term a capella mean?
The music features singing with no instrumental accompaniment.
Ballad is most similar to which art song form?
Through-Composed
Cantatas can be sacred or secular. (T/F)
True
Later in the baroque, royals and other wealthy families hired orchestras to provide music. (T/F)
True
The title of Mozart's works are often followed by the letter "K" and a number (like K. 273). What does this number represent?
Where in Köchel's chronological listing the Mozart piece can be found.
Which choice does not correspond to the aesthetics of Romanticism?
absolute music
Franz Schubert's greatest compositional output was in the genre of the _____.
art song
What do we call a song in which a poem is set to music and is designed to be performed by one singer and one pianist? These songs were most popular during the romantic period.
art song
If melody is the horizontal aspect of music, what is the vertical?
harmony
When discussing the speed of a piece of music, you are discussing the _____.
tempo
The French Revolution, a political upheaval with massive and long reaching consequences, began in what year?
1789
According to our lecture on the Classical period, what is the respective number of movements within a String Quartet, Solo Concerto, and Sonata?
4,3,3-4
Beethoven wrote how many symphonies?
9
Schubert's Der Erlkönig (The Elf King) follows which of the following plots?
A father and son ride on horseback through the woods. The boy screams that the Elf King is after him (though the father dismisses it as a shadow or the wind). The Elf King comes into contact with the boy and when they arrive home, the boy is dead.
Which of the following is not a difference between a major and a minor scale?
A major scale is considered to be tonal, whereas a minor scale is not.
What is word painting?
A musical concept in which melodies depict specific words that are sung (like notes going higher in pitch on the word "ascend").
Which characteristics correctly define the "Ars Antiqua" style of music A.Leonin and Perotin were critical composers of it B.Homophonic musical textures were prevalent C.Occurred during the 12th-14th century D.Was driven by the Pontifical Institute of Sacred Music E.Compelled the creation of mensural notation
A. Leonin and Perotin were critical composers of it C. Occurred during the 12th-14th century E.Compelled the creation of mensural notation
Check all musical characteristics that correctly define early Gregorian Chant? A.Monophonic texture B.Text varies according to vernacular C.Modal ambiguity rather than major/minor D.Melody is determined by inflection of the text E.Rhythm is regular and defined
A. Monophonic texture C. Modal ambiguity rather than major/minor D. Melody is determined by inflection of the text
Which of these statements is true? A.By the end of the baroque era, instrumental music had gradually equaled or surpassed vocal music in popularity. B.By the end of the baroque era, dance music had surpassed sacred music in popularity. C.At the beginning of the baroque era, J. S. Bach established the French overture. D.During the baroque era, the madrigal emerged as a prominent vocal form.
A.By the end of the baroque era, instrumental music had gradually equaled or surpassed vocal music in popularity.
Which statement regarding the movements of J.S. Bach's Baroque dance suite is incorrect? A.The Sarabande, a slow dance in three, was sexual in nature and originated in France B.The Allemande, a serious Germanic dance in four, includes small detailed motions and symmetrical movements between partners that were eventually carried over to square dancing. C.The Menuet, a quicker dance in three, was French and more "social" in the interactions between dancers. D.The Gigue, an Irish dance, was a fast dance in two and concluded the suite.
A.The Sarabande, a slow dance in three, was sexual in nature and originated in France
Which events (2) of the classical era best reflect its leanings toward reason and enlightenment? A.The writing of the first encyclopedia B.The growing belief in human control over a rational universe C.The French Revolution D.The rise of the upper class
A.The writing of the first encyclopedia B.The growing belief in human control over a rational universe
Which of the following correctly orders tempi moving from fastest to slowest?
Allegro, Moderato, Andante
Johann Sebastian Bach lived during what musical period?
Baroque
Few romantic composers could escape the influence of ______ symphonies.
Beethoven's
What key was historically assumed to have a warm and lush quality?
E-flat major
What section of a fugue begins immediately after the exposition?
Episode
_____ are study pieces that are designed to help musicians get better at a specific technique related to their instrument.
Etudes
Absolute music tells a story or seeks to portray a tangible picture. (T/F)
False
The countersubject of a fugue appears only at the very end of the piece. (T/F)
False
The exposition in a fugue includes the first statement of the subject only. (T/F)
False
Which of the following is NOT one of the dances commonly present in a baroque suite?
Fantasia
The organic "spinning out" of a musical work based on the first few notes played is called what?
Fortspinnung
A _____ is a musical work where the main melody (the subject) is developed polyphonically. After the initial melody is heard, that same melody enters a few seconds later but at a different note-level. This process continues until all layers of melodies have entered and a complicated web of sound has been created.
Fugue
Who started the trend of turning the piano sideways in concerts to allow the audience to better see the hands of the pianist while also hearing the intricate sounds produced by the instrument?
Franz Liszt
This medieval period composer was an advocate of the ars nova (which brought great change to music). He was a well-educated poet-musician. Because of his preservation of music manuscripts (mainly by gifting them to patrons), his music was preserved. This helped push the music scene forward into the next musical period. Who was this composer?
Guillaume de Machaut
What famous work influenced Franz Joseph Haydn so much that it led to his creating the oratorio The Creation?
Handel's Messiah (specifically, the "Hallelujah" Chorus)
In 1802, Beethoven wrote a letter in which he poured out his heart and revealed his struggles, inner turmoil, and thoughts of suicide. This letter, though, also included his drive to fight through his struggles and succeed. Which letter is this?
Heiligenstadt Testament
The text to Schubert's Der Erlkönig (The Elf King) was based on a poem by whom?
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
Which philosopher does not belong to the Age of Enlightenment and its emphasis on human truth as being rational?
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
In German, art songs are referred to as _____.
Lieder
Who created the libretto for three of Mozart's most famous operas: Le nozze di Figaro (The Marriage of Figaro), Don Giovanni (Don Juan), and Cosi fan tutte (All Women Are Like That)?
Lorenzo da Ponte
To which composer do we often look as helping move the musical world from the classical period into the romantic period?
Ludwig van Bethoven
Which musical period took place from 450-1450?
Medieval
Which statement best defines music? A. Music is an art based on the organization of sounds in time. B.Music is an art based on the science of acoustics. C. Music is the combination of melody and rhythm. D. Music is the combination of melody, harmony, and rhythm.
Music is an art based on the organization of sounds in time.
What is improvisation as it relates to music?
Music that is created by the performer during the moment of performance.
George Frederic Handel's Messiah is a/an_____.
Oratorio
1450-1600 marks the years of which musical period?
Renisance
Which description correctly describes the contrast between an "A" theme and "B" theme in the exposition of Sonata Form?
The "A" theme is generally more energetic, the "B" theme is more lyric.
King Louis XVI banned the play-version of what Mozart opera before his execution by Guillotine?
The Marriage of Figaro
Which painting best represents the Baroque era aesthetic?
The Martyrdom of Saint Ursula by Caravaggio
In music, what do we call the pulse in a musical work?
beat
A musical form consisting of two contrasting sections.
binary
In the exposition of the sonata form, what serves the function of modulating to a new key?
bridge
Which of these scales do composers use to create dissonance for special, dramatic effects?
chromatic
What section follows the exposition?
development
What term does "crescendo" reference to
dynamics that gradually get louder
What does the term "decrescendo" reference?
dynamics that gradually get quieter
A secular vocal genre containing a short poem set in the vernacular, this type of music was for multiple voices, found during the renaissance period, and used word painting so frequently that the genre's title became synonymous with the word painting technique. What is this describing?
mandrigal
A toccata keyboard piece is characterized by
many scale passages, rapid runs and trills, and massive chords.
Mezzo forte means
medium loud
Which term describes a series of notes that add up to a recognizable whole?
melody
The shift from one key to another within a composition is called
modulation
If your entire class sings the melody to "Sweet Home Alabama" simultaneously and does not add harmony, the class has created _____.
monophony
In a piece of music, if there is one melody, no accompanying sound, no harmony, and no chords, that piece of music can be described using what term?
monophony
What does Gustav Mahler musically quote throughout his first symphony?
songs
If the notes of a melody are short, disconnected, and jumpy, those notes are _____.
stacatto
The main melody of a fugue is called the
subject
