Muscles of Respiration
Linea Semilunaris
2 layers from rectus sheath join to form a vertical line of aponeurosis
Levator Costarum Brevis
Considered thoracic muscles; contribute to the elevation of the rib cage; muscle of inspiration
Transversus Abdominis
Deepest layer of the anterior abdominal muscles; muscle of expiration
Quadratus Lumborum
Located on the dorsal (back) portion of the abdominal wall; muscle of expiration
Rectus Abdominis
Midline muscles on sides of linea alba made up of 3 fibrous bands that cross stomach; muscle of expiration
External Abdominal Oblique
Most superficial and largest of this group of abdominal muscles; muscle of expiration
Scalenes
Muscles of the neck which provide stability for the head and assist in facilitating rotation; includes anterior, medial, and posterior; muscle of inspiration
Subcostals
Origin - inner thorax; inner surface of rib near angle Insertion - inner surface of 2nd or 3rd rib below Action - depresses thorax
Transverse Thoracis
Origin - lower third of sternum at inner surface Insertion - constal cartilage at ribs 2-6 Action - pulls ribs down and inward
Internal Intercostals
Origin - ribs 1-11 Insertion - superior surface of rib below Action - depresses ribs 1-11
Serratus Posterior Superior
Origin - spinous process of C7 and T1-T3 Insertion - ribs 2-5 Action - elevates ribs 2-5 specifically
Serratus Posterior Inferior
Origin - spinous processes of T11-T12 and L1-L3 Insertion - lower margin of ribs 7-12 Action - muscles pull the rib cage down
Diaphragm
primary muscle of inspiration; separates the abdominal and thoracic cavities; central tendon, muscle of inspiration
Pectoralis Minor
Lies under pectoralis major; muscle of inspiration
Pectoralis Major
Large fan-shaped muscle that originates from 2 heads; muscle of inspiration
Serratus Anterior
Similar to serrated knife; muscle of inspiration
External Intercostals
Accessory muscles of inspiration that contribute to forced inspiration; significant muscles for speech; assist in respiratory capacity and unique speech functions; muscle of inspiration
Trapezius
Broad muscle of upper back; muscle of inspiration
Levator Costarum Longis
Considered thoracic muscles that contribute to the elevation of the rib cage; muscle of inspiration
Rectus Sheath
Continuous layer of connective tissue from the linea alba to the external oblique muscles; splits into 2 layers at the linea alba to cover the abdominal muscles
Subclavius
Courses under the clavicle; muscle of inspiration
Internal Abdominal Oblique
Found between external and transverse oblique; muscle of expiration
Rhomboideus Major
Includes major and minor; lie deep to the trapezius; muscle of inspiration
Rhomboideus Minor
Includes major and minor; lie deep to the trapezius; muscle of inspiration
Latissimus Dorsi
Primarily responsible for other functions such as moving arm, pulling shoulder; muscle of inspiration and muscle of expiration
Levator Scapulae
Provides neck support and helps to elevate the scapula; muscle of inspiration
Sternocleidomastoid
Provides stability and control for neck flexion and extension in addition to assisting in respiration; muscle of inspiration
Inguinal Ligament
Thickened strand of aponeurosis running from anterior-posterior iliac spine to pubic symphysis
Line Alba
White line that runs from xiphoid process to the pubic symphysis; forms a midline structure for muscle attachment