Nutrition- CH 3 & 4

T/F The sides of the tongue have taste buds that are only able to detect sweet-tasting items

false

T/F Traditional cultural/ethic diets are often based on dishes containing large amounts of animal foods and small amounts of locally grown fruits, veggies, and unrefined grains.

false

T/F a healthy person has vast numbers of different kinds of bacteria living in their small intestine

false

The presence of _____ stimulates a reflex that facilitates the elimination of solid wastes from the body

feces in the rectum

A person experiencing constipation should consider adding more _____ to their diet.

fiber

Rate of intake of Americans aged 2 yrs or older- DO NOT REACH

fruit intake, veggies and fat-free or low-fat milk intake

Which of the following claims would the FDA be allowed to use

" while many factors contribute to the development of heart disease, diets low in saturated fat and trans fat may reduce the risk of this disease."

Portions: dairy

1 cup plain yogurt, 1.5 oz natural cheese

Portions: Veggies

1 cup raw veggies, 2 cups uncooked leafy greens

Portions: Protein

1 egg, 1 tbsp PB, 1/4 cup tofu

Portions: Grain

1 slice of bread, 1/2 cup cooked pasta

Portions: Fruit

1/2 cup dried fruit

19-30 daily recommended intake level-fruit

2 cups

the food item is considered "high" if the % DV is above

20

DV for sodium

2300 mg

19-30 daily recommended intake level-dairy

3 cups

19-30 daily recommended intake level-veggies

3 cups

The established DV for total fat is based on the recommendation that total fat be no more than _____ % of total kcals

35

T/F The food label provides the # of calories from protein and carbs

False

Which of the following microbes is associated with the development of most stomach ulcers?

H. pylori

The treatment of ____ is likely to involve an elimination diet

IBS

T/F Some people, such as those who work out strenuously, need more protein than the RDA

True

Organic refers to certain agricultural methods that can produce sustainability. If you are eating a certified 100% organic food, you can be confident that it has not been exposed to...

antibiotics & hormones, synthetic fertilizers & pesticides, genetic modification, and ionizing radiation

Serving sizes are listen in...

both household units and metric units

primary function of digestive system

breakdown of food into nutrients

In simple terms, sucrase...

breaks sucrose into glucose and fructose

How does sucrose change the shape of sucrase?

by binding to the active site of the enzyme

primary function cardiovascular system

circulation of blood throughout the body

Chyme moves from the stomach into the...

duodenum

When using the MyPlate website's Daily checklist to plan your meals, it is not necessary to provide info about your

ethnic background, occupation

T/F A food manufacture can use the USDA's organic symbol on a food if the food contains at least 70% organic ingredients

false

T/F According to the FDA, a food's label can include the "high fiber" nutrient content claim if the food provides 3 grams or more fiber per serving.

false

T/F Fruit juices provide more fiber than whole fruit

false

T/F Many people who have diabetes us e MyPlate instead of carb counting to manage their macronutrient intakes.

false

The tolerable upper limit for a nutrient is the

highest average amount that is unlikely to harm most people when consumed daily

What is true about MyPlate?

it shapes the key recommendations of the dietary guidelines into an accessible visual

What happens to your upper limit recommendation for cholesterol when you eat more calories?

it stays the same

which of the following foods is a rich source of prebiotics?

legumes

order of most acidic to most basic

lemon juice, tomatoes, milk, baking soda

According to the 2015-2020 version of the dietary guidelines for Americans, adults should limit their intake of added sugars to

less than 10% of daily calories

What organ produces bile?

liver

How often can a sucrase enzyme be used to hydrolyze sucrose?

many times

Rate of intake of Americans aged 2 yrs or older- EXCEED

meat intake, added sugar, solid fat, and sodium

The process of digesting food begins with the

mouth

order of digestive system

mouth and salivary glands, stomach, small intestines, colon, rectum

Convert protein grams to protein calories

multiply by 4

Which of the following physiological changes is a result of catabolic chemical reactions?

muscle loss that normally occurs in older adults

Where is sucrase found in the body?

on the microvilli of small intestines

Which of the following organs produces and secretes enzymes that are essential for proper digestion?

pancreas

Accessory organs of the digestive system

pancreas, tongue and liver

The calories listed on the Nutrition Facts Panel indicates the # of calories..

per serving

Involuntary muscle contractions that move swallowed material through the gastrointestinal tract are called

peristalsis

Which of the following food components does NOT have a % DV displayed in the nutrition facts panel?

protein

Sunflower and other seeds are in what food group

protein rich foods

Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)

recommendations for average daily amounts of essential nutrients that healthy population groups should consume over time >EX: non-preggo females from 14-18 are advised to have 65 mg of V-C per day

Some food guides classify dried beans and peas with

seeds and nuts

Most nutrient absorption occurs in the

small intestine

Hydrochloric acid is secreted in the

stomach

Which of the following topics is one of the overarching guidelines of the 2015-2020 version of the dietary guidelines?

support healthy eating habits for all, follow a healthy eating pattern across the lifespan

Adequate Intake (AI)

the average daily amount of a nutrient that appears sufficient to maintain a specified criterion; a value used as a guide for nutrient intake when an RDA cannot be determined >EX: females over 19 yrs are advised ti have 90 micrograms of V-K, appears to maintain good health but no definitive recommendation

Estimated Energy Requirement (EER)

the average dietary energy intake that maintains energy balance and good health in a person of a given age, gender, weight, height, and level of physical activity >EX: average caloric intake for a male from 9-13 yrs old is estimated to be 2279 kcals

Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)

the maximum daily amount of a nutrient that appears safe for most healthy people and beyond which there is an increased risk of adverse health effects >EX: Adults are advised not to exceed 1000 micrograms of folate per day due to concern that higher amounts could mask V B12 deficiency

The % DV is the percentage of...

the recommended daily amount of a particular nutrient in one serving of a food

If the stomach is so acidic, why doesn't the acid damage the muscular walls of the stomach?

the stomach is lined with a layer of mucus that protects it

These stimulate the secretion of HCl in the stomach

the taste of food, the smell of food and the distension of the stomach as it fills with food

According to the 2015-2020 version of the dietary guidelines, _______ should be consumed in amounts that are as low as possible.

trans fat

T/F A doctor would recommend avoiding alcohol if a person has a peptic ulcer

true

T/F A food cannot be labeled "organic" unless it meets certain government standards.

true

T/F In general, organically grown crops contain fewer pesticides than conventionally grown crops.

true

T/F MyPlate can be individualized to meet a person's food preferences

true

T/F Older adults generally have fewer taste buds than children

true

In general, food guides do not group _________ with dairy foods.

unsalted butter, eggs, cream cheese

primary causes of peptic ulcers

using high amounts of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) Ex: aspirin, smoking cigarettes, having a stomach that is infected with the acid-resistant bacteria H. pylori

Which of the following nutrients are produced by bacteria that live in the large intestines?

vitamin K & B12 and biotin

What is associated with high risk dehydration

vomiting and diarrhea

Which of the following physiological changes is a result of anabolic chemical reactions?

Addition of calcium and phosphorus to the thigh bone of a growing child

Order of digestive organs

Stomach, pyloric sphincter, duodenum, jejunum, ileum

Portion Comparison

4 dice=1 oz of cheese tennis ball=1 med apple bar of soap=3 oz chicken breast small yo-yo=1 standard bagel

In general, a food item is considered low calorie if it has less than ______ calories per serving.

40

19-30 daily recommended intake level-grains

8 oz

T/F People who have IBS are more likely to develop colorectal cancer than people who do not have the syndrome.

false

T/F Peristalsis occurs when villi absorb fat

false

Food guides may classify ______ with oils

green olives, fatty fish, avacodos

T/F The MyPlate icon does not identify specific foods that should be chosen from each food group

true

T/F The adult AMDR for carbs is 45 to 65% of total energy intake

true

T/F The energy and nutrient contents of foods used in dietary analysis software are not necessarily exact values

true

T/F The original version of the Nutrition Facts panel must include info about the amount of added sugars in a serving of food.

true

T/F The pyloric sphincter controls the rate at which chyme enters the small intestine

true

T/F blood has a higher pH than pure water

true

T/F soft drinks are empty calories

true