Nutrition: Diet and Balance
energy dense (low to high)
lettuce, beans, bagels, butter
biochemical (nutritional assessment technique in alcohol abuse)
low amounts of the vitamin thiamin and folate in the blood
anthropometric (nutritional assessment technique in alcohol abuse)
low weight-for-height recent 10 pound weight loss, muscle wasting in upper body
Upper Limit (UL)
max intake of a particular nutrient that is safely tolerated
background information used in evaluating nutritional status includes
medical history, family health history, level of education, economic status, list of medications taken
RDA
nutrient intake recommendation set to meet the needs of nearly all individuals of a given age and gender
first step in scientific method
observation of a natural phenomenon
optional on the Nutrition Facts panel of a food label
polyunsaturated fat, potassium, monounsaturated fat
moderation includes
portion size and dosage
over nutrition may result from
prolonged consumption of mega dose of vitamins or minerals
clinical (nutritional assessment technique in alcohol abuse)
psychological confusion, facial sores, and uncoordinated movement
heart attack
rapid fall in heart function caused by reduced blood flow through the heart's blood vessels
3 oz
size and thickness of palm
MUST appear on Nutrition Facts food labels
sugar, fiber, and total calories
Portion Rankings (large to small)
Plant foods, it and seafood, cheese and yogurt, meats and sweets
the credential that flags a health professional as the most accurate and reliable source of up-to-date nutrition advice
RD
Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DHSEA) of 1994:
1) classifies vitamins, minerals, amino acids and herbal medicines as foods 2) outlines that FDA must prove the product is unsafe before preventing its sale 3) restrains FDA from regulation vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and herbal medicines as drugs and food additives
Dietary supplements or herbal products can be marketed in the United States under DSHEA without FDA's approval if
1) the product is labeled as a dietary supplement bearing the supplemental facts panel 2) it is expected to be reasonably safe when used under conditions recommended
in 1994, congress passed the ______, a law that classified vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and botanicals as foods, thereby limiting FDA's ability to regulate dietary supplements
Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA)
Agency that has legal oversight over most food products
FDA
leading diet-related cause of death in North America
Heart disease
Adequate Level (AL)
Nutrient intake recommendation set when research is not sufficient to determine RDA
Foundations of a healthy food plan
Variety, balance, and moderation
A desirable nutrition state occurs when body tissues have enough essential nutrients from ____ of foods to support metabolic functions
a variety
DRI
abbreviation for the umbrella term that describes all the Food and Nutrition Board's nutrient recommendations
handful
about 2 oz of snack food
a common mistake that consumers make about FDA's role in the regulation of dietary supplest is that they
assume FDA has carefully evaluated the products
fluid ounce
based on the volume of water that weighs one ounce
measuring concentrations of nutrients, nutrient by-products, or enzyme activities in the blood to determine nutritional status is known as _______ assessment
biochemical
environmental (nutritional assessment technique in alcohol abuse)
currently residing in a homeless shelter, 35,.00 dollars in wallet, unemployed
nutrient density
determined by comparing its protein, vitamin, or mineral content with the amount of calories it provides
energy density
determined by comparing the calorie (kcal) content with the weight of food
dietary (nutritional assessment technique in alcohol abuse)
dietary intake of little more than wine and hamburgers for the last week
EER
estimation of calorie needs based on gender, age, height, weight, and physical activity level
overnutrition
excess intake o calories, often leading to obesity
1 cup
fist
RD credential indicates that the person
has completed rigorous classroom work in nutrition, participates in continuing education, and has completed rigorous clinical training in nutrition
myocardial infarction
heart attack
Benefits of variety in diet
helps ensure adequate intake of nutrients, increases phytochemical content, makes meals more interesting
epidemiology
the study of dietary and disease patterns among various populations
an explanation of a phenomenon that has numerous lines of evidence by different researchers to support it
theory
1 oz cheese
thumb
1 tsp
thumb tip to first joint
anthropometric data
weight, skin fold, body circumfrence
desirable nutrition
when body tissues have enough nutrients to support normal metabolic functions
undernutrition
when sufficient nutrients are not consumed to meet one's needs
subclinical deficiency
when there are no outward symptoms of a nutritional deficiency
