Nutrition Exam 3
triglycerides in adipocytes.
If someone goes to a seafood buffet and eats large portions of shrimp, crab, and baked fish, being careful to avoid fried seafood and high-fat sauces, the extra protein consumed will be stored as
individual habits and preferences
The most important factor in setting behavioral goals is
long-term use of megadose supplements
The most likely cause of vitamin toxicity is
fortified table salt
The most reliable source of iodine in the United States is
milk
The most significant source of riboflavin in the United States is
85-year-old man living independently
An example of someone who has a relatively high risk for vitamin deficiencies is a(n)
eating a piece of fruit with breakfast every day
An example of the lifestyle habit of "chaining" i
xerophthalmia
An eye disorder associated with vitamin A deficiency is
increasing intake of calcium and potassium
Apart from lowering dietary sodium intake, a dietary change that is most likely to help decrease high blood pressure levels is
increasing intake of calcium and magnesium
Apart from lowering dietary sodium intake, dietary changes that may help decrease high blood pressure include
fat
Athletes who exercise regularly are able to exercise for longer, partly because their body is able to use more energy from
calcium and magnesium
Hard water contains high levels of minerals such as
a man who drinks 5 or more alcoholic beverages every night
Hemosiderosis, storage of too much iron in the body, is most likely to occur in
High protein intake
High urinary urea excretion may be caused by
mental illness
Historically, deficiency of niacin was sometimes misdiagnosed as
keep a journal of perceived emotions
If a client wants to relearn to pay attention to hunger and satiety cues, he or she may find it helpful to
food will have a shorter shelf life
If a food that is usually made with hydrogenated oil is made with vegetable oil instead, one potential concern is that the
she menstruates regularly
If a health practitioner wants to assess whether an underweight woman's body fat is too low, he or she may ask her whether
Potassium
If a patient complained of muscle weakness, confusion, decreased appetite, and irregular heartbeat, it would be important to check blood levels of
his or her stomach does not produce intrinsic factor.
If a patient needs regular injections of vitamin B12, the most likely explanation is that
glycogen via anaerobic glycolysis
If a person hears a friend calling for help and goes running to find out what the friend needs, the person would be getting his or her energy from
Optimal
If a woman who drinks a cup of decaffeinated coffee in the morning, a cup of fruit juice with lunch, 6 cups of water throughout the day and a cup of tea at bedtime, her fluid intake would be considered
associated with a high
If a woman's waist measurement is 34 inches and her hip measurement is 40 inches, her waist-to-hip ratio would be considered to be _____ risk for chronic disease.
impaired
If an athlete weighed 150 lbs at the beginning of an athletic event and weighed 146 lb at the end of the event because of water lost in sweat, their athletic performance toward the end of the event would be
Protein
If an elderly client who lives alone and has a limited income has edema, it would be important to evaluate his or her dietary intake of sodium and
tea
If people want to maximize their absorption of calcium, they should avoid drinking
fatty acids
If someone goes on a long hike, after 4 hours most of his or her energy will be obtained from
use of egg yolk to make mayonnaise.
An example of emulsification is
peanut butter and jelly sandwich
An example of a meal high in biotin is a
stir-fried beef with broccoli
An example of a meal with high levels of vitamin K is
gymnast
An example of an athlete who is most likely to benefit from a multivitamin or mineral supplement that provides 100% of the Daily Recommended Intake (DRI) is a
Iodine
A client feels constantly tired even though she is getting 8 hours of sleep each night, and she is gaining about 2 lbs a month even though she has not changed her eating habits. You discover that she eats only organic and natural foods and avoids anything that is fortified. She may have a deficiency of
If he/she has eaten the food Olestra
A client who is trying to follow a low-fat eating pattern tells you that he or she has experienced diarrhea. You may want to find out whether he or she has
Salmon
A client who wishes to avoid blood clots may benefit from regular intake of
spina bifida
A disorder in infants that is associated with inadequate intake of folate during pregnancy is
run the tap water for 2-minutes before using it
A family with three young children has limited income, relies on public transportation, and has just moved into a very old apartment complex with old plumbing and lead pipes. The best recommendation to minimize lead exposure would be to
oatmeal
A good dietary source of chromium is
living in an apartment complex where it is unsafe for children to play outside unsupervised
A good example of living in an obesogenic environment is
grilled salmon sandwich
A good lunch choice for someone who wants to increase intake of omega-3 fatty acids would be
a bean burrito
A good source of calcium for someone who follows a strict vegetarian (vegan) diet would be
eat cereal with skim milk for breakfast instead of toast and juice.
A good way to increase intake of riboflavin would be to
The patient admits that he struggles with alcoholism
A patient is admitted to the hospital with confusion, memory loss, and ataxia. What other information would lead you to suspect that his symptoms may be caused by secondary thiamin deficiency?
a soft shell taco with hamburger, cheese, tomatoes, and lettuce.
A person who follows a strict kosher diet would not eat
absorption is inadequate or excessive amounts are excreted
A secondary deficiency of a vitamin occurs when
kwashiorkor
A small child has normal weight, but his arms and legs are thin, whereas his belly and face appear swollen. His mother tells you that the only food they have had in the house for the past 3 weeks is noodles and some bread. The child probably has
below the maximum recommended level
A sodium intake of 2100 mg daily by a healthy adult would be considered
projection
A wife who blames her high blood pressure on her husband's preference for salty foods is an example of
projection.
A wife who blames her high blood pressure on her husband's preference for salty foods is an example of
Folic Acid
A young woman recently married tells you that she is excited to have children. She should be especially careful to consume adequate amounts of
folic acid
A young woman recently married tells you that she is excited to have children. She should be especially careful to consume adequate amounts of
experience an overall increase in hunger drive
According to set point theory, if weight or fatness falls below the level perceived to be appropriate by the body, the individual will
women of childbearing age
Adequate intake of folic acid is especially important for
maintains a competitive and healthy weight
An athlete's kilocalorie intake is most likely to be appropriate if he or she
coffee
An example of a beverage that may have a demonstrated ergogenic effect is.
cheese
An example of a food with high levels of phosphorus is
Black-eyed peas with cornbread
An example of a high-folate meal is
spinach salad with orange segments
An example of a high-folate meal is
bone calcium levels
Daily dietary calcium intake affects
Vitamin C
Deficiencies are likely to develop most rapidly with low intake of vitamin
C
Deficiencies are likely to develop most rapidly with low intakes of vitamin
lethargy and weight gain
Deficiency of iodine reduces thyroxine production, which causes
muscle weakness, loss of coordination, and tachycardia
Deficiency of thiamine is characterized by
nerves
Deficiency of vitamin B12 may cause damage to the
Body temperature regulation
Dehydration is most likely to have a negative effect on
increasing the strength of tooth enamel
Dietary fluoride is important for
Antibodies
During acute bacterial infections, patients need extra protein to manufacture
protein
Edema may be caused by inadequate intake of
Whether he follows a vegan eating pattern or eats some animal food
Eric follows a vegetarian eating pattern, and he wants to know whether he needs to take any vitamin and mineral supplements. What would be most important to find out?
Oranges and Vegetable oils
Foods rich in antioxidant vitamins include
Egg Yolk
Foods that are good sources of preformed vitamin A include
sodium
Foods that contain chloride usually also contain
healthy
For a man, a total body fat level of 18% is considered
Gina has a gynoid shape, and Frank has an android shape
Frank and Gina are trying to lose weight. They walk 2 miles every evening after dinner, are eating smaller portions, and have stopped eating snacks between meals. Frank has lost twice as much weight as Gina. What is the most likely explanation?
of insensible fluid losses from the skin and lungs.
If someone took a 6-hour car ride in an air-conditioned vehicle without making any bathroom stops, they weigh less at the end of the trip than at the beginning because
dehydration
In an older adult who is usually very alert, disorientation may be a sign of
making breads from yeast
In countries where the staple food source is unleavened bread made from whole grains, zinc deficiency may be prevented by
cancer
In the United States, low intake of selenium may be associated with increased risk of
sleep apnea and osteoarthritis
It would be especially beneficial for someone to avoid becoming obese if they have a family history of
Sodium
It would be most difficult for the body to maintain homeostasis if over several days someone had an inadequate intake of
smoking cigarettes
Lifestyle behaviors that increase vitamin C requirements include
taking a 30 minute walk most days
Lifestyle changes that may help prevent development of osteoporosis include
taking a 30-minute walk on most days
Lifestyle changes that may help prevent development of osteoporosis include
kill gut bacteria that synthesize vitamin K
Long-term antibiotic use may be associated with vitamin K deficiency because antibiotics
Bone Calcium levels
Long-term dietary calcium intake has the greatest effect on
excessive vomiting and diarrhea.
Magnesium deficiency may occur in association with
it is easier than making dietary and behavioral modifications.
Many Americans use vitamin supplements on a regular basis because
tryptophan
Niacin can be manufactured by the body from the amino acid
Other amino acids
Nonessential amino acids can be made by the liver from
Corn on the Cob
Of the following, the food choice that contains the least sodium is
man who cycles to work every day and plays on sports teams on the weekend
Of the following, the person who would be expected to have the highest energy expenditure is a
metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and protein
Pantothenic acid is required for
protein
Pyridoxine functions in the body as a coenzyme in metabolism of
a 9-month old breast fed African American baby
Rickets would be most likely to develop in a(n)
ovolactovegetarian
Sam eats eggs, milk, beans, grains, vegetables and fruits. His diet is considered
methionine
Some choline can be synthesized by the body from
runs for at least 2 hours, 4 days a week.
Sports drinks may be more beneficial than water for an athlete who
high levels of calcium in blood and urine
Symptoms of vitamin D toxicity include
their skin is less efficient in synthesizing vitamin D during sun exposure
The Adequate Intake (AI) for vitamin D increases in older adults because
the amount of energy expended
The amount of thiamine that the body needs is related to
exercising regularly
The behavior change that would do most to help preserve lean body mass is
Permanent but preventable
The best description of blindness caused by vitamin A deficiency in developing countries is that it is
loss of body weight
The best way for someone to measure fluid loss during a workout is
choose whole grains and include at least five servings of fruits and vegetables daily.
The best way to ensure intake of a variety of phytochemicals is to
intensity of the activity
The duration of physical activity needed to maintain physical fitness depends on the
decreased ability of the blood to transport oxygen
The effects of iron deficiency are caused by
exercise
The factor that is most effective in increasing muscle mass is
ensure that the diet includes a variety of foods from all of the food groups.
The first step to ensure adequate intake of vitamins is to
ensure that the diet includes a variety of foods from all of the food groups
The first step to ensuring adequate intake of vitamins is to
heme iron
The form of dietary iron that is absorbed most easily is
adenosine triphosphate
The fuel for all body processes that traps energy released from food is
aldosterone
The hormone that causes the body to decrease sodium excretion is called
underwater weighing (densitometry).
The most accurate way to measure body fat levels is to use
a grilled pork chop
The most easily absorbed form of iron is found in
increase the duration and intensity of daily activities.
The most effective way to increase energy expenditure is to
A professional cyclist
The person who would have the highest need for thiamin is
potassium
The primary intracellular electrolyte is
using nontransparent containers
The riboflavin in milk is protected by
intrinsic factor
The substance produced by the stomach that is necessary for absorption of cobalamin is
amount of a mineral that can be absorbed by the body from a food.
The term bioavailability means the
megaloblastic
The type of anemia associated with folate deficiency is _____ anemia.
Margarine; olive
To decrease intake of saturated fatty acids and increase intake of polyunsaturated fatty acid, one dietary change would be from using _____ to using _____ oil.
500
To lose a pound of body fat in a week, daily energy expenditure would have to increase by approximately _____ kcal
stir-fried
Vegetables are likely to be highest in vitamin C if they are
carotenoids
Vitamin A may be obtained by the body from precursors called
weakening of connective tissue
Vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy, which is characterized by
polyunsaturated fats
Vitamin E requirements are related to intake of
Vitamins C and E
Vitamins that function as antioxidants in the body include
Copper
Wilson's disease is an inherited disorder that causes excessive accumulation of
copper
Wilson's disease is an inherited disorder that causes excessive accumulation of
regulate body temperature
Within the body, water helps to
Absorb amino acids
Without vitamin B6, the body would be unable to
to replace blood losses during menstruation
Young women require more dietary iron than young men
