Nutrition Water and Major Minerals Study Quiz
The average daily loss of water via the kidneys, lungs, feces, and skin is approximately
1.5 to 2.5 liters.
Which of the following is a feature of potassium supplements?
Can cause toxicity
Which of the following is a major function of chloride?
Helps maintain gastric acidity
Which of the following represents the least likely cause for an abnormal blood calcium level?
Insufficient dietary intake
Which of the following events is specific to a salt-sensitive individual?
Blood pressure increases as salt intake rises
Ions that carry a positive charge are called
cations.
All of the following are typical ingredients in an oral rehydration therapy formula except
Protein
All of the following play important roles in acid-base balance except
The liver
Which of the following is a general property of the minerals?
When a food is burned, all the minerals are found in the ash
The strongest predictor for loss of bone density is a person's
age
The development of osteoporosis in men typically occurs at what age in relation to the appearance of osteoporosis in women?
10 years later
To minimize the risk of calcium toxicity, total daily intakes should be held to a maximum of
2500 mg
At what age do adults normally begin to lose bone mass?
30-40 yrs
The approximate percentage of water in pizza is
45
Approximately how many people in the United States are afflicted with osteoporosis?
50 million
What is the minimum amount of water (mL) that must be excreted each day as urine in order to carry away the body's waste products?
500
For optimal utilization of calcium supplements, it is best to take them several times a day, in doses up to: 100 mg 200 mg 500 mg 800 mg
500 mg
When a person loses fluid by sweating of bleeding, what minerals are lost in greatest quantity?
sodium and chloride
For every man who has type I osteoporosis, about how many women have it?
6
What percentage of people with osteoporosis are female?
80
Where is the majority of the body's magnesium found?
Bones
Among the following calcium supplements, which is most calcium-dense?
Calcium carbonate
Which of the following is a major function of magnesium?
Catalyst in energy metabolism
Which of the following is a feature of phosphorus in nutrition?
Dietary deficiencies are virtually unknown
Which of the following is a feature of water?
Generated from oxidation of energy nutrients.
Which of the following is a characteristic of caffeine intake and water balance?
Habitual consumers of caffeine lose almost no more fluid from the body than when ingesting noncaffeinated beverages.
What is another term for hypertension?
High blood pressure
Which of the following is a feature of sodium and health?
High sodium intake is known to promote calcium excretion
Which of the following foods are significant sources of oxalates?
Spinach and sweet potatoes
The DASH diet plan was devised to prevent
Hypertension
Which of the following is a feature of osteoporosis?
It has virtually no effect on blood calcium levels
What organ provides the major control for homeostasis of body fluids?
Kidneys
Which of the following minerals is least likely to be deficient in anyone's diet?
Phosphorus
Protective factors for osteoporosis include all of the following except
female gender
All of the following characteristics are shared by calcium and magnesium except
both are found in abundance in dairy products.
Why are salt tablets generally not recommended for people engaged in physical activity?
They can induce dehydration
Which of the following people are at known risk for potassium depletion?
Which of the following people are at known risk for potassium depletion? Those who ingest low amounts of fresh fruits/vegetables
On a per kcalorie basis, which of the following are the best sources of calcium?
Vegetables
What is the body's most indispensable nutrient?
Water
Which of the following is a feature of physical activity and bone health?
Working the muscles places stress on bones which stimulates more trabeculae development.
Calcium-binding protein acts within the
intestines.
All of the following dietary substances are known to adversely affect calcium balance except
lactose in the diet.
All of the following are features of potassium in nutrition except
processed foods are a major source.
Magnesium is known to be involved in all of the following except
production of red blood cells.
Almost all (99%) of the calcium in the body is used to
provide rigidity for the bones and teeth.
All of the following are mild symptoms of dehydration except:
spastic muscles.
All of the following are good plant sources of calcium for the body except
spinach.
The most common fracture sites of osteoporosis type I are
spine and wrist
All of the following are characteristics of phosphorus in nutrition except
the ratio of phosphorus to calcium in the diet is important for bone maintenance
Which of the following minerals would a bulimia nervosa patient be likely to lose in the greatest amount?
Chloride
What pituitary hormone regulates kidney retention of water?
Antidiuretic hormone
Which of the following is present in highest concentration in soft water?
Sodium
Among the following groups, which has the highest percentage of body water?
Children
Normally, what is the relationship of the amount of sodium excreted to the amount ingested that day?
Intake and excretion are equal
Among the following calcium supplements, which is most likely to be contaminated with toxic minerals?
Oyster shells
All of the following are features of bone health and smoking except
Smokers adapt by increasing their calcium absorption and reducing their bone resorption rate
