Period 6 APUSH Practice Questions
LE Topic
Causes of more conflict than agreements over labor relations (Lingrell) Native American Relations between 1830-1900 (Ewing block 2)
All of the following account for nativist sentiment against the "new immigrants" of the late nineteenth century EXCEPT that the immigrants A. practiced different religions B. had different languages and cultures C. were willing to work for lower wages than were native-born workers D. were not familiar with the United States political system E. dominate the professions of law, medicine, and engineering
E. dominate the professions of law, medicine, and engineering
DBQ Topic
Technology transforming the US economy (Lingrell) Technology transforming the US economy (Ewing block 2)
According to Khan Academy, what percentage of working people belonged to a union as of 1900? a. 3 percent b. 15 percent c. 25 percent d. 10 percent
a. 3 percent
(cartoon of people in a hot air balloon with writings saying things like "the peoples party" and "farmers alliance") The cartoon suggests that the disparate groups that favored the People's (Populist) Party typically shared which of the following? A. The idea that wealthy people had some obligation to help people living in poverty B. Belief in a stronger federal government role in the United States economic system C. Support for United States expansionism D. Advocacy of individual rights
B. Belief in a stronger federal government role in the United States economic system
African Americans who fled the violence of the Reconstruction South in 1879 and 1880 to start anew in Kansas were known as A. exodusters B. homesteaders C. scalawags D. jayhawkers
A. exodusters
(graph of food transported by train, increasing the more time passed) Which of the following developments helps to explain the change in agriculture depicted in the graph? A. The extraction of western resources led to the growth of new towns and cities that demanded agricultural goods. B. The growth of an internal slave trade provided an enlarged workforce whose labor helped increase agricultural production. C. Farmers' cooperative organizations reduced consolidation in the agricultural markets in order to increase production. D. Increased migration from the West for industrial jobs in eastern cities led to increased consumption of agricultural goods.
A. The extraction of western resources led to the growth of new towns and cities that demanded agricultural goods.
"We demand a graduated income tax. . . . Transportation being a means of exchange and a public necessity, the government should own and operate the railroads. . . . The land, including all the natural sources of wealth, is the heritage of the people, and should not be monopolized for speculative purposes, and alien ownership of land should be prohibited.... [W]e demand a free ballot and a fair count." Activists formed the Populist Party most directly in response to the... A. growth of corporate power in agriculture and economic instability in farming B. emergence of concerns about abuses of the environment C. development of reform movements inspired by the Second Great Awakening D. rise of monopolies and reduction of wages for industrial workers
A. growth of corporate power in agriculture and economic instability in farming
"Reformers pushed the federal government toward direct supervision of the lives of individual Indians" - Richard White "the reservation could in fact become a site of cultural and economic creativity—and of resistance to the projects of the state" - Steven Hahn Which of the following is a difference between White's and Hahn's claims in the excerpts? A. White - reservations reduced American Indian autonomy from the United States Hahn -reservations could be used to resist federal encroachment. B. White - federal supervision of American Indians decreased Hahn - the US came to control all aspects of their lives on reservations. C. White - American Indians came to be governed directly by the US Hahn - they remained outside the jurisdiction of the US D. White - American Indians retained possession of much land Hahn - they lost possession of most of their land to United States settlers.
A. White claims that reservations reduced American Indian autonomy from the United States, while Hahn claims reservations could be used to resist federal encroachment.
(picture of a fat man leaning on a table saying "in courting there is strength" and the ballot on top of it) The cartoon above is a commentary on late-nineteenth-century A. municipal corruption B. imperialism C. labor unrest D. business monopolies E. civil-rights campaigns
A. municipal corruption
In the three decades following the Civil War, the policies of the Republican Party generally favored A. northern industrial interests B. southern agricultural interests C. the interests of laborers D. inflationary currency policies
A. northern industrial interests
The American Federation of Labor under the leadership of Samuel Gompers organized A. skilled workers in craft unions in order to achieve economic gains B. all industrial and agricultural workers in "one big union" C. unskilled workers along industrial lines D. workers and intellectuals into a labor party for political action E. workers into a fraternal organization to provide unemployment and old-age benefits
A. skilled workers in craft unions in order to achieve economic gains
"Article 6: If any individual belonging to said tribes of Indians, or legally incorporated with them, being the head of a family, shall desire to commence farming, he shall have the privilege to select...a tract of land within said reservation, not exceeding three hundred and twenty acres in extent" Article 6 of the treaty most likely reflected which of the following sentiments? A. A desire by many American Indians to change their way of life B. A hope held by some in government that American Indians would adopt lifestyles similar to the lifestyles of White settlers C. A need felt by many American Indians to more clearly legitimize their claims to the land D. A wish by some in government to protect American Indian landholdings from encroachments by railroads
B. A hope held by some in government that American Indians would adopt lifestyles similar to the lifestyles of White settlers
(picture of a graph about immigrants from different regions) Which of the following was a difference between the immigration from 1865 to 1895 depicted in the graph and immigration in the 1840s and 1850s? A. More immigrants in the 1840s and 1850s sought factory work than did the immigrants who arrived between 1865 and 1895. B. More immigrants in the 1840s and 1850s arrived with cultural practices similar to those of Americans than did the immigrants who arrived between 1865 and 1895. C. Immigration was a main source of agricultural labor in the Southern states during the 1840s and 1850s, but it was not between 1865 and 1895. D. Immigration from China was greater than immigration from central Europe in the 1840s and 1850s as compared to the period between 1865 and 1895.
B. More immigrants in the 1840s and 1850s arrived with cultural practices similar to those of Americans than did the immigrants who arrived between 1865 and 1895.
(graph of immigration, peaking between 1880-1885, especially from Northern and Western Europe) Which of the following best accounts for the curve on the graph above depicting immigration to the United States from Asia, Africa and the Americas between 1882 and 1900? A. Rapid expansion of the British Empire into the Southern Hemisphere B. Restrictive congressional legislation C. Immigration to less-settled areas of the world D. Improved worldwide economic conditions E. Reduction of potential immigrant populations by widespread epidemics
B. Restrictive congressional legislation
"Americans faced an overwhelming task after the Civil War and emancipation: how to understand the tangled relationship between profound ideas—healing and justice. The sectional reunion after so horrible a civil war was a political triumph by the late nineteenth century, but it could not have been achieved without the resubjugation of many of those people whom the war had freed from centuries of bondage" Which of the following best characterizes the "sectional reunion" Blight describes? A. Gilded Age financial policies encouraged economic growth in the North and the South. B. The federal government removed troops from the South and eliminated aid for former slaves. C. New political alliances united northern and southern members of the Democratic Party to win control of both houses in Congress. D. White laborers in the North and African American farmers in the South joined together in the Populist movement.
B. The federal government removed troops from the South and eliminated aid for former slaves.
"Yet, after all our years of toil and privation, dangers and hardships upon the ... frontier, monopoly is taking our homes from us by an infamous system of mortgage foreclosure, the most infamous that has ever disgraced the statutes of a civilized nation. ... How did it happen? The government, at the bid of Wall Street, repudiated its contracts with the people; the circulating medium was contracted. ... As Senator Plumb tells us, 'Our debts were increased, while the means to pay them was decreased.' As grand Senator ... Stewart puts it, 'the American laborer, in bitterness and wrath, asks which is the worst: the black slavery that has gone or the white slavery that has come?" — Lease, Woman's Christian Temperance Union, 1890 In the speech, Lease was reacting primarily to the problems faced by what group? A. Bankers B. Southern European migrants C. Farmers D. African Americans
C. Farmers
"Every contract, combination in form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy, in restraint of trade or commerce in any territory of the United States . . .is hereby declared illegal." The passage above was most effectively used for which purpose in the late nineteenth century? A. Supporting the goals of Social Darwinists B. Restricting the power of monopolies and trusts C. Limiting the power of labor unions D. Regulating railroads and grain storage silos E. Upholding the powers of the Interstate Commerce Act
C. Limiting the power of labor unions
(picture of a washington on top of hands being shaken in the sky above a boat) The union membership card pictured above is designed to accomplish which of the following? A. Encourage United States workers to unite against foreign competition B. Assure the public that strikes and walkouts were not part of union policy C. Link union membership with patriotic and religious images D. Point out the dangers of working as a longshoreman E. Show that membership in the longshoremen's union was open only to workers born in the United States
C. Link union membership with patriotic and religious images
"So many people ask me what they shall do; so few tell me what they can do. Yet this is the pivot wherein all must turn. "I believe that each of us who has his place to make should go where men are wanted, and where employment is not bestowed as alms. Of course, I say to all who are in want of work, GoWest! "On the whole I say, stay where you are; do as well as you can; and devote every spare hour to making yourself familiar with the conditions and dexterity required for the efficient conservation of out-door industry in a new country. Having mastered these, gather up your family and GoWest!" The advice in the excerpt most directly reflects the influence of which of the following prevailing American ideas? A. Nationalism B. Popular sovereignty C. Manifest Destiny D. Isolationism
C. Manifest Destiny
(graph of cotton, wheat, and consumer prices crashing) The chart above supports which of the following conclusions regarding economic conditions in the United States during the last third of the nineteenth century? A. Americans with relatively stable incomes found it increasingly difficult to make ends meet. B. Wheat farming became more lucrative. C. Many American farmers struggled financially. D. Cheap foreign goods were the primary cause for the decline in prices.
C. Many American farmers struggled financially
"We believe that the time has come when the railroad corporations will either own the people or the people must own the railroads ... We demand a national currency, safe, sound, and flexible ... We demand a graduated income tax ... We demand a free ballot." Which of the following groups included the passage above in its platform? A. American Federation of Labor B. Union-Labor Party C. People's Party (Populists) D. National Grange E. Democratic Party
C. People's Party (Populists)
First. - That the union of the labor forces of theUnited States this day consummated shall bepermanent and perpetual. Second. - Wealth belongs to him who creates it. . . .The interests of rural and civil labor are the same;their enemies are identical. . . . 1. We demand free and unlimited coinage of silverand gold at the present legal ratio of 16 to 1. . . . 3. We demand a graduated income tax. . . . RESOLVED, That we demand a free ballot and a faircount in all elections . . . through the adoption ofthe Australian or secret ballot system. The excerpts above appeared in the platform of which of the following political parties? A. American Party B. Greenback Labor Party C. Populist Party D. Socialist Party E. Progressive Party
C. Populist Party
(2 maps showing transportation time across the US, one in 1800 the other in 1857) By the 1870s, which of the following most reflected the continuation of the trend depicted on the maps? Responses A. The purchase of automobiles by most households in the United States B. The extension of electrical power to most homes in the United States C. The completion of transcontinental railroads D. The development and use of the cotton gin in the South
C. The completion of transcontinental railroads
"The purpose of this article is to present some of the best methods of performing this duty of administering surplus wealth for the good of the people. The first requisite for a really good use of wealth by the millionaire who has accepted the gospel of wealth . . . is to take care that the purpose for which he spends it shall not have a degrading, pauperizing tendency upon its recipients" Andrew Carnegie, "The Best Fields for Philanthropy," North American Review, 1889 The excerpt best serves as evidence for which of the following developments in the late 1800s? A. The impact of the construction of transcontinental railroads on United States commerce B. The growing support for labor unions among the owners of corporations C. The emergence of arguments that wealthy people had a moral obligation to help society D. The decline of urban centers as immigrant populations moved westward
C. The emergence of arguments that wealthy people had a moral obligation to help society
"Economically speaking, aggregated capital will be more and more essential to the performance of our social tasks. Each great company will be known as controlled by one mastermind. We are to see the development of the country pushed forward at an unprecedented rate by an aggregation of capital. money inherited by a spendthrift will be squandered and re-accumulated in the hands of men who are fit and competent to hold it. So it should be, and under such a state of things there is no reason to desire to limit the property which any man may acquire." The excerpt best reflects which of the following economic developments in the late 1800s? A. The rise in demand for immigrant labor in factories B. The political advocacy for seeking overseas markets C. The increase in wealth inequality in United States society D. The reduction in conflict between managers and workers
C. The increase in wealth inequality in United States society
In the second half of the nineteenth century, the formation of labor unions was often a response to A. federal protection of workers' rights to organize B. the large numbers of immigrants working in factories C. low wages and dangerous conditions in industrial work D. the presence of women in certain areas of industrial work E. the emergence of multinational companies and increased global competition
C. low wages and dangerous conditions in industrial work
"The [political] machine represented the dominant urban political institution of the late nineteenth century...Bosses purchased voter support with individual economic inducements such as offers of public jobs" "By 1886, the Irish held 58 percent of the seats on the San Francisco Democratic party central committee" Which of the following pieces of historical evidence would support the overall argument in the excerpt? A. The Democratic political machine in San Francisco failed to gain a majority of Irish votes in elections during the 1880s. B. Many Irish politicians in Philadelphia became members of the Republican Party in the late 1800s. C. Political factionalism among Irish voters in Boston in the 1890s discouraged the formation of a Democratic political machine. D. People of Irish descent in New York City registered to vote at a higher rate than their proportion of the population in the 1890s.
D. People of Irish descent in New York City registered to vote at a higher rate than their proportion of the population in the 1890s.
"The progress of society consists largely in separating...people into groups, in giving them different kinds of work to do, in developing different powers, and different functions...This is the method of civilization" "The precise business of the Christian Church is to fill the world with the spirit of unity, of brotherhood...to promote unity of the spirit in the bonds of peace" Which arguments about society during the Gilded Age could Gladden's purpose in the excerpt best be used to support? A. Socialists became the most prominent leaders of religious social reform movements. B. Religious leaders advocated withdrawal from society to counter the effects of industrialization. C. Agrarian reformers commonly used religious metaphors to connect with common farmers. D. Advocates of the Social Gospel emphasized putting religious principles into practice in society.
D. Advocates of the Social Gospel emphasized putting religious principles into practice in society.
"If they dare to come out in the open field and defend the gold standard as a good thing, we will fight them to the uttermost. Having behind us the producing masses of this nation and the world, supported by the commercial interests, the laboring interests, and the toilers everywhere, we will answer their demand for a gold standard by saying to them: You shall not press down upon the brow of labor this crown of thorns; you shall not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold." William Jennings Bryan, 1896 Which of the following groups would most likely agree with the quote above? A. Urban workers B. Railroad executives C. New York City financiers D. Midwestern farmers E. White-collar and professional workers
D. Midwestern farmers
command the capital to pay for the immigrants from their homes to where they're wanted, they'll supply the planters...with all the labor that they want -Pillow To those of the white race who look to the incoming of those of foreign birth ...Cast it down among the eight millions of Negroes whose habits you know -Washington Which of the following describes a difference between Washington's and Pillow's arguments in the excerpts? A. Washington - Chinese immigrants allowed Pillow - ban on any Chinese immigration B. Washington - biracial cooperation on economic development Pillow - African Americans excluded from the southern economy C. Pillow - against labor strikes by southern agricultural workers Washington - African-American workers should strike til immigration is halted D. Pillow - immigrant laborers should be recruited for agriculture Washington - African Americans should be recruited instead
D. Pillow - immigrant laborers should be recruited for agriculture Washington - African Americans should be recruited instead.
"The old South rested everything on slavery and agriculture, unconscious that these could neither give nor maintain healthy growth. The new South presents a perfect democracy, the oligarchs leading in the popular movement—a social system compact and closely knitted, less splendid on the surface, but stronger at the core—a hundred farms for every plantation, fifty homes for every palace—and a diversified industry that meets the complex need of this complex age." Which of the following arguments about Southern society in the late 1800s could the excerpt's point of view best be used to support? A. Southern migrants believed the Northern factories offered better job opportunities B. Southern farmers desired to adopt cotton sharecropping C. Southern African Americans secured new constitutional rights and opportunities D. Southern politicians promoted economic integration with the North
D. Southern politicians promoted economic integration with the North
"female participation in that area of reform grew out of a set of needs and values peculiar to middle-class women in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Settlement workers did not set out to become reformers. They were rather women trying to fulfill existing social expectations for self-sacrificing female service while at the same time satisfying their need for public recognition, authority, and independence. In the process of attempting to weave together a life of service and professional accomplishment, they became reformers as the wider world defined them." Settlement housework described by Muncy had the most in common with women's activism during which earlier period? A. The Protestant evangelism of the mid-1700s B. The decade leading up to the American Revolution C. The two decades following the American Revolution D. The Second Great Awakening in the first half of the 1800s
D. The Second Great Awakening in the first half of the 1800s
Who coined the phrase "the Gilded Age," the famous Period 6 term? a. Mark Twain b. Charlotte Perkins Gilman c. Emily Dickinson d. Walt Whitman
a. Mark Twain
What company became the nation's first one valued at a billion dollars? a. Standard Oil b. Union Pacific Railroad Company c. J.P. Morgan/Chase Bank d. U.S. Steel
a. Standard Oil
From the Khan Academy episode about the Gilded Age, which of the following was specifically cited as being caused by the expansion of railroads across the country? a. the modern system of time b. the elevator c. the telephone d. the light bulb
a. the modern system of time
Jacob Riis photographed much of New York during this period and captured life in the growing city in his book titled... a. How the Other Half Lives b. Escape From New York c. New York: City of the Century d. Manhattan: the New Colossus
a.How the Other Half Lives
The movement of populations from rural to urban areas is called urbanization. Urbanization in the United States increased gradually in the early 1800s and then accelerated in the years after the Civil War due to continuous internal migration and immigration. According to Khan Academy, when did more Americans live in cities than in rural areas for the first time in US history? a. 1877 b. 1920 c. 1914 d. 1898
b. 1920
According to Khan Academy, between 1881 and 1900, how many workers lost their lives in industrial and other other accidents AND -- at a minimum -- how many workers went on strike each year of that same period? a. 1 million workers died and at least 3.5 million workers went on strike each year b. 35,000 workers died and at least 100,000 workers went on strike each year c. 5,000 workers died and at least 10,000 workers went on strike each year d. 5.5 million workers died and at least 27 million workers went on strike each year
b. 35,000 workers died and at least 100,000 workers went on strike each year
Khan Academy talked a lot about the Bessemer process, and how it led the United States to have more railroad track mileage than all of Europe combined by 1900: who made his vast fortune because of this innovative process? a. J.P. Morgan b. Andrew Carnegie c. Cornelius Vanderbilt d. John D. Rockefeller
b. Andrew Carnegie
According to Khan Academy, some of the wealthiest Americans in history -- including J.P. Morgan, Andrew Carnegie, and John D. Rockefeller -- got rich partly through... a. contracts connected to the Civil War b. their labor costs were always minimal: first slaves, then immigrants c. political corruption d. moving Indians on to reservations, thereby freeing up land they exploited
c. political corruption
Between 1865 and the 1890s, the United States' industrial economy moved from _________ to _________ in the world. a. 15th place to 4th place b. 10th place to 3rd place c. 20th place to 2nd place d. 4th place to 1st place
d. 4th place to 1st place
Laissez faire means... a. The theory that individuals, groups, and peoples are subject to the same laws of natural selection as plants and animals. b. The Christian faith practiced as a call not just to personal conversion but to social reform. c. A political group in which an authoritative boss or small group commands the support of a corps of supporters and businesses (usually campaign workers), who receive rewards for their efforts. d. A hands off, leave it alone, or "allow to do" philosophy, especially economically.
d. A hands off, leave it alone, or "allow to do" philosophy, especially economically.
The Haymarket riot fatally wounded which union, which up to that point had enjoyed a lot of success due to its "progressive" membership policies? a. American Railway Union b. American Federation of Labor c. Industrial Workers of the World d. Knights of Labor
d. Knights of Labor
Fill-in the blank: According to Khan Academy, cities in the Gilded Age were studies in ______________. a. gender inequality b. racial inequity c. population explosions, noise, and nearly overwhelming pollution d. contrasts
d. contrasts
"In the United States the industrial revolution came in two waves. The first saw the rise of factories and mechanized production in the late 1700s and early 1800s and included steam-powered spinning and weaving machines, the cotton gin, steamboats, locomotives, and the telegraph. The Second Industrial Revolution took off following the Civil War with the introduction of..." a. railroads, steamboats, water-powered factory production, photography, and more b. the mass production of the automobile by automakers led by Henry Ford, advancements in military technologies including the machine gun, color photography, and more c. the printing press, the first successful test of the airplane, advancements in the speed and seaworthiness of ocean-going vessels, and more d. interchangeable parts, assembly-line production, and new technologies, including the telephone, automobile, electrification of homes and businesses, and more
d. interchangeable parts, assembly-line production, and new technologies, including the telephone, automobile, electrification of homes and businesses, and more
SA Topic
historical effects/events causing a change in energy sources in the US (Lingrell) Native American Relations What led to there being so many political machine leaders in the senate (Ewing)
