Personality Theory Quiz 2 Ch. 3+4

When did Horney move to the US?

1932

How a person solves the problem of how to usefully proceed in the world depends on what?

Birth order

Adler was one of the very first to establish what?

Child Guidance Clinics

For a woman, according to Horney, what may penis envy signify?

ENVY FOR SOCIAL POWER THAT IS OFTEN AVAILABLE ONLY TO ME

Her own analysis convinced Horney that orthodox psychoanalytic theory was suitable with respect to the psychology of women

False

Horney believed that there is in each of us a central force, common to all humankind, which is a deep source of growth that she called the "idealized self."

False

In 1920, Adler was the first to practice what form of therapy?

Family Constellation

In 1902, Adler became one of the first four members of the inner circle that evolved around whom?

Freud

What qualities are associated with compulsive detachment, "moving away from" people?

NEED FOR SELF-SUFFICIENCY, INDEPENDENCE, PERFECTION, AND UNASSAILABILITY

What systems of thought influenced Adler?

Psychoanalytic theory, Friedrich NIETZSCHE, THE HOLISTIC PHILOSOPHY OF JAN SMITS, THE THEORETICAL WORK OF HANS VAIHINGER

What qualities are associated with compulsive compliance, "moving toward" people?

Self-sacrificing, needing love and approval are qualities associated with compulsive compliance,

For Adler, what is the self?

THE INDIVIDUAL'S STYLE OF LIFE, THE CREATIVE POWER OF THE INDIVIDUAL, AND THE PERSONALITY VIEWED AS AN INTEGRATED WHOLE

According to Adler, what feeling is universal to all people?

The feeling of inferiority

Horney agreed with Freud on the importance of unconscious motivation and the primacy of emotional over rational influences on behavior.

True

Horney argued that women chiefly envy the power that is attached to the patriarchal ideal and cultural manifestations of male privilege, rather than accepting Freud's belief that "anatomy is destiny."

True

What were the sources of inspiration for Horney's description of the "real self?

a.The spiritual self of William James b.The loss of self by Soren Kierkegaard, c.The concept of will described by Otto Rank, d.The Zen concept of wholeheartedness.

What are the conditions of childhood required by everyone for self-realization?

healthy friction with the wishes and will of those around them, an atmosphere of warmth, and the goodwill of others to supply various needs

What are some of Adler's major principles of personality

inferiority complex, SUPERIORITY PRINCIPLE, GOAL DIRECTEDNESS OF BEHAVIOR, THE UNITY OF THE INDIVIDUAL'S STYLE OF LIFE, CREATIVE POWER OF THE INDIVIDUAL., social interest

What does an individual develop which serves as a focus for achievement?

life goal

What did Adler think could be detected in a person's earliest recollections?

person's hidden purposes

In her therapeutic work, what did Horney stress?

(a) the cooperative nature of the therapeutic process; (b) recognition of the patient's defenses and their consequences (i.e., the forces that drive and inhibit a person); (c) analysis of transference; (d) the use of free association

Horney was the first person of stature in the psychoanalytic community to do what?

1.CHALLENGE THE FREUDIAN PERSPECTIVE OF WOMEN, 2.PLACE THE FAMILY AND SOCIETY IN THE CENTER OF NEUROTIC DEVELOPMENT, 3.ASSERT THAT SELF-ANALYSIS COULD BE AN IMPORTANT SOURCE OF DEVELOPMENT, 4.REALIZE THAT MASOCHISM IS A LEARNED PATTERN OF CULTURAL BEHAVIOR.

Horney postulates what three ways that people act in order to gain the feelings of safety and satisfaction?

COMPULSIVE COMPLIANCE (Moving Toward), COMPULSIVE AGGRESSION (Moving Against), COMPULSIVE DETACHMENT (Moving Away From)

According to Adler, what are the basic traits of the healthy individual?

CONSTRUCTIVE STRIVING FOR SUPERIORITY, cooperation, strong social interest

What is at the core of Adler's model of human nature?

Creativity and the creative self

What strongly influenced Adler's early work?

Darwin's Theory of Evolution

What were some of the important contributions of Karen Horney to personality psychology?

Essays on FEMININE PSCHOLOGY, 2.Idea that DISTURBED RELATIONSHIPS AND CULTURAL INFLUENCES REPLACE BIOLOGY AS THE MOST IMPORTANT CAUSE OF NEUROTIC DEVELOPMENT, 3. Argument that INDIVIDUALS COPE WITH ANXIETY that is PRODUCED BY FEELING UNSAFE, UNLOVED, AND UNVALUED by DEVELOPING STRATEGIES OF DEFENSE and DISOWNING THEIR REAL FEELINGS.

The trend of moving toward people and the continual need for love and approval indicate the realization of the self through relationships.

False

The way an individual copes with anxiety has little to do with early family experiences, and is NOT primarily the result of cultural and socioeconomic influences.

False

basic anxiety is inherent in human nature and its origins are to be found with factors in one's childhood environment, especially parent-child relationships.

False

What is the name of the psychology that Adler found?

Individual Psychology

What did Adler believe to have greater influence on our behavior than our past experiences?

OUR GOALS AND EXPECTATIONS

What childhood situations tend to result in isolation, a lack of social interest, and the development of a non-cooperative style of life?

PAMPERING, ORGAN INFERIORITY, AND NEGLECT

What influences one's life goal?

PERSONAL EXPERIENCE, VALUES, ATTITUDES, PERSONALITY

What are the dimensions of a person's lifestyle?

THE SELF-CONCEPT, THE SELF-IDEAL, THE IMAGE OF THE WORLD, ETHICAL THE IMAGE OF THE WORLD, ETHICAL CONVICTIONS CONVICTIONS

What qualities are associated with compulsive aggression, "moving against" people?

The need for power, exploitation of others, need for prestige and personal achievement

In Adlerian terminology, what is the term (another name) for the striving for superiority and the actualizing of life goals?

The will

Horney made an important contribution to the psychoanalytical movement by bringing new awareness to, and placing emphasis on both family and culture in producing neurosis.

True

Horney may be considered one of the founders of humanistic psychology due to her emphasis on self-realization as the source of healthy values and the goal of life.

True

What did Horney propose that the origin of neurosis stem from?

alienation from the real center of our being

Adler's work on the schema of apperception was an important precursor to current day?

cognitive psychology and cognitive therapy

What are Adler's four key contributions to personality theory?

creative self, uniqueness of personality, consciousness, social interest

What did Horney conclude to be one of the strongest motivating forces for human beings?

goal of self-realization.

To what does Horney's term "the search for glory" refer?

one's attempt to actualize one's idealized self

Compared to Freud, how did Adler view the future of humankind?

optimistic positive terms

What did Adler believe to be the true motivation in an individual?

seeking to be superior

According to Adler, what are some of the life tasks that confront each individual?

work, friendship, love