pharm. exam 2 practice questions

What is probably the most undiagnosed electrolyte deficiency? Hypokalemia Hypocalcemia Hypomagnesemia Hyponatremia

hypomagnesemia

Scopalamine nursing intervention

tell patient to wear it behind their ear for 72 hours

nursing intervention w eyedrops

tell your pt to sit up when putting them in, and press on the tear ducts so that it doesnt leak into their mouth or nose, causing systemic effects

Based on the condition of the patient, an intravenous fluid that is hypertonic will be ordered. Which intravenous fluid is most likely to be ordered by the health care provider? Normal saline 5% dextrose and normal saline 2.5% dextrose and water 0.33% NaCl

5% dextrose and normal saline

The nurse is assessing an unconscious patient who is receiving nasogastric tube feedings. For what adverse effects will the nurse monitor in the patient? Allergies, phlebitis Hyperglycemia, potential infection Fluid overload, renal or heart failure Aspiration pneumonia, digestive intolerance

aspiration pneumonia and digestive intolerance

if ur patient is in a CHOLINERGIC crisis what do u give?

atropine

A patient sustains a significant blood loss secondary to a trauma. The nurse anticipates using which fluid to best replace the losses? Crystalloids Colloids Blood products Lipids

blood products

Which statement is true regarding total parenteral nutrition (TPN)? Metastatic cancer requires TPN. The average percentage of dextrose in TPN is 35%. The TPN solution does not allow the growth of microorganisms. TPN is the secondary method for providing complete nutrients by the parenteral route.

cancer requires TPN

The nurse is assessing the nutritional status of a patient with colon cancer who will need nutritional support indefinitely. What is the preferred route of nutritional delivery to maintain health in this patient? Nasojejunal feeding Jejunostomy feeding Central parenteral nutrition Peripheral parenteral nutrition

central parental

The nurse is advised to begin administering central parenteral nutrition for a patient in the intensive care unit. What nursing action should the nurse perform first? Check the placement of the nasogastric tube. Check the primary health care provider's prescription for date and completion. Assess the central line site for patency, intactness, and appearance. Administer the initial rate of 50 mL/hr as prescribed.

check the care providers prescription

colloids versus crystalloids

colloids: good for when blood isnt available crystalloids: good for fluid replacement

beth. promotes urination by...

contracting the bladder

he health care provider has indicated that the patient requires an elemental commercial enteral feeding preparation. The nurse anticipates that the provider will order which preparation? Criticare HN Sustacal Ensure Meritene

criticare hn

The nurse is caring for a patient who has acute pancreatitis. The health care provider has prescribed an anticholinergic drug. The patient asks, "How will this drug help me?" What is the nurse's best response? Incorrect1 "It will decrease your resting heart rate." "It will reduce your salivary secretions." "It decreases muscle rigidity and tremors." "It will decrease the gastric secretions."

decrease gastric secretions

When administering intravenous magnesium sulfate, the nurse will monitor for which signs and symptoms of hypermagnesemia? Depressed deep tendon reflexes Hyperthermia Diaphoresis Tachycardia

depressed reflexes

Which foods would NOT be recommended for a patient who needs to eat a diet high in potassium? Dried fruits Bananas and plums Broccoli and peanut butter Eggs and whole-grain breads

eggs and whole grain breads

The nurse identifies that the patient has been ordered Peptamen Liquid. The nurse recognizes that Peptamen Liquid is an example of which type of commercial enteral feeding preparation? Blenderized Polymeric Lactose-free Elemental

elemental

The patient is being treated with an alpha blocker drug. The patient tells the nurse that he recently blacked out when getting up from his afternoon nap. What does the nurse recognize the patient is most likely experiencing? An overdosage of the medication An expected side effect of this group of medications An unexpected adverse reaction to the medication An allergic reaction to the medication

expected side effect

The patient has been receiving dopamine in an intravenous infusion. The nurse notes that the health care provider has ordered phentolamine to be administered. What does the nurse recognize the patient is most likely experiencing? overdosage extravasation anaphylaxis toxicity

extravasation

A nurse is caring for a patient who was admitted with multiple fractures and hypercalcemia. Which symptom would the nurse expect to find during an assessment of the patient with hypercalcemia? Tetany Flabby muscles Irritability Anxiety

flabby muscles

A client who is taking beta blockers exhibits the following signs: BP 130/75, P 80, RR 18, tremors, irritability, and diaphoresis. What is the nurse's priority action? Check blood pressure in sitting and lying positions. Take apical pulse for one full minute. Offer the client a cup of orange juice. Obtain a blood glucose level.

get a glucose level

The nurse is caring for a patient receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which interventions will the nurse include in the patient's plan of care? Select all that apply. Monitor blood glucose levels. Protect the solution from exposure to light at all times. Monitor the patient for changes in temperature. Accelerate the rate of infusion to keep the infusion on time as needed. Monitor intake and output. Keep TPN solution that is not in use at room temperature.

glucose levels change in temp I & O

what type of solution is 5% with normal saline

hypertonic bc its a combo of 2 solutions

Which condition occurs due to the abrupt discontinuation of total parenteral nutrition? Hydrothorax Hemothorax Air embolism Hypoglycemia

hypoglycemia

Which statement regarding colloids is true? Colloids increase blood volume. Colloids contain lipids and carbohydrates. Colloids can pass through semipermeable membranes. Colloids increase osmolarity by dissolving in the solution.

increase blood volume

The nurse is caring for a patient postsurgery who reports constipation. The nurse finds that the patient has difficulty in swallowing. Which is the appropriate intervention by the nurse? Administer a laxative. Increase fluid intake. Provide a diet rich in fiber. Inject bethanechol (Urecholine).

inject beth

A patient is noted to have a serum potassium level of 5.6 mEq/L. The first action the nurse would anticipate would be to provide IV hydration to dilute the potassium. administer sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate). institute potassium restriction. administer a potassium-wasting diuretic.

institute a potassium restriction

The patient is taking insulin and has just been prescribed a beta blocker drug. The nurse recognizes that the interaction of the beta blocker and the insulin may have which result? Enhanced activity of the beta blocker drug Masked signs of hypoglycemia Decreased activity of the beta blocker drug Masked signs of hyperglycemia

masked signs of hypoglycemia

The nurse is monitoring a patient's vital signs on each visit that the patient makes to a health clinic. The patient has started treatment with an adrenergic blocking drug. What is the nurse's highest priority? Count the patient's respiratory rate for one minute. Take the patient's temperature by both the oral and axillary routes. Measure both supine and standing blood pressures. Count the radial pulse for one full minute.

measure both supine and standing BP

what is the most frequently ordered isotonic IV fluid?

normal saline

what to watch for with alpha/beta blockers

orthostatic hypotension

When administering enteral tube feedings and medications, which practices should be avoided? Placing the patient on the left side. Crushing enteric coated medications prior to administration through the feeding tube. Mixing enteral medications with the feeding solution. Dissolving solid medications prior to administration through the feeding tube. Flushing the tubing before and after medication administration.

placing pt on left side

Which enteral formulations closely resemble the normal dietary intake of an individual? Modular formulations Polymeric formulations Elemental formulations Altered amino acid formulations

polymeric

Why are loop diuretics prescribed for a patient who is receiving whole blood and packed red blood cells? To prevent coagulation To provide caloric intake To prevent circulatory overload To increase oxygen carrying capacity

prevent circulatory overload

prevention of aspiration

semi fowlers *temporarily turn off tube feeding if you plan to move your patient around a lot

treatment for diarrhea

slow infusion and increase water

what do you do if you see that the infusing fluid is D10W instead of D5W

stop the dextrose 10% from going in, assess the PT and hang the 5% SLOWLY. most important thing is to stop that 10% from going in.

The nurse knows that drugs in which class may interact with adrenergic drugs? Opioids Thyroid preparations Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs

thyroid preps

Which are manifestations of hypocalcemia? (Select all that apply.) Twitching of the mouth Seizures Urinary retention Carpopedal spasms

twitching of mouth, seizures, carpopedal spasms