Physics exam 3

A 25-coil spring with a spring constant of 275 N/m is cut into five equal springs with five coils each. What is the spring constant of each of the 5-coil springs? A) 55 N/m B) 275 N/m C) 950 N/m D) 1375 N/m E) 1750 N/m

1375 N/m

A simple harmonic oscillator with a period of 2.0 s is subject to damping so that it loses one percent of its amplitude per cycle. lose per cycle? About how much energy does this oscillator A) 0.5 % B) 1.0 % C) 2.0 % D) 3.0 % E) 4.0 %

2.0%

A cable stretches by an amount d as it supports a crate of mass M. The cable is cut in half. What is the mass of the load that can be supported by either half of the cable if the cable stretches by an amount d? A) M/4 B) M/2 C) M D) 2M E) 4M

2M

A cable stretches by an amount d when it supports a crate of mass M. The cable is replaced by another cable of the same material having the same length and twice the diameter. What is the mass of the load that can be supported by the thicker cable if it stretches by an amount d? A) M/4 B) M/2 C) M D) 2M E) 4M

4M

Which one of the following statements concerning a completely enclosed fluid is true? The pressure at all points within the fluid is independent of any pressure applied to it. C)Any change in applied pressure produces an equal change in pressure at all points within the fluid D) An increase in pressure in one part of the fluid results in an equal decrease in pressure in another part. E) The pressure in the fluid is the same at all points within the fluid.

Any change in applied pressure produces an equal change in pressure at all points within the fluid

Which one of the following statements concerning streamline flow is true? A) At any given point in the fluid, the velocity is constant in time. B) Streamline flow occurs when there are sharp obstacles in the path of a fast-moving fluid. C) Streamline flow is described by Pascal's principle. D) Streamline flow is described by Archimedes' principle. E) The velocity vectors are the same for all particles in the fluid.

At any given point in the fluid, the velocity is constant in time.

A curtain hangs straight down in front of an open window. A sudden gust of wind blows past the window; and the curtain is pulled out of the window. Which law, principle, or equation can be used to explain this movement of the curtain? A) Poiseuille's law B) Bernoulli's equation C) the equation of continuity D) Archimedes' principle E) Pascal's principle

Bernoulli's equation

The specific heat capacity of iron is approximately half that of aluminum.Two balls of equal mass, one made of iron and the other of aluminum, both at 90 °C, are dropped into a thermally insulated jar that contains an equal mass of water at 25 °C. Thermal equilibrium is eventually reached. Which one of the following statements concerning the final temperatures is true? A) Both balls will reach the same final temperature. B) The iron ball will reach a higher final temperature than the aluminum ball. C) The aluminum ball will reach a higher final temperature than the iron ball. D) The difference in the final temperatures of the balls depends on the initial mass of the water. E) The difference in the final temperatures of the balls depends on the initial temperature of the water.

Both balls will reach the same final temperature.

Complete the following statement: When a substance undergoes fusion it A) freezes. B) sublimes. C) condenses. D) vaporizes. E) evaporates.

Freezes

Which one of the following statements concerning Hooke's law is false? A) Hooke's law relates stress and strain. B) Hooke's law is valid only for springs. C) Hooke's law can be verified experimentally. D) Hooke's law can be applied to a wide range of materials. E) Hooke's law is valid only within the elastic limit of a given material.

Hooke's law is valid only for springs. Hooke = springs

Which one of the following statements concerning fluid streamlines is true? A) In steady flow, streamlines must remain parallel and equally spaced. B) In turbulent flow, two or more streamlines may cross. C) In turbulent flow, streamlines can begin or end at any point. D) Streamlines are perpendicular to the velocity of the fluid at every point. E) In steady flow, the pattern of streamlines does not change with time.

In steady flow, the pattern of streamlines does not change with time.

Which one of the following statements is true concerning the motion of the block? A) Its acceleration is constant. B) The period of its motion depends on its amplitude. C) Its acceleration is greatest when the spring returns to the 5.0 cm position. D) Its velocity is greatest when the mass has reached its maximum displacement. E) Its acceleration is greatest when the mass has reached its maximum displacement.

Its acceleration is greatest when the mass has reached its maximum displacement. (A is greatest when m is at max displacement )

What are the SI units of the shear modulus? A) N/m2 B) N/m C) N⋅m D) N/m3 E) N⋅m2

N/m^2

A u-shaped tube is connected to a flexible tube that has a membrane-covered funnel on the opposite end as shown in the drawing. Justin finds that no matter which way he orients to membrane, the height of the liquid in the u-shaped tube does not change. Which of the following choices best describes this behavior? A) Archimedes' principle B) Bernoulli's principle C) continuity equation D) irrotational flow E) Pascal's principle

Pascal's principle

Complete the following sentence: The operation of a hydraulic jack is an application of A) Pascal's principle. B) Bernoulli's principle. C) Archimedes' principle. D) irrotational flow. E) the continuity equation.

Pascal's principle

Which law, principle, or equation can be used to determine the volume flow rate of a liquid that is forced through a hypodermic needle? A) Poiseuille's law B) Pascal's principle C) Bernoulli's equation D) Archimedes' principle E) the equation of continuity

Poiseuille's law

hich would cause a more serious burn: 30 g of steam or 30 g of liquid water, both at 100 °C; and why is this so? A) Water, because it is denser than steam. B) Steam, because of its specific heat capacity. C) Steam, because of its latent heat of vaporization. D) Water, because its specific heat is greater than that of steam. E) Either one would cause a burn of the same severity since they are both at the same temperature

Steam, because of its latent heat of vaporization.

Complete the following statement: When solid NH3 passes directly to the gaseous state it is said to A) melt. B) sublime. C) condense. D) evaporate. E) fuse.

Sublime

Three thermometers are in the same water bath. After thermal equilibrium is established, it is found that the Celsius thermometer reads 0 °C, the Fahrenheit thermometer reads 12 °F, and the Kelvin thermometer reads 273 K. following statements is the most reasonable conclusion? A) The Kelvin thermometer is incorrect. B) The Celsius thermometer is incorrect. C) The Fahrenheit thermometer is incorrect. D) All three thermometers are incorrect. E) The three thermometers are at different temperatures. Which one of the

The Fahrenheit thermometer is incorrect

Three thermometers are placed in a closed, insulated box and are allowed to reach thermal equilibrium. One is calibrated in Fahrenheit degrees, one in Celsius degrees, and one in Kelvins. The Celsius thermometer reads -40 °C and the Kelvin thermometer reads 233 K. Which one of the following statements is necessarily true? A) The Kelvin thermometer should read -233 K. B) The Kelvin thermometer should read -313 K. C) The Fahrenheit thermometer must read -40 °F. D) If water were found within the box, it must be in the liquid state. E) If the temperature of the contents is increased by 10 C°, the reading on the Kelvin thermometer should increase by 273 K.

The Fahrenheit thermometer must read -40 °F.

A balloon is released from a tall building. The total mass of the balloon including the enclosed gas is 2.0 kg. Its volume is 5.0 m3. The density of air is 1.3 kg/m3. Will the balloon rise, fall, or remain stationary; and why? A) The balloon will fall because its density is greater than that of air. B) The balloon will remain stationary because its density is less than that of air. C) The balloon will rise because the upward buoyant force is greater than its weight. D) The balloon will fall because the upward buoyant force is less than its weight. E) The balloon will fall because the downward buoyant force is greater than the upward buoyant force.

The balloon will rise because the upward buoyant force is greater than its weight.

Which one of the following statements concerning the buoyant force on an object submerged in a liquid is true? A) The buoyant force depends on the mass of the object. B) The buoyant force depends on the weight of the object. C) The buoyant force is independent of the density of the liquid. D) The buoyant force depends on the volume of the liquid displaced. E) The buoyant force will increase with depth if the liquid is incompressible.

The buoyant force depends on the volume of the liquid displaced.

An ordinary mercury thermometer at room temperature is quickly placed in a beaker of hot water. The mercury column is observed to drop slightly before it rises to the final equilibrium temperature. Which one of the following statements is the best explanation for this behavior? A) The glass envelope expands before the heat reaches the mercury. B) The expansion coefficient of glass is larger than that of mercury. C) Both the mercury and the glass initially expand, but at different rates. D) Initially, the mercury contracts. E) Initially, the glass envelop contracts.

The glass envelope expands before the heat reaches the mercury.

The two dams are identical with the exception that the water reservoir behind dam A extends twice the horizontal distance behind it as that of dam B. Which one of the following statements regarding these dams is correct? A) The force exerted by the water on dam A is greater than that on dam B. B) The force exerted by the water on dam B is greater than that on dam A. C) Dam A is more likely to collapse than dam B if the water level rises. D) Dam B is more likely to collapse than dam A if the water level rises. E)The horizontal distance of the water behind the two dams doesn't determine the force on them

The horizontal distance of the water behind the two dams doesn't determine the force on them

Which one of the following statements is true concerning an object executing simple harmonic motion? A) The object's velocity is never zero. B) The object's acceleration is never zero. C) The object's velocity and acceleration are simultaneously zero. D) The object's velocity is zero when its acceleration is a maximum. E) The object's maximum acceleration is equal to its maximum velocity.

The object's velocity is zero when its acceleration is a maximum.

On a warm summer day, the relative humidity is 30 % when the temperature is 32 °C. Which one of the following statements is true if the temperature suddenly decreases to 26 °C and all other conditions remain the same? A) The relative humidity will decrease. B) The relative humidity will increase. C) The dew point will change. D) The partial pressure of water vapor will decrease. E) The vaporization curve of water will change.

The relative humidity will increase.

Heat is added to a substance, but its temperature does not rise. Which one of the following statements provides the best explanation for this observation? A) The substance must be a gas. B) The substance must be a non-perfect solid. C) The substance undergoes a change of phase. D) The substance has unusual thermal properties. E) The substance must be cooler than its environment.

The substance undergoes a change of phase

A liquid is in equilibrium with its vapor in a closed vessel. Which one of the following statements is necessarily true? A) The rate of condensation is greater than the evaporation rate. B) The rate of evaporation is greater than the condensation rate. C) The temperature of the vapor is greater than that of the liquid. D) Molecules of the liquid do not have enough energy to vaporize. E) The temperature of the vapor is the same as that of the liquid.

The temperature of the vapor is the same as that of the liquid.

Heat is added to a sample of water in an insulated container. Which one of the following statements is necessarily true? A) The temperature of the water will rise. B) The volume of the water must decrease. C) The mass of the system must decrease. D) Under certain conditions, the temperature of the water can decrease. E)The type of change that will occur depends on the original temperature of the water.

The type of change that will occur depends on the original temperature of the water.

Which one of the following statements explains why it is difficult to measure the coefficient of volume expansion for a liquid? A) Liquids are more compact than solids. B) Liquids are more compact than gases. C) Liquids tend to expand more slowly than solids. D) The liquid will lose heat to the containing vessel. E) The volume of the containing vessel will also increase.

The volume of the containing vessel will also increase.

Which one of the following statements is false concerning the derivation or usage of Bernoulli's equation? A) The fluid must be non-viscous. B) Streamline flow is assumed. C) The fluid must be incompressible. D) The work-energy theorem is used to derive Bernoulli's equation. E) Vertical distances are always measured relative to the lowest point within the fluid.

Vertical distances are always measured relative to the lowest point within the fluid.

Which one of the following statements is the best explanation for the fact that metal pipes that carry water often burst during cold winter months? A) Water contracts upon freezing while the metal expands at lower temperatures. B) The metal contracts to a greater extent than the water. C) The interior of the pipe contracts less than the outside of the pipe. D) Water expands upon freezing while the metal contracts at lower temperatures. E) Both the metal and the water expand, but the water expands to a greater extent.

Water expands upon freezing while the metal contracts at lower temperatures.

The units of heat are equivalent to those of which one of the following quantities? A) force/time B) work C) temperature D) specific heat capacity E) power

Work

Complete the following statement: Young's modulus cannot be applied to A) a stretched wire. B) a compressed rod. C) a bending beam. D) a compressed liquid. E) a stretched rubber band.

a compressed liquid.

Complete the following statement: In general, the term stress refers to A) a change in volume. B) a change in length. C) a force per unit area. D) a fractional change in length. E) a force per unit length.

a force per unit area. Fpua

Which one of the following terms is used to describe a system in which the degree of damping is just enough to stop the system from oscillating? A) critically damped B) underdamped C) slightly damped D) overdamped E) resonance

critically damped

A cable stretches by an amount d when it supports a crate of mass M. The cable is then cut into three equal pieces. If the same crate is supported by any one of these pieces, by how much will the cable stretch? A) d B) d/3 C) d/6 D) 3d E) 9d

d/3

A cable stretches by an amount d when it supports a crate of mass M. The cable and is replaced by another cable of the same material having the same length and twice the diameter. If the same crate is supported by the thicker cable, by how much will the cable stretch? A) d/4 B) d/2 C) d D) 2d E) 4d

d/4

When a 0.20-kg block is suspended from a vertically hanging spring, it stretches the spring from its original length of 0.040 m to 0.045 m. The same block is attached to the same spring and placed on a horizontal, frictionless surface as shown. The block is then pulled so that the spring stretches to a total length of 0.15 m. The block is released at time t = 0 s and undergoes simple harmonic motion. Complete the following statement: In order to increase the frequency of the motion, one would have to A) reduce the spring constant. B) decrease the mass of the block on the end of the spring. C) increase the length of the spring. D) reduce the distance that the spring is initially stretched. E) increase the distance that the spring is initially stretched.

decrease the mass of the block on the end of the spring. Dtm

Complete the following statement: Bernoulli's principle is a statement of A) hydrostatic equilibrium. B) thermal equilibrium in fluids. C) mechanical equilibrium in fluids. D) energy conservation in dynamic fluids. E) momentum conservation in dynamic fluids

energy conservation in dynamic fluids.

Complete the following statement: Bimetallic strips used as adjustable switches in electric appliances consist of metallic strips that must have different A) mass. B) length. C) volume. D) expansion coefficients. E) specific heat capacities.

expansion coefficients.

A simple pendulum consists of a ball of mass m suspended from the ceiling using a string of length L. The ball is displaced from its equilibrium position by a small angle θ. What is the magnitude of the restoring force that moves the ball toward its equilibrium position and produces simple harmonic motion? A) kx B) mg C) mg(cos θ) D) mg(sin θ) E) mgL(sin θ)

mg(sin θ)

Two cubes, one silver and one iron, have the same mass and temperature. A quantity Q of heat is removed from each cube. Which one of the following properties causes the final temperatures of the cubes to be different? A) density B) latent heat of vaporization C) specific heat capacity D) coefficient of volume expansion E) volume

specific heat capacity (shc)

A plastic box has an initial volume of 3.50 m^3. It is then submerged below the surface of a liquid and its volume decreases to 3.48 m^3. Complete the following statement: In order to calculate the "stress" on the box, in addition to the information given, one must also know A) the mass of the box. B) the bulk modulus of the material from which the box is made. C) the shear modulus of the material from which the box is made. D) the Young's modulus of the material from which the box is made. E) the bulk modulus of the liquid.

the bulk modulus of the material from which the box is made.

Which one of the following would probably not be used as a temperature sensitive property in the construction of a thermometer? A) the change in mass of a solid B) the change in volume of a liquid C) the change in length of a metal rod D) the change in electrical resistance of a wire E) the change in pressure of a gas at constant volume

the change in mass of a solid (mos)

Complete the following sentence: Resonance occurs in harmonic motion when A) the system is overdamped. B) the system is critically damped. C) the energy in the system is a minimum. D) the driving frequency is the same as the natural frequency of the system. E) the energy in the system is proportional to the square of the motion's amplitude.

the driving frequency is the same as the natural frequency of the system.

Complete the following statement: The term heat most accurately describes A) the internal energy of an object. B) a measure of how hot an object is. C) the absolute temperature of an object. D) the molecular motion inside of an object. E) the flow of energy due to a temperature difference.

the flow of energy due to a temperature difference.

Which one of the following phrases is an example of sublimation? A) the fumes emitted from moth balls B) the mist produced by liquid nitrogen C) the formation of dew on blades of grass D) the formation of raindrops in the atmosphere E) the condensation of steam on a kitchen window

the fumes emitted from moth balls

Three blocks, labeled A, B, and C, are floating in water as shown in the drawing. Blocks A and B have the same mass and volume. Block C has the same volume, but is submerged to a greater depth than the other two blocks. Which one of the following statements concerning this situation is false? A) The density of block A is less than that of block C. B) The buoyant force acting on block A is equal to that acting on block B. C) The volume of water displaced by block C is greater than that displaced by block B. D) The buoyant force acting on block C is greater than that acting on block B. E) The volume of water displaced by block A is greater than that displaced by block b

the volume of water displaced by block A is greater than that displaced by block b