PNU 133 PrepU Passpoint Cardiovascular Disorders

The nurse is talking with the parent of a 3-year-old child who has congenital heart disease. The parent reports feeling concerns that the child does not seem to be maturing emotionally in a manner that is at the same rate as the two older children in the family. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?

"Children who have chronic health issues may experience developmental delays."

The nurse is caring for a child that is undergoing cardiac surgery. Parents ask a nurse what the activity level for their child should be post-surgery. Which response would be best?

"Encourage a balance of rest and exercise."

Which statement by a nurse to an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) best explains the need to promptly report changes in respiratory rate for a client diagnosed with heart failure?

"Pulmonary edema, a life-threatening condition, can develop in minutes."

A client who is being treated for unilateral lower extremity deep vein thrombophlebitis is being discharged. Which statement made by the client indicates to the nurse that additional discharge education is needed?

"Tight compression hose rolled down behind the knee won't fall down and improves the circulation in my legs."

The nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions for a client with varicose veins. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further instruction?

"Wearing tight clothes won't affect me."

A client is being discharged from the hospital with a permanent cardiac pacemaker that is set at 72 beats/minute. The nurse should instruct the client to report which pulse rate immediately to the physician?

64 beats/minute

A client has experienced a myocardial infarction (MI). Which intervention should the nurse include when assisting with the plan of care to prevent constipation?

Administer a stool softener.

Which interventions are appropriate when caring for a client with acute thrombophlebitis?

Apply warm soaks and elevate the client's legs higher than the level of the heart.

Which measurement can best be used to monitor the respiratory status of a client with pulmonary edema?

Arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis

The licensed practical nurse discovers a client with a pulse rate of 40 beats/minute. His blood pressure is 80/50 mm Hg and he reports dizziness. Which medication would the registered nurse use to treat the client's bradycardia?

Atropine

When measuring the radial pulse of a client with known aortic insufficiency, the nurse detects a "water-hammer" or Corrigan's pulse. What are the characteristics of this pulse?

Bounding, with a rapid rise and fall

A client is recovering from coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Which nursing diagnosis takes highest priority at this time?

Decreased cardiac output related to depressed myocardial function, deficient fluid volume, or impaired electrical conduction

An elderly client who underwent total hip replacement exhibits a red, painful area on the calf of the affected leg. What test validates presence of thromboembolism?

Homans'

An older adult client has a potassium level of 3.2 mEq/L (3.2 mmol/L). How should the nurse instruct the client in relation to diet?

Increase intake of bananas and oranges.

A client experiences orthostatic hypotension while receiving furosemide to treat hypertension. How should the nurse intervene?

Instruct the client to flex the calf muscles and then sit up for several minutes before standing.

Atropine is being administered to a child with sinus bradycardia. Which statement is mostaccurate about the administration of this medication?

It increases heart rate.

Which statement best explains why furosemide is administered to treat hypertension?

It inhibits reabsorption of sodium and water in the loop of Henle.

The nurse administers furosemide to treat a client with heart failure. Which adverse effect must the nurse watch for most carefully?

Low serum potassium level

A nurse is monitoring a client receiving a continuous infusion of lidocaine for ventricular dysrhythmias. During breakfast, the client states, "I am so tired. My vision is so blurry I can't see my food." What is the nurse's best action?

Notify the primary registered nurse of the client's symptoms.

A cognitively alert client is scheduled for a coronary artery bypass graft surgery in the morning. The nurse checks the chart for preoperative orders and finds that the surgical consent form hasn't been signed. Which of the following is the best action for the nurse to take?

Notify the surgeon.

A client is admitted to the health care facility for treatment of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. When planning this client's care, the nurse formulates interventions with which goal in mind?

Stabilizing the heart rate and blood pressure and easing anxiety

After abdominal surgery, which factor would predispose a client to deep vein thrombosis?

The client will be immobile during and shortly after surgery.

A client who has been prescribed nitroglycerin, metoprolol, and furosemide is dizzy and has a blood pressure of 84/50 mm Hg. Which action should the nurse take when the medications are scheduled to be provided?

Withhold the medications, and notify the health care provider.

A nurse is about to administer digoxin to a client with heart failure. Which parameter should the nurse check before administering the medication?

apical pulse

The diaphragm of the stethoscope is typically placed over which artery to obtain a blood pressure measurement?

brachial

The nurse is caring for a client who is taking furosemide and digoxin for heart failure. The nurse explains which menu would be the best for the client?

chicken with a baked potato and cantaloupe

An older adult client is newly diagnosed with left-sided heart failure. Which sign most commonly associated with this type of heart failure would the nurse expect to find when obtaining data for this client?

crackles

A client is admitted to the hospital displaying sinus bradycardia, nausea, anorexia, and blurred vision. What should the nurse suspect this client to be experiencing?

digoxin toxicity

The nurse is teaching a client how to take nitroglycerin to treat angina pectoris. The client verbalizes an understanding of the need to take up to three sublingual nitroglycerin tablets at 5-minute intervals, if necessary, and to notify the physician immediately if chest pain doesn't subside within 15 minutes. The nurse informs the client that nitroglycerin may cause:

headache, hypotension, dizziness, and flushing.

The nurse is caring for an infant diagnosed with patent ductus arteriosus. Which drug would the nurse anticipate administering to achieve closure of the defect?

indomethacin

A client with no known history of peripheral vascular disease comes to the emergency department reporting sudden onset of lower leg pain. Inspection and palpation reveal absent pulses; paresthesia; and a mottled, cyanotic, and cold left calf. While the physician determines the appropriate therapy, the nurse should:

keep the affected leg level or slightly dependent.

The nurse is caring for a child with acute rheumatic fever. Which data does the nurse anticipate in this child?

leukocytosis

The nurse is administering enteric coated erythromycin to a client. What adverse reaction should the nurse monitor for?

nausea and vomiting

The nurse advises a client recovering from a myocardial infarction to decrease fat and sodium intake. Which foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid? Select all that apply.

pepperoni pizza bacon cheese soft drinks

The nurse is caring for a client with acute pulmonary edema. To immediately promote oxygenation and relieve dyspnea, the nurse should:

place the client in high Fowler's position.

A client reports recent onset of sporadic chest pain with exertion. The client also has fatigue and mild ankle swelling, which is worst at the end of the day. The nurse suspects a cardiovascular disorder. When exploring the chief concern, the nurse should find out if the client has any other common cardiovascular symptoms, such as:

shortness of breath.

The nurse is performing an electrocardiogram (ECG) for a client with chest pain. To achieve the best results, in which position will the nurse place the client?

supine

A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with myocardial infarction (MI) who is prescribed a nitrate. What does the nurse identify as the purpose of giving a nitrate to this client?

to dilate coronary arteries

The nurse is auscultating the client's heart and identifies a third heart sound. Which complication does the nurse expect to be the cause of the third heart sound (S3)?

ventricular dilation

A client has sudden cardiac death. Which arrhythmia commonly associated with sudden cardiac death does the nurse suspect this client may have experienced?

ventricular fibrillation

The nurse suspects that a 68-year-old client has digoxin toxicity. The nurse should assess for:

vision changes.